Menene ma'ana idan an sami gawar ketone a fitsari?

Jikin Ketone sune samfuran rayuwa wanda ke hade cikin hanta yayin rushewar kitse da samuwar glucose. A cikin mutum mai lafiya, ana samar da ketones a cikin adadi mai mahimmanci, ana raba shi da sauri kuma a keɓe shi yayin aikin urination, ba a gano shi ta hanyar gwajin al'ada ba.

Tare da haɓakar ƙwayoyin fitsari a cikin su, kwararrun sun yanke shawarar ganowar haƙuri na "ketonuria" - yanayin da ke buƙatar ƙara kulawa da dacewa.

Sanadin da tsarin bayyanar ketones

Ketones sune abubuwan haɗin kwayoyin:

• acetone;
• acid na acetoacetic;
• beta hydroxybutyric acid.

Babban dalilin yawan karuwar jikin ketone a cikin fitsari wani cin zarafi ne (watau haɓaka) na metabolism mai, haɗe tare da rage yawan abubuwan glucose, wanda ya zama dole don makamashi da jiki gaba ɗaya aiki. Menene ma'anar wannan?

Idan carbohydrates sun daina zuwa daga waje tare da abinci, hanyoyin da ake sarrafa glycogen reshen hanta sun lalace, ko sun lalace gaba ɗaya - jikin yana fara fitar da su daga adipocytes (ƙwayoyin mai), yana ƙaruwa da kuɗin lalata su.

Daidaitawa tsakanin raunin glucose da ketones yana canzawa zuwa na gaba, hanta ba ta da lokaci don kashe su kuma a ƙarshe akwai tarin jikin acetone a cikin jini da shigar su cikin fitsari - sabon abu na ketonuria (ko acetonuria) yana faruwa.

A wannan yanayin, ɗan ketonuria mai gajeru ne kuma m. Halin mutum ya zama na daidaiton kansa bayan wani lokaci na lokaci (muddin bashi da cututtukan da ke ɓoye).

Koyaya, mafi sau da yawa wannan sabon abu na iya haifar dashi ta hanyar manyan cututtuka.

Rashin lafiyar lipid da carbohydrate metabolism ana haifar da su ta hanyar cututtuka irin su:

1. Ciwon sukari mellitus (a wannan yanayin, babban matakan acetone jikin yana nuna haɗarin haɓakar cutar hyperglycemic coma).
2. Neoplasms da ciwan kumburi a cikin hanji (akwai cin zarafin shan kayan abinci a cikin narkewa).
3. Dysfunctions hanta (tare da hepatitis, barasa maye).
4. Kwayar cuta ta hoto tare da zazzabi (mura).
5. Malfunctions na thyroid gland shine yake (thyrotoxicosis ne halin da mahaukaci kara glucose metabolism), neoplasms a cikin adrenal gland (mai metabolism mai ne kara).
6. A cikin mata, ketonuria na iya zama sanadin lalacewa ta hanyar guba yayin mama (jikin mahaifiyar yana ba da duk kuzarin sa zuwa tayi).
7. Cututtuka na tsarin kewaya (anaemia, leukemia, da sauransu).

Bayyanar cututtuka na ci gaban cutar a cikin manya da yara

Bayyanar bayyanar cututtukan acetonuria basu da takamaiman hoto a farkon matakan ci gaban cutar.

Kwayar cutar yawanci suna kama da alamun bayyanar cututtuka na cuta na hanji:

1. Abincin mai haƙuri yana raguwa, abinci yana haifar da jin ƙiyayya.
2. Akwai tsalle mai tsayi a cikin alamun zafin jiki.
3. Bayan cin abinci, mai haƙuri ba shi da lafiya ko amai.

