Rashin lafiyar metabolism a cikin yara yana da alaƙa da raunin ƙwayoyin cuta. Rashin kamuwa da ciwon sukari yana ƙaruwa idan iyaye ko dangi na kusa da yaron suna rashin lafiya.
Don fara magani a kan lokaci, yana da muhimmanci a yi cikakken maganin cutar da wuri-wuri. Sabili da haka, yara daga masu haɗari masu haɗari ya kamata a lura da likitan yara kuma a kai a kai gwajin gwajin.
Hoto na asibiti na ciwon sukari na mellitus a cikin yara na iya zama alama kaɗan, sannan kuma ya bayyana kansa a matsayin rikice-rikice mai wahala a cikin yanayin ƙwayar ketoacidotic. Saboda haka, rashi alamun cutar sankarau ba koyaushe ba ne tabbatar da lafiyar ɗan.
Me ke shafan glucose na jini?
Hanyoyin da glucose ya shiga cikin jini zai iya zama na waje da na ciki. A waje, glucose ya shiga abinci. Samfurin na iya ƙunsar ingantaccen glucose, wanda a cikin hakan ne aka fara ɗaukar shi cikin ƙwayar bakin. Hakanan za'a iya samo shi daga hadaddun sugars, wanda enzyme ya raba shi - amylase.
Sucrose, fructose, galactose, wanda ke cikin abinci, a ƙarshe shima ya zama kwayoyin glucose. Hanya ta biyu ana bayar da glucose tana danganta da hanzarta samun ta - fashewar glycogen. Karkashin tasirin hormones (da farko glucagon), glycogen ya rushe don glucose kuma ya sake cika kasawarsa idan ba'a karbi abinci ba.
Kwayoyin hanta suna iya samar da glucose daga lactate, amino acid da glycerol. Wannan hanyar samar da glucose yana da tsayi kuma yana farawa idan shagunan glycogen basu isa don aikin jiki ba.
Bayan cin abinci, matakan glucose na jini suna ƙaruwa, wanda shine abin da masu karɓa a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ke karɓa. Releasedarin ɓangarori na insulin aka saki cikin jini. Ta hanyar haɗuwa da masu karɓa a kan membranes, kwayar insulin tana haɓaka tasirin glucose.
A cikin sel, ana canza glucose zuwa cikin kwayoyin ATP wanda aka yi amfani dashi azaman makamashi. Ana adana wannan glucose din da bazai amfani dashi ba a hanta azaman glycogen.
Sakamakon insulin akan metabolism metabolism an bayyana shi a cikin irin wannan sakamako:
- Yana hanzarta jan glucose da amino acid, potassium, phosphates da magnesium.
- Zai fara bayanin glycolysis a cikin tantanin.
- Yana kunna glycogen samuwar.
- Yana hana kwayar cutar hanta a hanta.
- Stimulates furotin kira.
- Yana haɓaka samuwar kitse mai guba, da canzawar glucose zuwa lipids.
- Yana rage yawan shan mai mai yawa a cikin jini.
Baya ga insulin, glucagon, cortisol, norepinephrine, adrenaline, hormone girma da kuma thyroid suna da tasiri a cikin glucose. Dukkansu suna ba da gudummawa ga karuwar sukarin jini.
Yawan glucose na jini a cikin yaro
Godiya ga aikin waɗannan kwayoyin halittar, ana kiyaye matakin glucose na jini a cikin jiki, amma ba koyaushe bane, amma yana jujjuya ko'ina cikin rana gwargwadon abubuwan da abinci ya ɗauka da aikin jiki. A cikin yara, tazara irin wannan canzawa ya dogara da shekaru.
Tebur wanda ke nuna haɗuwa da glucose yana nuna matsakaicin darajar. Misali, yanayin yawan sukarin jini a cikin yaro na shekaru 8 yana kewayo ne daga 3.3 zuwa 5.5 mmol / l, ga yaro ɗan shekara daya - 2.75-4.4 mmol / l.
Wadannan alamun suna nuna yanayin al'ada na carbohydrates, wanda yayi daidai da shekarun yarinyar. An gudanar da binciken ne a kan komai a ciki, kayan na iya zama mai santsi da jini. Don jini, jini ya fi girma.
Jigilar gwajin jini yana nuna matakan glucose na kwaskwarima. Don bincika yadda ƙwayar huhu ke aiki, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda glycemia ke canzawa bayan cin abinci. Gudanar da gwajin nauyin glucose yana ba ku damar sanin yadda sauri insulin ke rage sukari jini zuwa dabi'un al'ada, wato, sanin haƙuri na haƙuri.
