Atherosclerosis na zuciya hanya ne da ake amfani dashi a cikin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin zuciya. Wannan yana haifar da mummunan aiki a cikin samar da jini zuwa myocardium.
Atherosclerosis shine mafi yawan dalilin mutuwa. Sau da yawa, cutar na tasowa a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, a matsayin rikitarwa na kullum hyperglycemia.
Kula da cutar ya zama mai dacewa, cikakken kuma tsayi. Amma kafin farawa magani, ya kamata ku fahimci kanku da abubuwan, sanadin, alamomin da halayen cutar.
Dalilai
Don fahimtar dalilin da yasa atherosclerosis ke faruwa, kuna buƙatar sanin tsarin ci gabanta. Da farko, ƙananan fasa suna buɗewa a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jiki, inda ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta take shiga tare da jini. Poarancin lipoproteins mai yawa yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban cutar, wanda ke haifar da karuwa a cikin jijiyoyin ƙwayar tsoka.
Rarraba abubuwa na triglycerides akan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki suna sauƙaƙa abubuwa daban-daban a cikin jiki. Wannan cuta ce a cikin ƙwayar cutar lipid ko ƙwaƙwalwar jini.
Bayan lokaci, tarawar mai a cikin tasoshin yana haifar da ƙirƙirar filayen atherosclerotic. Don haka lumen a cikin hanyoyin arteries, wanda ya ƙare da ɓangarensu ko cikakkiyar shinge.
Wannan yana haifar da yunwar oxygen da rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Kuma idan hypoxia na kullum yana faruwa a cikin tasoshin da ke haifar da zuciya, to cutar ischemic syndrome ta haɗu.
Don haka, babban dalilin cutar atherosclerosis na zuciya shine hypercholesterolemia. Amma akwai wasu dalilai waɗanda ke ƙara haɗarin haɓaka cutar:
- hauhawar jini;
- ciwon sukari mellitus da sauran cututtukan endocrine;
- rikicewar hormonal;
- cututtuka
- rashin abinci mai gina jiki;
- cutar hanta
- dabi'ar gado;
- kiba
- rashin aiki na jiki;
- shan taba
Hakanan, cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic na iya haɓakawa da asalin yanayin ilimin halin kirki da damuwa na yau da kullun. Abubuwan da ke haifar da takaici waɗanda ke kara haɗarin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya sun hada da tsufa. Masana ilimin halitta suna da tabbacin cewa alamun cututtukan atherosclerosis alama ce ta kai tsaye da ke nuna cewa cutar dementia ta faru.
Genetics sun gano cewa ba kawai balaga ba, har ma da jinsi, yana ƙara haɗarin cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic. Yawancin karatu sun tabbatar da cewa cutar sankarau sau da yawa tana faruwa ne a cikin maza.
Kuma a cikin mata, hadarin kamuwa da cutar yana ƙaruwa ne kawai bayan haila, lokacin da samar da kwayoyin halittun jima'i ya ragu sosai.
Matakan ci gaba da alamu
Atherosclerotic cututtukan zuciya da cutar jijiyar jini yana haɓaka cikin matakai. Akwai matakai 3 na cutar.
A matakin farko, ana yin jijiyar maraba, bayyanar wannene ya sauƙaƙe ta hanyar lalacewar yanayin jini da abin da ya faru na microcracks akan bangon jijiyoyin jini. Sau da yawa shimfidar wurare na atherosclerotic a cikin wuraren keɓaɓɓun tasoshin jirgin ruwa.
A matakin farko na cutar, ganuwar da ta lalace ta jijiya tana kwance kuma ta kumbura. Tsawon lokaci na matakan ya dogara da halaye na jikin mai haƙuri. Gano atherosclerosis a farkon matakin zai yiwu ne kawai tare da taimakon gwaji na microscopic.
Mataki na biyu na haɓakar cutar ana kiranta liposclerosis. An kwatanta shi da yaduwar ƙwayar haɗin haɗin kai a cikin yanki na tarin LDL a cikin jijiya na jijiya.
Hakanan an nuna filayen atheromatous, wanda ya hada da kyallen takarda mai kunshe da kasusuwa. Rage rikicewar abubuwa na haifar da toshewar jijiyoyin bugun gini da maimaituwar jijiyoyi.
Mataki na uku na atherosclerosis na zuciya yana haɗuwa tare da ƙari na salts na calcium a cikin plaque, wanda ke sa samuwar ta kasance mai yawa. Saboda haka, jiyya a matakin ƙarshe shine mafi wuya kuma mafi yawan lokuta tiyata ne.
Babban alama na atherosclerosis shine ciwon kirji, yana kama da farmaki na angina pectoris. Rashin damuwa wanda ke faruwa koyaushe ko lokaci-lokaci galibi ana jin shi a cikin ƙyallen kafada, wuya da hannu.
