Algorithm na gaggawa don rikicewar hauhawar jini

Hanyar hauhawar jijiya a cikin lokaci na iya rikitarwa ta hanyar hauhawar jini - haɓakawa ba tsammani a systolic da / ko matsa lamba na diastolic daga ingantaccen ko ƙaruwa. Rikici kusan kusan tare yana tare da farawa ko ƙaruwa na alamu daga gabobin da ke cikin zuciya (zuciya, kodan, kwakwalwa).

Alamar karfin jini na wannan rikitarwa mutum ne daban-daban ga kowane mutum - don hypotension wani rikici na iya zama 130/90, kuma ga mara haƙuri tare da hauhawar jini a matsin lamba na 150/90, 180-200 / 100 zai zama matsala.

Rikice-rikice sun bambanta don faruwa na rikice-rikice, kuma an kasu kashi biyu cikin rikitarwa ba rikitarwa ba.

Tashin hankali na iya zama irin wannan yanayin:

• daga gefen kwakwalwa - hadarin cerebrovascular - bugun jini, kai tsaye ischemic Attack;
• zuciya - bugun zuciya, mummunan rauni na ventricular hagu (bugun huhun ciki), paroxysmal tachycardia, ventricular extrasystole;
• koda - gazawar koda; tasoshin ruwa - isowar aortic.

Nau'i na biyu ya kasu kashi biyu:

1. Rikicin Cerebral.
2. Hypothalamic ko rikicin ciyayi.
3. Rikicin Cardiac.

Bugu da kari, wannan ya hada da karuwa sosai a matsin lamba a cikin lokacin bayan tiyata da kuma karuwar keɓaɓɓen hauhawar jini na systolic zuwa millimita 250 na mercury ko diastolic zuwa 150 millimeters

Asibiti, hanyar rikice-rikice ya kasu kashi biyu - neurovegetative, edematous da maƙarƙashiya.

Sanadin da bayyanar cututtuka na HA

Ya kamata a sani cewa a yawancin mutane hauhawar jini yana asymptomatic, kuma rikici na iya zama farkon bayyanuwarsa.

A irin waɗannan halayen, saurin gano cutar rikice-rikice da magani na gaggawa suna da mahimmanci musamman.

Dalili na farko kuma sau da yawa babban dalili shine rashin isasshen magani ko kuma ba shi da kyau - ƙaƙƙarfan magungunan antihypertensive, magani ne wanda bai dace ba ga mai haƙuri ko kuma gwargwado.

Haka kuma akwai wasu dalilai:

• M motsa jiki, wasanni.
• Motsa zuciya, damuwa mai ƙarfi.
• Yawan haila a cikin mata.
• Yanayin yanayi.
• Shan giya mai yawa ko rage cin abinci.

Don ganewar asali game da rikicin, yana da mahimmanci a koma baya ga matsin lamba ba, amma ga gunaguni da alamomin da ke tashi. Suna buƙatar sanin su ba kawai ga likitoci ba, amma ga duk wanda ke da cutar hawan jini ko hauhawar jini a cikin ƙaunataccen.

Bayyanar cututtuka na rikicin hauhawar jini:

1. Tachycardia - karuwa a cikin zuciya fiye da 90 a minti daya.
2. Kyakkyawan ciwon kai, tinnitus, dizziness, fainting.
3. Jin zafi, gumi, jan fuska da wuya.
4. Angina pectoris - jin zafi a bayan gangar jikin yanayin damfara, azzalumi.
5. Rashin gani na gani - kwari mai haske a gaban idanun, asarar filayen gani.
6. Bakin ciki, tashin zuciya, amai.
7. Matsalar numfashi, gajeriyar numfashi.
8. Bayyanar cututtukan jijiyoyi - rawar jiki, faɗar rashin magana da ƙwaƙwalwa, rikicewa, nutsuwa, asarar ikon kewayawa cikin sarari da lokaci.
9. Epistaxis.

