Ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce mai wuya wacce ba za a iya warke gabaɗaya ba. Koyaya, wannan baya nuna cewa mutum yana buƙatar samun gamsuwa game da cutar kuma baya ɗaukar matakai. Haka ne, yana yiwuwa gaba daya don magance cutar sankara, amma yana yiwuwa a iya sarrafa shi kuma ya hana ci gaba da rikice-rikice dangane da asalin sa. Kuma wannan yana buƙatar gwajin jini na yau da kullun, godiya ga wanda kowane mai ciwon sukari zai sami damar bi:
- ta yaya ƙwayar kansa ke aiki kuma ko yana da ƙwayoyin beta a jikinsa wanda yake yin insulin da yakamata don sarrafa glucose a cikin jini;
- yaya ingancin jiyya a halin yanzu;
- Shin rikitarwa ta haɓaka kuma yaya girman su yake.
Waɗanne gwaje-gwaje ne ya kamata a yi?
Tare da ciwon sukari, ana bada shawara don ɗaukar gwaje-gwaje a kai a kai:
- jini glucose;
- glycated haemoglobin;
- fructosamine;
- janar gwajin jini (KLA);
- gwajin jini na biochemical;
- bincike na fitsari gaba daya (OAM);
- tabbatar da microalbumin a cikin fitsari.
A layi daya tare da wannan, ana buƙata don yin cikakken bincike na lokaci-lokaci, wanda ya haɗa da:
- nazarin duban dan tayi na kodan;
- gwajin ophthalmic;
- dopplerography of veins da arteries na ƙananan ƙarshen.
Wadannan karatuttukan suna taimakawa wajen gano ba kawai mellitus na ciwon sukari na latent ba, amma har da haɓaka halayensa na rikice-rikice, alal misali, jijiyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, raguwar hangen nesa, raguwar ƙwayar cuta, da sauransu
Guban jini
Wannan gwajin jini ga masu ciwon suga yana da matukar muhimmanci. Godiya gareshi, zaku iya bin diddigin matakin glucose a cikin jini da fitsari. Ana aiwatar da wannan bincike a matakai 2. Na farko yana kan komai a ciki. Yana ba ku damar gano ci gaban ciwo kamar "sanyin alfijir", wanda haɓaka mai yawa ya ƙunshi yawan glucose a cikin jini a cikin yanki na 4-7 a safiya.
Amma don samun ƙarin abin dogara sakamako, ana aiwatar da kashi na biyu na binciken - ana sake bayar da gudumar jini bayan sa'o'i 2. Alamar wannan binciken na ba ka damar sarrafa ƙoshin abinci da gubar glucose ta jiki.
Wadannan gwaje-gwajen jini don masu ciwon sukari suna buƙatar yin kowace rana. Don yin wannan, ba kwa buƙatar gudu zuwa asibiti kowace safiya. Ya isa kawai ka sayi glucometer na musamman, wanda zai ba ka damar aiwatar da waɗannan gwaje-gwaje ba tare da barin gidanka ba.
Jinin jini
Glycated Hemoglobin
Gajere sunan - HbA1c. Ana gudanar da wannan binciken ne a cikin yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma ana ba shi sau 2 a shekara, muddin mara lafiya bai sami insulin ba, kuma sau 4 a shekara lokacin da ake yin jiyya tare da allurar insulin.
Ana ɗaukar jini na Venous azaman kayan nazarin halittu na wannan binciken. Sakamakon da ya nuna, masu ciwon sukari dole ne a rubuta su a littafin su.
Fructosamine
Don nau'in 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, ana bada shawarar wannan gwajin kowane mako 3. Tsarinodinta na zamani daidai yana ba ku damar bin tasirin magani da haɓakar rikice-rikice game da ciwon sukari. Ana gudanar da bincike a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma ana ɗaukar jini daga cikin lakar ciki na ciki don bincike.