Wasu marasa lafiya sun lura cewa alama mai raɗaɗi na iya zama kwatsam, mai ƙonewa. Sau da yawa ana karkatar da shi a cikin rabin hagu na jiki kuma yana faruwa bayan damuwa ko aikin jiki.
Sauran bayyanar cututtuka na atherosclerosis na zuciya:
- ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwa da taro;
- Wata gabar jiki tayi sanyi sosai kuma ta zama mai fari-fari;
- rauni da tashin hankali;
- Dizziness
- zuciya tashin hankali;
- hyperhidrosis;
- karancin numfashi
- tashin zuciya
- wahalar hadiyewa;
- atonicity na gyara tsokoki na fuska.
Tare da cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic, wasu marasa lafiya suna korafi na hana aikin jima'i, ciwon kai na lokaci-lokaci. Wani lokacin wahala magana, chromate, kumburi daga cikin ƙananan ƙarshen.
Hakanan, yawancin marasa lafiya sau da yawa suna da barazanar tsoro wanda ke haifar da tsoron mutuwa.
Sakamakon
Cutar atherosclerotic cututtukan zuciya na iya haifar da tarin matsaloli. Kusan koyaushe, ana haɗuwa da hauhawar jini, wanda zai iya ba da gudummawa ga rikicewar hauhawar jini. Latterarshen yana ƙare da sauƙar myocardial infarction, huhun ciki, bugun jini da kuma encephalopathy (necrosis na kwakwalwa neurons).
Kusan koyaushe, a kan asalin cututtukan atherosclerosis na zuciya, cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan zuciya ke faruwa. An gano cutar ta hanyar maye gurbin myocardium tare da nama mai haɗuwa.
Aortic atherosclerosis da hauhawar jini na taimaka wa sabo. Sau da yawa wannan yana ƙare da katsewa daga cikin aorta.
Yayinda ABS ke ci gaba, yana raunana ƙwayar zuciya, wanda ke haifar da ci gaba na:
- myocardiosclerosis (yawan aiki na jijiya zuciya)
- arrhythmias (rudani a cikin rikicewar zuciya);
- angina pectoris (angina pectoris);
- raunin zuciya (rikice rikicewar mahalli).
Sanannen abu ne cewa cardioclerosis na bayan-infarction na iya haifar da nakasa. Bugu da ƙari, cutar atherosclerotic yana shafar zuciya ba kawai, har ma da sauran gabobin da tsarin. Yawancin lokaci waɗannan sune tasoshin kwakwalwa da ƙananan ƙarshen.
Don haka, tare da raunuka na farji-popliteal da iliac na sassan jijiyoyin kafafu, toshe atherosclerosis yana tasowa. Kuma idan filaye suka samar a cikin carotid arteries, brachiocephalic atherosclerosis yana faruwa, yawanci yakan haifar da bugun jini a cikin kwakwalwa. Amma mummunan haɗari na atherosclerosis shine mutuwar zuciya kwatsam.
Sakamakon mai mutuwa yana faruwa ne saboda kamuwa da zuciya wanda ya haifar da cikakkiyar shinge na jijiya.
Binciko
Da farko, likita ya tattara tarihin likita. Wannan ya zama dole don gano sanadin, abubuwan bayar da gudummawa, alamun cutar sankara.
Likitocin zuciya kuma suna gudanar da binciken gaba daya na mara lafiya. Za'a iya nuna kasancewar cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic ta hanyar cututtukan trophic a cikin ƙarshen, busa, canje-canje da nauyi da kuma sakamakon bincike mai hauhawa. Wani likita zai iya gano gunaguni na systolic a cikin tsinkayen aorta, hauhawar zuciya da hauhawar jini.
Don gano atherosclerosis na tasoshin zuciya, ana yin gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje. Musamman, yana da mahimmanci don yin furotin na lipid wanda ke ƙayyade rabo na lipoproteins da yawan triglycerides a cikin jini.
Hanyoyi mafi inganci don gano cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic sune bincike na kayan aiki, wanda ya haɗa da matakai masu zuwa:
- Gwajin damuwa - yana nuna yadda zuciya take amsawa ga aiki na zahiri.
- Electrocardiography - yana ɗaukar abubuwan sha'awar lantarki, yana bayyana rikicewar wurare dabam dabam.
- Angiography - yayin binciken, wani sabanin allurar ana allurar dashi a cikin jijiyoyin zuciya, wanda zai baka damar gano wuraren samar da kunkuntar.
- Toididdigar wasan kwaikwayo - yana yin X-ray na zuciya, yana nuna yanayin ƙwayar jijiya.
- Echocardiography - yana ba ku damar yin hoto na zuciya ta hanyar duban dan tayi, wanda ke ba da damar tantance kwatankwacin girman sashin jiki.
