Menene jimlar cholesterol a cikin jini?

Jimlar cholesterol abu ne wanda yake hade da giya da mai. Ana samo shi a cikin dukkanin ƙirar jikin mutum. Ana lura da mafi girman abun ciki a cikin hanta, kwakwalwa da kashin baya, glandon adrenal da gonads. Jimlar adadin jikin mutum kusan 35 g.

A cikin wallafe-wallafen cikin gida da na waje, zaka iya samun suna daban don ɓangaren - ana kiran shi "cholesterol". Abubuwan da ke kama da kitse suna aiwatar da ayyuka da yawa - yana ɗaukar ɓangaren narkewa, yana shiga cikin samar da kwayoyin halittar maza da mata.

Tare da taimakon cholesterol, glandar adrenal ta kasance mai samar da ma'anar cortisol, kuma ana samar da Vitamin D a cikin tsarin tsararran jiki.Da yawanci, jikin mutum yana samar da abubuwa da yawa akan kansa, kuma kimanin 25% suna zuwa ne da abinci.

Yi la'akari da menene ɗaukar mai mai mai wanda aka ɗauka mafi kyau ne ga maza da mata kuma me yasa masu ciwon sukari ke cikin haɗari?

Menene jimlar cholesterol?

Kalmar "cholesterol" wani bangare ne na samarda lafiyayyan halitta wanda yake a cikin membranes tantanin halitta na dukkan abubuwa masu rai, ba tare da togiya ba. Ba ya narke cikin ruwa, yana ɗaukar matakai daban-daban a cikin jiki.

Mutane da yawa sunyi imani da cewa cholesterol mummunan abu ne wanda ke haifar da lahani ga jiki. Amma a zahiri wannan ba haka bane. Cakuda cholesterol shine saboda abinci na mutum. Kashi 25% ne kawai ake shigar da abinci, yayin da ragowar ke kasancewa ta hanjin hanji da hanta.

Kalmar "jimlar cholesterol" tana nuna nau'i biyu na abubuwa masu kitse-waɗannan sune HDL da LDL. Waɗannan abubuwa ne masu ƙoshin lipid na ƙarancin girma da babba. "Mai haɗari" shine haɗari wanda ke nufin ƙarancin lipids mai yawa. A jikin mutum, yana da alaƙa da abubuwan gina jiki, wanda daga baya ya zauna a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini, a sakamakon haka, an samar da matatun atherosclerotic wanda ke kawo cikas ga jini.

HDL abu ne mai amfani, saboda ba shine kera filaye ba, yayin taimakawa taimakawa kawar da wadanda aka riga aka kafa. Cholesterol mai-girma yana tattara abu "mara kyau" daga tasoshin jini da bangon art, bayan wannan ana jigilar shi zuwa hanta, inda aka lalata "haɗari". HDL baya zuwa tare da abinci, amma ana samarwa a jiki kawai.

Ayyukan cholesterol yana cikin bangarorin masu zuwa:

1. Abun gini ne na jikin membranes. Tunda ba ya narke cikin ruwa, wannan yakan sa membranes tantanin halitta ya zama sam sam. Abubuwan sunadarai kashi 95% na abubuwanda ke cikin maye.
2. Yana haɓaka aikin yau da kullun na abubuwan jima'i.
3. Yana cikin aikin metabolic. Yana daidaita samarda acid, lipids, steroid steroid da sauran abubuwanda zasu amfani jiki.
4. Yana goyan bayan aikin kwakwalwa. An tabbatar da cewa cholesterol yana shafar hankalin ɗan adam, yana rinjayar haɗin jijiyoyin jini. Idan akwai mai yawa cholesterol a cikin jini, to wannan shine rigakafin cutar Alzheimer.

Ana amfani da hanyoyi da yawa na dakin gwaje-gwaje don tantance cholesterol na jini.

An ba da shawarar cewa duk mutane suyi nazari don tantance haɗarin cututtukan zuciya, atherosclerosis, ciwon sukari mellitus da sauran cututtukan.

Wanene yana buƙatar sarrafa cholesterol?

Anaruwar ƙwayar cholesterol ba ta bayyana kanta a kowace hanya, babu alamun bayyanar cututtuka, sabili da haka, a mafi yawan lokuta, mutum bai fahimci karuwarsa ba.