Fructosamine na yau da kullun don ciwon sukari
Lokacin yanke wannan bincike, yana yiwuwa a gano rikice-rikice a cikin jikin mutum wanda ciwon sukari mellitus ya ƙunsa. Don haka, alal misali, idan mara lafiya yana da babban matakin fructosamine a cikin jijiyoyin jini, wannan na iya nuna cewa mai ciwon sukari yana da matsaloli tare da kodan ko hauhawar cututtukan thyroid. Idan wannan mai nuna alama yana ƙasa da al'ada, to wannan ya riga ya nuna rashin isasshen aikin thyroid da kuma yanayin tashin hankali na asali, harma da cigaban cutar sankarar mahaifa.
Jab
Babban gwajin jini yana ba ku damar nazarin alamun ƙididdigar abubuwan da ke cikin jini, saboda ku iya gano hanyoyin tafiyar matakai daban-daban waɗanda ke faruwa yanzu a cikin jikin mutum. Don bincike, ana ɗaukar jini daga yatsa. A nau'in 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, tarin kayan halitta yana gudana ne akan komai a ciki ko kuma nan da nan bayan cin abinci.
Yin amfani da UAC, zaku iya saka idanu kan waɗannan alamomi masu zuwa:
Binciken hanji don ciwon sukari- Hemoglobin. Lokacin da wannan alamar ke ƙasa da al'ada, wannan na iya nuna ci gaban ƙarancin iskar baƙin ƙarfe, buɗewar zubar jini a ciki da kuma keta alfarma cikin jini. Excessarfin yawa na haemoglobin a cikin ciwon sukari yana nuna rashin ruwa a jiki da rashin ruwa.
- Filatoci. Waɗannan jikunan ja ne waɗanda suke yin aiki mai mahimmanci - suna da alhakin matakin coagulation na jini. Idan maida hankali ya ragu, jinin zai fara ɗauka mara kyau, wanda hakan ke kara haɗarin buɗe zubar jini koda da ƙananan rauni. Idan matakin platelets ya zarce matsakaiciyar al'ada, to wannan tuni yana nuni da kara yawan coagulation na jini kuma yana iya nuna ci gaban ayyukan kara kuzari a jiki. Wani lokacin karuwa a wannan alamar alama ce ta tarin fuka.
- Kwayoyin farin jini. Su masu tsaron lafiya ne. Babban aikinsu shine ganowa da kawar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta daga ƙasashen waje. Idan, bisa ga sakamakon binciken, an lura da wuce haddi, to wannan yana nuna ci gaban mai kumburi ko hanyoyin ci gaba a jikin mutum, kuma yana iya nuna alamar ci gaba da cutar kuturta. Rage matakin leukocytes, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana lura dashi bayan bayyanar hasken rana kuma yana nuna raguwa a cikin kariya ta jiki, wanda hakan yasa mutum ya zama mai saurin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban.
- Karyawanine. Mutane da yawa sukan rikitar da wannan mai nuna alama tare da matakin sel sel jini, amma a zahiri yana nuna rashi na jini da jikunan jini a cikin jini. Idan matakin jinin haiatocrit ya tashi, to wannan yana nuna ci gaban erythrocytosis, idan ya ragu, anemia ko hauhawar jini.
Norms na maza da mata
Ana shawarar KLA don ciwon sukari don ɗaukar a kalla 1 lokaci a shekara. Idan aka lura da rikice-rikice akan asalin wannan cutar, ana gabatar da wannan bincike sosai sau da yawa - sau 1-2 a cikin watanni 4-6.
Magungunan jini
Abubuwan binciken kwayoyin sunadarai koda sun bayyana hanyoyin ɓoye da ke faruwa a jikin mutum. Don binciken, ana ɗaukar jinin venous a kan komai a ciki.
Gwajin jini na biochemical yana baka damar waƙa da alamun masu zuwa:
- Matsayin glucose. Lokacin da ake bincika jinin venous, sukari jini bai wuce 6.1 mmol / L ba. Idan wannan manuniya ya wuce waɗannan dabi'u, to zamu iya magana game da ƙarancin glucose.