Nan gaba, idan mutum ya ci gaba da jinkirta ziyarar likita, akwai ƙarin halaye da alamomin bayyanannun:

1. Janar rauni, rage aiki, lethargy na tsokoki.
2. Furuciya (fatar jiki mara nauyi ce, bushe, cutarwa mai raɗaɗi azaba ana lura da ita a kan cheeks da cheekbones, an rufe harshe da ruwan shafa mai farin farin ko rawaya).
3. Bayyanar cututtuka na zalunci na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya a cikin nau'ikan mawuyacin hali, canji mai sauri a cikin lokacin shakatawa ta hanyar nutsuwa da rashin tausayi, a cikin manyan lokuta - har zuwa uparma.
4. Babbar hanta (ƙaddara ta bugun jini).
5. Kasancewar kamshin acetone (yana kama da ƙanshin 'ya'yan itace mai ɗorawa) daga cikin kogon baki da amai. Fitsari mara lafiya shima yana jin ƙwarin acetone.

A cikin yara ƙanana, ana ganin alamun masu zuwa:

1. Mummunar amai bayan kowane abinci (koda bayan shan ruwa), sakamakon hakan shine kin amincewa da abinci mai kauri, ba ruwa ba.
2. Cramping na ciki zafi.
3. Rage fata turgor, sautin tsoka.

Binciken hanji don acetone a gida

Mafi kyawun gwajin "gida" don gano acetone a cikin fitsari ana ɗaukar shi gwaji ne tare da ammoniya. A wannan yanayin, ana zubar da dropsan fari na ammoniya a cikin akwati tare da fitsari kuma ana lura da canji a launinta. Idan fitsari ya zama ja sosai, wannan yana nuna cewa gawar ketone a ciki.

Hakanan, sau da yawa, marasa lafiya suna amfani da gwaje-gwaje masu sauri na masana'antun daban-daban, waɗanda sune madaukai na musamman ko allunan tare da reagents waɗanda aka shafa akan su.

Don gwajin, ana amfani da sabon ruwan fitsari, wanda a ciki ana nuna takarda mai nuna alamar reno tare da wasu 'yan sakanni. Na gaba, kuna buƙatar jira 'yan mintoci kaɗan har zuwa ƙarshen lokacin da aka gwada kuma ku gwada launi na ƙarshe akan tsiri tare da sikelin misalai akan kunshin. Yawancin zafin launin, mafi girman abinda ketones ke cikin fitsari - da sabanin haka.

Game da amfani da kwamfutar gwaji, ana amfani da fitsari kai tsaye. A gaban jikin acetone, kwamfutar hannu zata canza launi.

Amma dole ne a tuna cewa cutar ketonuria a gida ba ta da fa'ida kuma abin dogara kamar ƙudurin ta a asibiti. Sau da yawa, yana iya ba da tabbatacciyar ƙarya ko sakamako mara kyau na ƙarya saboda mai haƙuri yana ɗaukar magunguna daban-daban (alal misali, angiotensin yana juya masu hana enzyme). An ba da shawarar aiwatar da alamun farko a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, kuma nan gaba, a ko da yaushe, kula da matakin acetone a gida - ta amfani da hanyoyin taimakon na sama.

Yadda za a cire acetone?

Da farko dai, ya zama dole a gudanar da cikakken binciken jikin mutum ta hanyar kwararrun likitocin da suka dace - sannan kuma a kasance karkashin ikonsa har zuwa karshen magani da wani lokaci bayan an kammala shi. Hanyoyin kwantar da hankali zasu bambanta sosai dangane da dalilin cutar.

Don haka, lokacin gano ciwon sukari, an wajabta wa mara lafiya allurar insulin don rage sukarin jini. Idan wannan ma'aunin ya zama isasshen (idan akwai wani yanayi mai saurin kamuwa da cutar ketonuria), to yawan insulin zai karu.

Babban yanayin ketonuria yana haɗuwa da acidosis kuma ya zama mai haɗari ga rayuwa, ba shi yiwuwa a dakatar da shi da kanka, sabili da haka ya zama dole a kira motar asibiti da magani a asibiti. A can, an yi wa mai haƙuri allurar kimiyyar lissafi don yaƙar fitsari, ana gudanar da magunguna, kuma ana amfani da maganin kashe ƙwari.