Koyaya, masu kwantar da hankali suna ba da shawarar gwajin jini don tantance wannan alamar a kowace shekara biyar. Bi da bi, idan akwai tarihin matsaloli tare da zuciya ko jijiyoyin jini, ya kamata a ɗauki nazarin sau da yawa.

Za'a iya ninka kwalagin kwayoyi yayin daukar ciki. Wannan bambance-bambancen ne na al'ada, saboda canje-canje na hormonal da sauran canje-canje a cikin jikin da ke tattare da haɓaka cikin cikin yaro.

Wadannan mutane suna cikin hadari:

• Shan taba mutane;
• Hawan jini (masu fama da cutar hawan jini);
• Mutanen da ke da kiba ko kiba;
• Masu ciwon sukari
• Idan tarihin cutar zuciya;
• Mata masu son haihuwa
• Maza bayan shekara 40;
• Tsofaffi mutane.

Tare da ciwon sukari, duk gabobin da tsarin jikin mutum suna wahala. Matsalar ita ce masu ciwon sukari nau'in 2, ba tare da la’akari da tasirin kulawar glucose ba, suna da yawan haɗuwa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin triglycerides da ƙarancin cholesterol, yayin da aka rage matakan jininsu masu kyau.

Irin wannan hoton yana haifar da babban yiwuwar bunkasa canje-canje atherosclerotic a cikin jiki. Kwayoyin cholesterol da aka kirkira a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyin jini ana san su da mafi yawan kitse da ƙananan abun cikin fibrous, wanda ke kara haɗarin rabuwa da plaque - jirgin zai zama mai toshewa, wanda ke haifar da bugun zuciya ko bugun jini a cikin masu ciwon sukari.

Hanyoyi don tantance cholesterol

Don tantance rabo mai kyau da mara kyau a cikin jiki, ana buƙatar binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje. An gudanar da gwajin jini na kwayoyin. Yana nuna darajar jimlar cholesterol, maida hankali akan LDL da HDL. Unitsungiyoyi sune MG da dl ko mmol a kowace lita. Ka'ida ta zama saboda shekarun mutum, jinsi.

A cikin aikin likita, lokacin da aka yanke hukunci, wasu kansiloli suna jagorar su inda aka nuna ƙimar iyaka ga mata da maza. Taɓarɓarewa daga ƙa'ida ta bangare ɗaya ko wata na nuni da cutar sankara. A kowane hali, idan abun da ke ciki ya fi mm miliyan 5.2 a kowace lita, to ana buƙatar ƙarin jarrabawa - bayanin martaba.

Tsarin lipidogram cikakken bincike ne wanda ke taimaka wajan tantance maida hankali kan tsarin janar, sassanta, triglycerides, da kuma atherogenic index. Dangane da coefficients na waɗannan bayanan, yana yiwuwa a tsaida ko akwai haɗarin atherosclerosis ko a'a.

Binciken ya ƙunshi rarraba jimlar cholesterol zuwa cikin alpha-cholesterol (al'ada har zuwa 1 mmol / l) - wani abu wanda ba a saka shi cikin jikin ɗan adam da beta-cholesterol (al'ada har zuwa 3 mmol / l) - wani yanki wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga tarin LDL a cikin tasoshin jini.

Hakanan, bayanin martaba mai narkewa yana taimakawa wajen tsayar da rabo daga abubuwa guda biyu. Idan mai nuna alama ya kasa da 3.0, to hadarin cututtukan cututtukan zuciya shine sakaci. A cikin yanayin da sigogi 4.16, da alama cutar ke ƙaruwa. Idan darajar ta kasance sama da 5.0-5.7, to, hadarin yana da girma ko cutar ta riga ta wanzu.

Yanzu zaku iya siyan takaddar bayyani na musamman, wanda aka sayar a cikin kantin magani. Yin amfani da shi, ƙayyade taro akan abu a gida. Irin wannan binciken yana da mahimmanci musamman ga masu ciwon sukari, tunda kusan dukkanin marasa lafiya matakin mummunan abu a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa.

12 sa'o'i kafin binciken ba za ku iya ba:

1. A sha taba.
2. Sha barasa
3. Ku kasance masu juyayi.

Hakanan ana ba da shawarar kulawa da kai ga mutanen da suka wuce 65 da kuma ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cututtukan zuciya.

