An yi imani da cewa ciwon sukari wata cuta ce ta tsofaffi waɗanda suka yi kiba sosai kuma suke aiki da tsarin endocrine. Koyaya, yara zasu iya fama da wannan cutar, wanda a mafi yawan lokuta akan ba su ta gado. Pathology kusan babu sauran hanyar da alamomin.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana gano yara tare da nau'in 1 mellitus na sukari, wanda ke dogara da insulin. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, lokuta sun zama mafi yawan lokuta lokacin da, bayan shekaru 7, an sami nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 wanda ba shi da insulin a cikin yara.
Alamomin kamuwa da cutar siga a cikin yara sun yi kama da alamun cutar a cikin manya. A cikin kula da ciwon sukari na yara, ƙarancin ilimin halittar jiki wanda aka yi la’akari da ƙwayar halitta.
Yara da ciwon sukari
Wannan ilimin halayyar cuta mai haɗari cuta ne na tsarin endocrine na dabi'a. Cutar ta bayyana ne sakamakon karancin insulin, wanda kumburin ciki ke haifarwa. Yin amfani da insulin, glucose yana shiga sel.
A cikin samuwar ciwon sukari, glucose ba zai iya shiga sel cikin kansa ba. Ya kasance cikin jini, wanda hakan ke cutar da jiki. Lokacin da glucose ya shiga jiki tare da abinci, sai ya zama mai tsarkakakken makamashi a cikin tantanin halitta, wanda ke ba dukkan tsarin da gabobin suyi aiki yadda yakamata. A cikin sel, glucose na iya samun insulin.
Idan akwai karancin insulin a jiki, to kuwa sukari ya kasance cikin jini, sai ya fara kauri. Saboda wannan, jini ba zai iya tura abinci da oxygen da sauri cikin sel ba. Ganuwar jijiyoyin jini sun zama mai yawa sosai ga abubuwan gina jiki, suna rasa yiwuwar su. Wannan halin kai tsaye yana barazanar membranes na jijiya.
Sakamakon ciwon sukari, yaro yana fama da rikice-rikice na rayuwa:
- mai,
- carbohydrate
- furotin
- ma'adinai
- ruwa-gishiri.
Don haka, matsaloli daban-daban na cutar sun tashi waɗanda ke da haɗari ga rayuwa.
An san nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan guda biyu waɗanda ke da mahimman bambance-bambance dangane da etiology, pathogenesis, bayyanar asibiti da magani.
Nau'in nau'in ciwon suga an yanke shi ta hanyar rashin insulin. Cutar ba ta motsa shi ba da ƙwayar cuta. Wannan jikin bai jimre da ayyukan sa ba. Arin insulin da aka kera shi ba a sarrafa shi kuma matakin glucose a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa. Tare da wannan nau'in ciwon sukari, ana buƙatar maganin insulin koyaushe. Jiyya ta ƙunshi injections na yau da kullun na insulin, wanda aka gudanar dashi gwargwado.
A cikin ciwon sukari na nau'in na biyu, insulin a cikin jiki ya isa, wani lokacin kuma sama da yadda ake buƙata. Amma kusan ba shi da amfani, saboda kyallen da ke cikin jiki saboda wasu dalilai sun rasa hankalin sa. A takaice dai, babu fitowar insulin.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon sukari an bayyana su a:
- cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini,
- neuropathy - take hakkin tsarin juyayi,
- nephropathy - matsala a cikin kodan,
- yanayin rashin fata
- osteoporosis.
Abubuwan rikice-rikice da aka jera ba cikakken jerin sakamako ne na mummunan sakamako da cutar sankara ke haifar ba. Yakamata a bi shawarwarin likita domin babu wasu matakai na jujjuyawar jikin yarinyar.
Hanya mafi kyau don hana rikicewar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta shine kulawa da sukari a cikin jini koyaushe da kuma rage yawan ƙwayar carbohydrate.
Yaran da ke dauke da cutar siga suna matukar tsananin bukatar kulawa da sanya ido akan yanayin jikin daga iyayensu.
Alamar kamuwa da cutar sankarau a cikin yara
Kwayar cutar sankarau a cikin yara kusan babu bambanci da alamun cutar a cikin manya. Tare da isasshen magani, yaro zai iya jin zafin ciki, ƙoshin fata, furunlera da neurodermatitis.
Wadannan alamun cututtukan sukari a cikin yara 'yan shekaru 10 yawanci sune sakamakon mummunan ciwon sukari-dogara da ciwon sukari. Wani fasalin halayyar shine cewa maganin yana da rikitarwa sosai, tunda aikin pancreas ya riga ya lalace, kuma glucose a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa sosai.
Yaro tun yana da shekaru goma ya riga ya iya magana game da matsalolin lafiyarsa, alal misali, yin gunaguni da bushewar bakinsa ko mummunan numfashi. Iyaye su kula da bayanin da yaransu suka bayar, gami da halayyar sa. Yara sukan koka game da cutar ta migraines, mantuwa, rashin damuwa da canji a cikin yanayin tunanin mutum.
Kwayar cutar sankarau a cikin yara na girma da sauri. Idan an gano alamun halayyar, yana da mahimmanci ku kai ɗanku zuwa likita. Yin watsi da alamomin bayyanar cututtuka a cikin yawanci ana haifar da mummunan sakamako.