An nuna gwajin haƙuri na glucose:
- Don binciken cutar sankara ko ciwon suga.
- Akwai tsinkayar gado.
- Don kiba ko nauyi.
- Tare da tsayayyen hanya na candidiasis, furunlera.
- Sau da yawa yara marasa lafiya.
- Bayan mummunan cututtuka.
Bayan shan glucose na awa daya, glucose na jini ya hau zuwa matsakaicin, sannan insulin yana taimakawa rage shi awanni biyu bayan fitowar. Yawan glucose bayan awanni biyu daga gudanarwa ya kai 7.8 mmol / l.
Tebur, wanda zaku iya tantance dalilin karkatar da ƙa'idodi, ya nuna cewa a cikin ciwon sukari wannan mai nuna alama ya fi 11.1 mmol / l, kuma dabi'un tsaka-tsaki suna dacewa da ciwon sukari.
Hypoglycemia
Poarancin jini na ɗan gajeren lokaci ya zama ruwan dare a cikin jarirai tare da jinkirta ci gaba ko asfaksiya yayin haihuwa. Bukatar yara a cikin glucose ya ninka 2 sau da girma fiye da na manya, kuma shagon su na glycogen suna ƙasa. Tare da matsananciyar yunwa ko ƙarancin abinci a cikin yara daga shekara zuwa shekara 9 a cikin jini, glucose ta faɗo ƙasa da 2.2 mmol / L.
Ana nuna alamun hypoglycemia a cikin yara ta hanyar ƙaruwa da ɗumi, hannuwa da ƙafa, rawar jiki, fatar fata, tashin hankali, tashin zuciya, da hauhawar zuciya. Sannan, rauni, ciwon kai, santsi, amai sun kara ga wadannan alamu.
Ga jarirai, alamun cututtukan rashin ƙarfi a jiki su ne rashin ƙarfi da barcin rai. Mai tsananin rashin ƙarfi na haifar da rashin jituwa, asarar rayuwa, rashin lafiyar al'ada.
Hypoglycemia a cikin yara na iya zama tare da irin waɗannan cututtukan:
- Cutar hanta.
- Cutar cututtuka.
- Maganin cututtukan ciki na ciki.
- Guba.
- Kunkuru
Hyperglycemia
Increasearin yawan sukari na jini yana faruwa ne da rashin insulin ko kuma ƙarin haɓakar hodar iblis. Wannan mafi yawancin lokuta ana danganta shi da ciwon sukari mellitus, karuwa a cikin abin da ke ci gaba a kowace shekara. A cikin yara, ciwon sukari a mafi yawan lokuta ana haifar da shi ne ta hanyar lalacewar cututtukan fata.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da nau'in 1 mellitus na ciwon sukari suna bayyana ne kawai tare da yanayin gado. Suna iya zama ƙwayoyin cuta, abubuwan guba, kwayoyi, nitrates a abinci da ruwa, damuwa. Ciwon sukari na 2 wanda ba shi da yawa kuma yana da alaƙa da kiba, yana faruwa a cikin yara masu cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na asali wanda aka watsa daga dangi na kusa.
Bayyanar cututtukan sukari a cikin yara suna farawa da ƙishirwa, yawan urination, rashin urinary da rashin nauyi tare da abinci mai kyau. Cutar alama ce ta halayyar mutum an rage rigakafi, yawan sanyi, cututtukan fata, cututtukan fungal Tare da bayyanar cututtuka na marigayi da kuma rashin magani, yanayin ketoacidotic yana haɓaka.
Lokacin da ake bincika ƙwayar cutar sukari na mellitus, karuwa a cikin sukari jini na azumi fiye da 6.1 mmol / L ana la'akari da shi, kuma bayan shan glucose (gwajin haƙuri na glucose), ya fi 11.1 mmol / L girma.
Baya ga ciwon sukari, cututtukan hauka yana faruwa tare da:
- Ciki
- Pathology na endocrine: thyrotoxicosis, cututtukan cututtukan fata shine adrenal, cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan dabbobi.
- Cutar Pancreatic.
- Na kullum na koda da hepatic cututtuka.
- Emotionsarfin motsin zuciyarmu.
- Karin motsa jiki.
- Shan magungunan hormonal.
A cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin, Dr. Komarovsky zai yi magana game da matakan sukari a cikin yara.