Fassara ƙididdigar: al'ada da karkacewa

Mafi ƙarancin ƙimar ƙasa da raka'a 5.2. Idan alamu sun haɗu daga 5.2 zuwa 6.2 mmol / l, to waɗannan sune mafi girman adadin halayen da aka yarda dasu. A cikin yanayin da gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje ya nuna sakamakon fiye da raka'a 6.2 - wannan babban matakin ne. Don haka dole ne a rage dabi'u 7.04, 7.13, 7.5 da 7.9.

Don rage ƙimar, kuna buƙatar sake bitar abincin. Suna bin lambar abinci 5, lura da tsarin sha, shiga don wasanni. Idan babu sakamako, an wajabta maganin ƙwayar cuta - magunguna waɗanda ke rage matakin mummunan cholesterol a cikin jini.

Yawan haɓaka cholesterol yana da dalilai iri daban-daban. Waɗannan su ne mellitus na ciwon sukari, cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na hanji na prostate, cututtukan zuciya na rashin ƙarfi, al'adun cin abinci mara kyau, rashin motsa jiki, hauhawar jini, da sauransu.

Matsayi na "mummunan" cholesterol a cikin tebur:

A cikin binciken dole nuna irin HDL ko cholesterol mai kyau. Ga mata, daidaitaccen yanayi mai kyau ya bambanta daga 1.3 zuwa 1.6 mmol / l, ga maza - 1.0 zuwa 1.6 raka'a. Yayi kyau idan ma'aunin namiji ya zama bai fi ɗaya ba, kuma ga mace ƙasa da 1.3 mmol / l.

Lokacin fassarar sakamakon daidai da ka'idojin da aka ƙaddara, ba kawai jinsi da shekarun rukuni na haƙuri za a la'akari da su ba, har ma da sauran abubuwan da zasu iya tasiri darajar ƙarshe. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Lokacin shekara. Ya danganta da lokacin, yawan kayan yana iya canzawa - haɓaka ko raguwa. An daɗe da tabbacin cewa a cikin lokacin sanyi (hunturu ko farkon faɗuwar rana), ƙwayoyin cholesterol suna ƙaruwa 2-5%. Ragewa daga al'ada a cikin wannan lokacin ta hanyar ƙaramin kashi alama ce ta ilimin halayyar mutum, bawai ilimin cuta ba ne;
• Farkon zagayen haila. An lura cewa a farkon rabin sake zagayowar, karkatarwa na iya zama sama da kashi goma, wanda yanayin sihiri ne na jikin mace. A matakai na gaba, an gano ƙaruwa 5-9%. Wannan ya faru ne saboda halayen ƙirar ƙwayoyin lipid a ƙarƙashin rinjayar abubuwa na hormonal na jima'i;
• A lokacin daukar ciki, cholesterol na iya ninkawa, wanda shine al'ada na wannan lokacin. Idan maida hankali yana ƙaruwa sosai, to ana buƙatar magani wanda ya mayar da hankali kan daidaita matakin;
• Pathology. Idan mai haƙuri ya sha wahala daga angina pectoris, hauhawar jijiyoyin jini, nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 na mellitus, cututtukan numfashi, to akwai haɗarin babban haɓakar cholesterol a cikin jiki;
• Tumbin da ke tattare da mummunar dabi'a tana haifar da raguwa mai yawa a cikin abubuwan da ke tattare da giya mai kyau. Wannan shi ne saboda karuwa da girman ƙwayoyin cuta. Girmarsa yana buƙatar abubuwa da yawa, gami da giya mai yawa.

Mafi guntu mutum, ƙaramin matakin cholesterol. Tare da shekaru, iyakar iyaka mai izini tana motsawa baya. Misali, idan ga mace mai shekaru 25-30 zuwa 25, ka'idodin LDL ya kai raka'a 4.25, to a cikin shekaru 50-55 babbar iyaka shine 5.21 mmol / l.

Cholesterol abu ne dake taimakawa jiki aiki. Ci gaban pathology na LDL yana buƙatar aiwatar da hanzari don nufin rage cholesterol, musamman a cikin cututtuka irin su mellitus na sukari, rashin lafiyar zuciya, cututtukan zuciya.

Abinda ke cikin cholesterol zai gaya wa gwani a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.