Magunguna da tiyata
A cikin cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic wanda hypercholesterolemia ya haifar, tushen tsarin kulawa da ra'ayin mazan jiya shine statins. Magungunan suna hana ɓoye magungunan enzymes na hepatic wanda ke da alhakin samar da cholesterol. Shahararrun magunguna daga wannan rukunin sune Rosuvastatin da Atorvastatin.
An sanya magungunan Nicotinic acid don haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Hakanan, tare da filayen atherosclerotic a cikin jijiyoyin jini, yana da buƙatar ɗaukar fibrates da ke lalata tasoshin mai a cikin tsarin jijiyoyin jini.
Ko da tare da atherosclerosis, ACE Inhibitors (Perindopril, Ramipril) ko beta-blockers (Losartan, Valsartan). Wadannan magungunan suna kawar da alamun bayyanuwar hauhawar jini, arrhythmias kuma suna hana ci gaban ABS.
Sauran magunguna da aka wajabta don cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic:
- Magungunan rigakafin ƙwayar cuta (Aspirin, Ticagrelor) - hana ƙwayoyin jini.
- Nitroglycerin - yana magance cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, wanda ke haɓaka samar da jini zuwa ƙwayar zuciya.
- Diuretics (Torasemide, Furosemide) - cire ruwa mai yawa daga jiki.
- Abubuwan da ke ciki na bitamin - ƙarfafa zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.
Idan babu tsammanin sakamako na maganin ƙwayar cuta, a cikin manyan maganganun lokacin da hadarin mutuwa ya karu, ana yin tiyata. Tare da atherosclerotic filaye a cikin jijiyoyin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, da yawa iri aiki ana amfani.
Hanya ta farko ita ce hanyar jijiyoyin zuciya wanda ke ba da gudummawa, wanda ke ba ka damar kirkirar wata hanya don inganta kwararar jini. Na biyu dabaru - intravascular stenting, ya haɗa da shigarwa a cikin yankin da ya shafa na stent, da fadada jijiyoyin bugun jini.
Hakanan, tare da cutar atherosclerotic, ana iya yin diyyar balloon. Babban mahimmancin fasaha shine an saka catheter a cikin artery tare da balanbaren balloon a ciki, wanda a hankali ke harba.
Idan dilatation ba zai yiwu ba, ana amfani da laser angioplasty.
Yayin aikin, likitan tiyata ya dawo da fasalin da kuma karfin aikin tasoshin da abin ya shafa ta hanyar laser.
Abincin da ake ci da magani na magani
Babban abinda yake haifar da ci gaban cutar atherosclerotic shine cholesterol mai hawan jini. Yawancin lokaci tarin LDL a cikin tasoshin yana haifar da rashin abinci mai gina jiki, mai yawa a cikin abinci mai cutarwa da mai. Sabili da haka, ana lura da tsarin abinci na musamman a matsayin muhimmin yanayi don murmurewa.
Da farko dai, zaku yi watsi da nama mai kitse (naman alade, agwagwa, rago) da kuma cin hanci (kwakwalwa, hanta). Hakanan yakamata a iyakance yawan cin, gishirin, duk wani kitse na asalin dabba. Haramcin ya hada da sausages, naman da aka sassaka, abincin naman alade, abinci mai sauri, abubuwan sha.
Tare da atherosclerosis, masana ilimin abinci sun ba da shawarar gabatar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cholesterol a cikin abincin yau da kullun:
- kayan lambu (cucumbers, tumatir, broccoli, zucchini, beets, radishes, karas);
- namomin kaza (namomin kaza);
- leda;
- 'ya'yan itatuwa (avocado, citrus' ya'yan itace);
- nama mai cin abinci (kaza, turkey, zomo, naman maroƙi);
- kwayoyi (almonds);
- mai kayan lambu wanda ba a bayyana ba;
- kifi (herring herring, tuna, hake);
- duk hatsi;
- low-fat mai kayayyakin samfuri.
A matsayin taimako na taimako ga ABS, ana iya amfani da wani girke-girke. Don ƙarfafawa na gaba ɗaya na tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, ana amfani da samfuran kudan zuma, 'ya'yan itatuwa da ƙwayaye da ƙwayaye. Tasirin sakamako yana da valerian, motherwort da Mint.
Calendula, horsetail, eleutherococcus, blackcurrant zasu taimaka kawar da arrhythmia. Lingonberry, Clover, faski, da hawthorn suna da tasirin diuretic.
Sakamakon tasirin atherosclerosis shine tincture na tafarnuwa, kwatangwalo na fure ko ganyayyaki. Babu ƙarancin tasiri shine adon ganyen strawberry da haɗuwa da zuma tare da lemun tsami.
Yadda ake tsabtace tasoshin abubuwan kwalliyar cholesterol an bayyana su a cikin bidiyo a wannan labarin.