Tsarin alamu na cutar sankarau sun hada da:
- kishirwa ta yau da kullun, wanda ya bayyana saboda yaduwar ruwa daga sel da kyallen takarda, saboda jiki yana jin buƙatar tsarke glucose a cikin jini,
- urination akai-akai - yana fitowa sakamakon yawan ƙishirwa,
- asarar nauyi mai sauri - jiki yana asarar ikon yin amfani da makamashi daga glucose kuma yana canzawa zuwa tsoka da tsopose nama,
- gajiya kodayaushe - gabobi da kyallen takarda suna fama da rashin kuzari, aika da wasu sakonni a kwakwalwa,
- rage cin abinci - akwai matsaloli tare da ɗaukar abinci,
- karancin gani - wani babban matakin glucose a cikin jini yana haifar da bushewa, wannan kuma ya shafi ruwan tabarau na ido, hazo a idanu da sauran rikice-rikice sun fara.
- fungal cututtuka
- mai ciwon sukari ketoacidosis cuta ce mai wahala wacce ke tattare da tashin zuciya, ciwon ciki da gajiya.
Tare da ciwon sukari a lokuta da yawa, an kafa ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari, yana da haɗari ga rayuwar yara.
Wannan rikitarwa yana buƙatar kulawa da lafiya na gaggawa.
Matakan bincike don tabbatar da ciwon sukari
Idan iyaye sun lura da alamun halayyar kamuwa da cutar siga a cikin yaro, yana da muhimmanci a bincika kai tsaye. Idan nauyin yaron a lokacin haihuwa ya kasance daga kilo 4 zuwa 6, wannan yana nuna tsinkayar cutar sankara.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura da yanayin jariri kuma a wani lokaci kar a yi amfani da zanen jariri don bincika sau da yawa yadda jaririn ke fitar da shi.
Ganowar asali dangane da alamun da ke ciki sun haɗa da gwajin haƙuri na glucose. Ana gudanar da bincike ne akan komai a ciki. Lokaci na biyu ana yin nazarin, lokacin da yaro ya sha g 75 na glucose tare da ruwa.
Bayan hanyoyin bincike, likita yayi nazarin sakamakon binciken. Idan alamu suna cikin kewayon 7.5 - 10.9 mmol / l, to, ciwon sukari yana latti kuma saka idanu yana da mahimmanci a cikin kuzari.
Idan adadi ya zarce 11 mmol / l, to an tabbatar da cutar, kuma yaro yana buƙatar magani, ya danganta da nau'in ciwon sukari.
Siffofin jiyya
Wajibi ne don kula da ciwon sukari a cikin yara a kai a kai, kawai a wannan yanayin zaka iya kiyaye cutar a cikin kulawa kuma kada ku ji tsoron samuwar rikice-rikice. Jiyya ba tare da gazawa ya haɗa da aikin ba da abinci, kazalika da tsananin kiyaye ka'idodin abinci.
Yawan amfani da shirye-shiryen insulin da yara tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na farko shine babban ɓangaren magani. A matsayinka na mai mulki, likita ya ba da izini naúrar miyagun ƙwayoyi don sukari na g 3-5 na fitsari. Wannan yana daga raka'a 20 zuwa 40 kowace rana. Yayinda cutar ta haɓaka ko yaro ya girma, sashi na iya ƙaruwa ko raguwa. Ana saka insulin a cikin ƙananan ƙananan sau biyu a rana mintina 15 kafin cin abinci.
Ya kamata a lura cewa yakamata a samar da maganin insulin daga likitoci daban-daban. Daidaitawa na yawan insulin kuma likita ne yake yin shi. An hana iyaye yin canje-canje ga kowane shawarar likita.
Don warkewa, yana da mahimmanci a kula da yawan sukari a abinci. Yawan carbohydrates a rana kada ya wuce gram 380-400. Idan ya cancanta, an tsara magani, wanda ya ƙunshi magungunan choleretic da hepatotropic.
An zaɓi sunan da kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi bayan an kammala sakamakon binciken. Iyaye su tuna cewa ciwon sukari na yara ba magana bane. Yana da mahimmanci a ba wa ɗan hankali wasu kuma su bi shawarar likita. A wannan yanayin, cutar za ta kasance a ƙarƙashin kulawa, kuma yaro zai yi rayuwa cikakke.
Tare da ciwon sukari, rage cin abinci yana ba ku damar kulawa da sukari na jini koyaushe. Hakanan likita yana wajabta abincin abincin, amma akwai ƙa'idodin abinci mai gina jiki na wannan cuta.
A cikin abincin yara masu fama da ciwon sukari yana iyakance:
- Kayan abinci
- dankali
- wasu nau'ikan hatsi.
Don ƙirƙirar hatsi, yana da kyau a yi amfani da zaɓuɓɓuka don niƙa mai laushi, alal misali, oatmeal ko buckwheat. An cire sukari daga abincin, ana maye gurbin shi da kayan zaki.
Gundumar Semolina da shinkafa shinkafa ta fi kyau a ci sau da yawa. Yaran da ke da ciwon sukari na iya cin berries, wasu 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari. A wasu halaye, an yarda da abubuwan da ke zuwa:
- rasberi
- strawberries
- 'ya'yan itatuwa Citrus.
Bangare daga menu:
- mai abinci mai kima
- yaji jita-jita
- biredi.
Idan yaro na kowane shekara da haihuwa yana da tarihin cutar sankara, yana da mahimmanci a ciyar da shi aƙalla sau shida a rana. Bautawanci koyaushe ya kasance ƙanana. Tare da wannan cutar, yana da mahimmanci kada ku ɗanɗani yunwar, saboda wannan yana haɓaka ci gaban rikitarwa.
Ya kamata a aiwatar da matakan kariya don kamuwa da cutar siga a cikin yara tun daga haihuwarta. Musamman, yana da mahimmanci yayin da ɗayan iyayen ke da wannan cutar.
Game da sifofi da alamomin kamuwa da cutar siga a cikin yara zasu fada bidiyo a wannan labarin.