- Glycated haemoglobin. Matakan wannan alamar ana iya ganowa ba kawai ta hanyar wuce HbA1c ba, har ma da amfani da wannan bincike. Manuniyar ba da ƙwayoyin cuta suna ba ka damar ƙayyade hanyoyin dabarun magani na nan gaba. Idan matakin cutar haemoglobin ya wuce 8%, to, za'ayi gyaran jiyya. Ga mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari, matakan gemoclobin da ke ƙasa da 7.0% ana ɗaukarsu al'ada ne.
- Cholesterol. Ta maida hankali ne a cikin jini ba ka damar sanin jihar na mai metabolism a cikin jiki. Kwayar cholesterol tana ƙara haɗarin thrombophlebitis ko thrombosis.
- Nazarce mai sanyi. Yawancin ƙaruwa a cikin wannan alamar ana lura da mafi yawan lokuta tare da haɓakar ciwon sukari na dogaro da mellitus, tare da kiba da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.
- Lipoproteins. A cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, waɗannan ƙididdigar yawanci suna zama al'ada. Slightarin ɓacewa kawai daga al'ada za'a iya lura dashi, wanda baya haɗari ga lafiya. Amma tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, ana lura da hoto mai zuwa - ƙarancin lipoproteins mai yawa, kuma ana rage girman lipoproteins mai yawa. A wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar gyaran gaggawa da gaggawa. In ba haka ba, mummunan matsalolin kiwon lafiya na iya faruwa.
- Insulin Matsayinsa yana ba ku damar saka idanu kan adadin kuzarin ku na jini. A cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, wannan nuna alama koyaushe yana ƙasa da al'ada, kuma a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, ya kasance a cikin kewayon al'ada ko dan kadan ya zarce shi.
- C peptide. Manuni mai mahimmanci wanda yake ba ka damar kimanta ayyukan ƙwayar cutar huhu. A cikin DM 1, wannan nuna alama shima yana da ƙananan ƙarancin ka'idoji ko daidai yake da sifili. Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, matakin C-peptides a cikin jini, a matsayin mai mulkin, al'ada ne.
- Pecide Pancreatic. Tare da ciwon sukari, sau da yawa ba a yin la'akari da shi. Babban ayyukanta sune ke sarrafa samar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace ta hanji don lalata abinci.
Ya kamata a ɗauki gwajin jini na ƙwayar cuta ga masu ciwon sukari aƙalla 1 lokaci cikin watanni 6
OAM
Don samun cikakken ƙididdigar matsayin lafiyar masu ciwon sukari, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar gwajin jini da fitsari a lokaci guda. OAM yana mika wuya 1 lokaci a cikin watanni 6 da kuma yadda OAK zai ba ku damar gano hanyoyin ɓoye daban-daban a cikin jiki.
Wannan bincike yana ba ku damar kimantawa:
- kadarorin fitsari, asalinta, yanayin bayyanawa, kasancewar laka, da sauransu.
- kayan sunadarai na fitsari;
- takamaiman nauyi na fitsari, wanda a cikin sa zaka iya sanin yanayin kodan;
- furotin, glucose da matakan ketone.
Eterayyade microalbumin a cikin fitsari
Wannan bincike yana ba mu damar gano matakai na cututtukan zuciya a cikin kodan a farkon haɓaka. Yana sallama kamar haka: da safe mutum yana fitar da mafitsara, kamar yadda ya saba, kuma wasu sassan fitsari uku masu zuwa ana tattara su a cikin akwati na musamman.
Idan aikin kodan ya zama al'ada, ba a gano microalbumin kwatankwacin fitsari ba. Idan akwai riga matsala game da haihuwa, to matakin nata yana ƙaruwa sosai. Kuma idan yana cikin kewayon 3-300 mg / rana, to wannan yana nuna mummunar keta a cikin jiki da kuma buƙatar gaggawa na magani.
Dole ne a fahimci cewa cutar sankarau cuta ce da za ta iya tarwatsa jiki baki ɗaya kuma ta lura da hanyarta tana da matukar muhimmanci. Saboda haka, kar a manta da isar da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje. Wannan ita ce kadai hanyar da za a magance wannan cutar.