Rikicin neurovegetative shine mafi yawan lokuta yakan faru ne bayan mummunan tashin hankali na damuwa, damuwa. A cikin irin waɗannan marasa lafiya, an saki adrenaline da sauran masu ba da labari na tashin hankali a cikin jini, suna haifar da karuwar matsin lamba, tachycardia, rawar jiki, bushewar baki, da damuwa. A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan nau'in ba ya jefa haɗari ga rayuwa kuma ya ƙare bayan 1 - 5 hours tare da polyuria tare da fitsari mai haske, ƙishirwa da nutsuwa.

Mafi kyawun magani ga waɗannan marasa lafiya shine barcin lafiya da abubuwan hana haihuwa.

Sanadin tashin hankali

Tsarin Edematous yana faruwa mafi yawan lokuta a cikin mutane masu kiba da hauhawar jini. Sanadin wannan yanayin rashin ingancin aiki ne na tsarin renin - angiotensin - tsarin aldosterone. A saboda wannan, tacewa da kuma sake dawowa da fitsari a cikin kodan ya yi rauni, yawan zubar da jini yana ƙaruwa, daidaita ma'aunin gishiri-ruwa yana damuwa. Marasa lafiya gurgu ne, suna da kumburi ko nuna kyawun ƙafa, kafafu, hannaye. Rikici na iya aikawa da arrhythmias, rauni na tsoka, oliguria. Hasashen kan bayar da isasshen taimako na farko da bayar da magani ya yi kyau.

Mafi haɗarin duka shine rikici mai ɗaukar hankali, tunda wataƙila zai iya rikitarwa ta hanyar bugun jini, basur a cikin kwakwalwa, ƙwaƙwalwar ventricular ko subarachnoid, cerebral edema, paresis ko injin lalacewa. Tsawon lokaci - daga 'yan sa'o'i zuwa kwanaki 3. Ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta gaggawa kai tsaye kuma a cike. Lokaci bayan kai harin a cikin marassa lafiya da yawa ana nuna shi da amnesia partial.

Ba tare da la’akari da irin rikicin ba, tare da alamomin cututtukan jijiyoyi kamar tsananin ciwon kai, amai da baya kawo nutsuwa, magana mara nauyi, rikicewa, motsi mara kyau, kulawa ta gaggawa a cikin nau'in rage matsin lamba dole a samar da shi cikin awa daya daga fara kai harin.

Bayyanar cututtuka haɗuwa ne da hoton asibiti da hawan jini. Methodsarin hanyoyin yin nazari sune zazzage zuciyar da huhu, electrocardiography.

Amma kuna buƙatar tuna cewa mafi ƙarancin lokacin da za a ɓata akan ganewar asali, ƙarin zai kasance akan magani.

Yaya ake bayar da taimakon farko da magani?

Ana ba da taimako na likita idan akwai wani rikicin tashin hankali daga likitoci na kwantar da marasa lafiyar gaggawa, sannan likitocin kwararru a cikin gundumar da asibitoci na yanki suna ba da cikakkiyar kulawa.

Kwantar da likitocin zasu tattara tarihin likitanci, da auna karfin jini da bugun zuciya, dauki wani electrocardiogram kuma fara gudanar da magungunan da ke rage karfin jini.

Algorithm na kulawa na gaggawa don rikicewar hauhawar jini ya haɗa da pre-likita da ƙwararrun likita. A matakin pre-likita, duka mai haƙuri kansa da waɗanda ke kewaye da shi na iya taimakon kansu.

Za'a iya bambanta matakan magani masu zuwa kafin isowar motar asibiti ko kuma likitan halartar:

• Kira motar asibiti, likitanka ko fara jigilar haƙuri zuwa asibiti da kanka.
• Don sake tabbatarwa da mai haƙuri, ƙirƙirar yanayi mai natsuwa, cire haushi na waje.
• Zai fi kyau majinyaci ya zauna, ya runtse ƙafafunsa ƙasa, don kwance ƙyallen tufafi.
• Bude windows, kwantar da dakin.
• A sake gwada karfin jini, sai a yi amfani da tanomita don auna karfin.
• Tambaye mai haƙuri game da yanayin hauhawar jini, magungunan da aka karɓa. Wajibi ne a gano idan mutum ya sha giya, ko ya kasance yana firgitawar motsin rai ko kuma motsa jiki. Wannan bayanin zai zama da amfani ga likitoci don kafa tushen bincike da magani.
• Ba wa mara lafiyar magungunan rigakafinsa idan bai dauki kwayar a lokacin da ya dace ba.
• Madadin haka, zaku iya ba da magunguna masu hanzari - Captopril, Korinfar, Pharmadipine, Nifedipine, waɗanda ake amfani da su a ƙarƙashin harshe.
• Don kwantar da hankali za ku iya bayar da abubuwan maye - valerian, motherwort.
• Tare da mahimmancin tachycardia, tasirin warkewa yana da tausa sinus na carotid. Hanyar irin wannan karkatarwar ta kunshi shafawa a gefe na wuyansa a cikin yankin na jijiyoyin bugun carotid na mintina 10-15. A cikin yanayin cewa bugun ba ya raguwa, yin amfani da magunguna wajibi ne.