A gida, acetone an cire shi a cikin hanyoyi masu zuwa:

1. Sha yalwa. Zai fi kyau amfani da ruwan ma'adinai ko kayan girke-girke na ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa bushe. Idan mai haƙuri ba zai iya sha ba saboda tsoron amai, zaku iya ƙoƙarin bayar da ƙananan allurai na ruwa kowane minti 10-20 (yara ya kamata su gwada sha daga sirinji). Babu dalilin da yakamata ya kamata a kyale zazzabi mai tsananin rashin lafiya!
2. Yunwa a rana ta farko - don haka jiki zai iya magance maye da sauri.
3. Biye da abinci don akalla kwanaki masu zuwa.
4. Amfani da soda enemas da soda mafita don maganin baka.

Bayan kwanciyar hankali, yakamata a ga likitan ku nan da nan don karɓar ƙarin shawarwari.

A lokacin rikicin na gaba (kuma don rigakafinsa), yana da mahimmanci a bi abinci na musamman da aka daidaita.

Abincinta na kusanci ya ƙunshi abinci kamar:

• nama mai laushi (kaza, turkey, zomo, naman maroƙi da naman sa) a cikin tafasasshen nama ko stewed;
• yi jita-jita tare da babban ruwa mai ruwa - soups, broths (kayan lambu);
• nau'in kifi mai-kitse;
• hatsi, kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa;
• ruwan 'ya'yan itace, kayan ado, juices, compotes, jam.

A ranar farko ta rikici, ya fi kyau ka guji cin abinci, ka iyakance kanka ga yawan shan giya. Idan vata ba ya nan, zaku iya cin wasu 'yan fasa.

A rana ta biyu, an yarda da daskararrun mahaukata, yankan burodi, shinkafa ko kayan oat.

A rana ta uku da ta huɗu, an haɓaka abincin tare da hatsi ko ƙwayar grated, kayan lambu masu rauni da biscuits.

Nama mai da kifi, soyayyen nama mai arha, abinci mai sauri, kayan kamshi, kayan lemo, kayan gwangwani da madara mai tsami, abinci mai yaji da sabanin za a cire su na wani dan lokaci.

Wajibi ne a gabatar da abinci na yau da kullun, a cikin karamin rabo da kuma bi ka'idodin ka'idodin abinci mai dacewa.

Tsarin menu a kowane yanayi yana tattare daban-daban ta ƙwararrun masani, yin la'akari da dukkan bukatu da halayen mai haƙuri ɗaya.

Akwai dabaru da yawa da aka bayyana musamman ga mutanen da ke fama da acetonuria:

1. Tabbas mutane masu kiba zasu shirya wa kansu ranakun azumi - wannan yana rage hadarin matsalar acetone.
2. A gida, ya zama dole a adana kwatancen gwajin gwaji ko allunan gwaji - kuma a yayin taron alamun alamomi kamar, alal misali, ƙanshin acetone daga bakin ko dandano mai ƙanshi mai daɗi, nan da nan za a gudanar da bincike mai zaman kansa. Ana sayar da gwaje-gwaje a kowane kantin magani.
3. Musamman a hankali lura da yanayin yara - a yayin da akwai matsala, ya zama dole a kira motar asibiti.
4. Idan ketonuria ya bayyana kanta a cikin mai haƙuri tare da ciwon sukari na mellitus, yana buƙatar tuntuɓar likitansa da wuri don yanke shawara game da yiwuwar daidaita yanayin kashi na insulin da aka karɓa, kuma tattauna batun abincin - wannan zai taimaka hana ci gaban rikici.

Bidiyo daga Dr. Komarovsky game da matsalar acetonuria:

Bayyanan jikin ketone a cikin fitsari alama ce mai tsananin ganewar asali, wanda yakamata a ɗauke shi da cikakken nauyi. Idan kuna zargin ketonuria, yakamata ku nemi shawarar kwararru da wuri-wuri, wanda zaiyi duk gwaje-gwajen da suka dace, tattara wani aiki da kuma gudanar da cikakken bincike game da jikin don gano asirin da ke tattare da cutar wanda zai iya haifar da asarar ketones tare da fitsari.

Sai kawai hadaddun jiyya tare da saka idanu akai-akai na jikin acetone (a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje ko a gida) zai taimaka wa mai haƙuri ya jimre da cutar kuma ya guji rikicin acetone.