Idan mai haƙuri yana da ciwon kirji, gajeriyar numfashi kafin likitan ya isa, an ba shi izinin ɗaukar kwamfutar hannu na nitroglycerin a cikin sashi na 0.5 mg. Wannan magani ya fi dacewa don hana infarction na zuciya na zuciya.

Kafin isowar motar asibiti, an ba shi damar ɗaukar allunan 3 a tsaka-tsakin rabin sa'a tare da nitroglycerin a ƙarƙashin harshe. Tabbatar gyara lokacin shan maganin.

Me yakamata a tuna yayin jiyya?

Ofaya daga cikin mahimman ka'idoji don magani shine raguwar hankali a hankali, tun da ƙarfi sosai, musamman ma a cikin tsofaffi, na iya haifar da cin zarafin zubar jini zuwa gabobin.

Sabili da haka, ƙayyadaddun iyakar raguwa shine 25 bisa dari na matakin farko na 24 zuwa 48 hours.

Don rikice-rikice marasa rikitarwa, magani ya haɗu da amfani da allura ta wucin gadi da kula da maganganu na kwayoyi, tare da rikitarwa - gudanar da jiyya kawai.

Ana amfani da magunguna masu zuwa don magance rikicin:

1. Lasix ko Furosemide diuretic ne, ana amfani dashi intramuscularly don rage ƙarar jini yana yaduwa da rage matsa lamba.
2. Hakanan ana gudanar da Nifedipine ko Captopril, ana ba da magungunan da aka sha kafin su.
3. Kuna iya maimaita gabatarwar Nitroglycerin cikin jijiya yayin riƙe kirji.

Hakanan ana amfani da su magunguna kamar Magnesium sulfate, Dibazole, Papaverine, Eufillin.

Tare da ciwo mai zafi, Droperidol, Nitroxoline kuma za'a iya amfani dashi. Tare da haɓakar ciwo mai rikicewa, yana da kyau a gabatar da Seduxen, sulfate na magnesium. Za'a iya dakatar da tachycardia mai mahimmanci tare da beta - masu toshe, alal misali, Propranolol, Atenolol.

Kula da rikitarwa mai rikitarwa ya dogara da yanayin rikitarwa. Tare da encephalopathy na hypertensive, sodium nitroprusside, labetalol, nimodipine ana gudanar dasu. Tare da haɓaka bugun jini, yin amfani da Nimodipine, Enalaprilat, nitroprusside sodium wajibi ne.

Bayan cire alamun bayyanar da inganta yanayin haƙuri, ya kamata a ci gaba da magani a gida. Ci gaba da lura da hauhawar jini ya zama dole don hana rikice-rikice nan gaba. Bi da hanyoyin magani:

• gyara salon - dakatar da shan sigari, shan giya;
• rage cin abinci - ban da mai, soyayyen, abinci mai gishiri, fifiko ga 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, hatsi.

Of mahimmancin matsakaici shine motsa jiki aerobic matsakaici.

Hakanan an nuna magani na kwayoyi. ACE inhibitors, masu hana tashar alli, masu hana beta da angiotensin mai karɓar antagonists ana yawan amfani dasu. Ana ba wasu lokuta maganin diuretics don maganin ciwon sukari na 2, amma waɗannan kwayoyi na iya haifar da zubin sukari na jini.

Yadda ake bayar da taimako na farko ga matsalar hauhawar jini an bayyana shi a cikin bidiyo a wannan labarin.