Microangiopathy a cikin ciwon sukari

Microangiopathy wani rauni ne na ƙananan tasoshin jini (venules, arterioles, capillaries). A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, wannan sabon abu yana faruwa ne saboda canje-canje na cututtukan jini a cikin jini da manyan matakan sukari a ciki. Vesselsan ƙananan jiragen ruwa sun zama ƙwaƙwalwa, wasu daga cikinsu suna girma sosai, wasu suna zama masu kauri ko bakin ciki. Duk wannan yana haifar da keta ayyukan wannan sashin, zagayen jini wanda suke bayarwa. Abin da ya sa ciwon sukari microangiopathy wani rikice-rikice ne mai rikitarwa wanda yake mafi kyawun hanawa fiye da magani.

Iri Rashin Jijiyoyin jiki

Ya danganta da fassarar tasoshin da abin ya shafa, nau'ikan cututtukan da sukafi kama sune:

• nephropathy;
• ma'asumi
• microangiopathy na ƙananan ƙarshen.

Tare da nephropathy, canje-canje na cututtukan cututtukan cuta yana shafar kusan duk ƙananan tasoshin ƙodan. Tare da wannan, har ila yau ana shafar manyan jijiyoyin wuya, wanda ke haifar da aiki da keɓaɓɓe ga wannan sashin kwayoyin. Tsarin metabolism na gida bashi da wadataccen aiki, kyallen takarda da sel basa karbar isasshen oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki. Bugu da ƙari ga canje-canje na jijiyoyin jiki, tare da nephropathy, tsarin tacewa da kuma tsarin da ke tattare da aiwatarwa (tubules da glomeruli) suna wahala.

Retinopathy rauni ne na retina. Vesselsanan tasoshin jirgin ruwa a wannan yanki suna da alhakin samar da jini na yau da kullun zuwa mahimman abubuwan haɗin gabobi, don haka canje-canje masu raɗaɗi suna cutar da mutum ya gani. Dangane da mataki na retinopathy, bayyanar cututtuka na iya zama duka ƙanana da tsoratarwa ga mai haƙuri. Mafi kyawun sakamako na microangiopathy na ido shine makanta; saboda haka, masu ciwon sukari suna buƙatar gwajin ido na yau da kullun.

Canje-canje a cikin tasoshin ƙananan ƙarshen sune ɗayan abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaban cututtukan ƙafafun ciwon sukari. Take hakkin jini wurare, jijiya kai kai ga isasshen abinci mai gina jiki na tsokoki na kafafu, don haka wadannan kyallen takarda rasa su al'ada sautin da kuma roba. Fata a kan ƙananan ƙarshen ya bushe, kowane fashe da karce-juye sun juya zuwa ƙofar ƙofar don kamuwa da cuta. Lalacewa ga fata na ƙafafu ya warkar da lokaci mai tsawo kuma yana da wahala, mutum zai iya jin rauni na trophic ulcers. Mafi rikitarwa rikitarwa na rashin lafiyar angiopathy na ƙananan ƙarshen shine gangrene, wanda ke haifar da ɗayan ko yankewa ko mutuwa.

Sanadin faruwa

Microguiopathy na ciwon sukari na faruwa ne sakamakon cin zarafin microcirculation na jini, sakamakon abin da jiragen ke rasa oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki. Rashin damuwa a cikin ƙwayoyin carbohydrate wanda ke haifar da ciwon sukari yana haifar da aiki mara kyau na membranes da ganuwar capillaries, arterioles da venules, saboda waɗannan abubuwa masu tsarin ma suna dauke da carbohydrates.

Microangiopathy na iya haɓakawa a kowane haƙuri, ba tare da la'akari da irin ciwon sukari da shekarun da mai haƙuri ya kamu da cutar ba

Sakamakon ciwon sukari, samfuran samfurori na furotin suna tarawa a cikin jinin mai haƙuri, wanda yakamata a keɓe shi daga jiki. Wannan yana haifar da canje-canje a cikin kaddarorin jini da kuma murɗa ganuwar ƙananan tasoshin. Mafi sau da yawa, microangiopathy yana faruwa a cikin shekaru 10-15 na hanyar ciwon sukari, amma akwai kuma lokuta na saurin haɓakar ƙwayar cuta a cikin shekaru 1-2 daga farawar rikicewar endocrin. Abin da ya sa gaba ɗaya duk marasa lafiya sun fada cikin rukuni mai haɗari, kuma don kula da lafiyar su suna buƙatar sauraren jikinsu a hankali kuma ziyarci likita a kan lokaci.

Kwayar cutar

A farkon farkon ci gaban tsarin cututtukan cututtukan cuta (ba tare da la’akari da wurin zama ba), alamomin ba su da muhimmanci sosai har mutum ya ƙi kula da su. Idan muna magana ne game da matsaloli tare da tasoshin ƙafafun kafafu, to alamomin su na farko na iya zama tingling ko kuma jin numbasa.

Yayin da ake ci gaba da binciken lafiyar mai haƙuri, alamun da ke ƙasa suna fara damuwa:

• jawo raɗaɗi a cikin kafafu;
• karuwa gajiya;
• kumburi;
• ƙarancin bushewar fata na ƙafafu da kafafu;
• asarar gashi a wannan yanki;
• katsewa
• asarar zafin jiki da (ko) raunin jin zafi;
• samuwar cututtukan cututtukan trophic wadanda suke da wuyar magani.

Kafafu masu haƙuri sau da yawa suna zama sanyi har ma a lokacin zafi saboda karancin wurare dabam dabam na jini. Baya ga matsaloli tare da ƙananan jiragen ruwa, jijiyoyi da manyan jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyin jiki suna jawo su cikin aikin. Saboda wannan, launin fata na ƙafafu na iya jujjuya ko ya zama mai shunayya, cyanotic. Rashin kiyaye ka'idodin tsabta na mutum, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya kara dagula lamarin kuma ya zama abin ƙarfafawa ga ci gaban cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya. Tsaftace ƙafafunku da tsabta shine ɗayan manyan ka'idojin rayuwa don masu ciwon sukari.

A yawancin cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya akwai "kabad na ƙwallon ƙafa" a cikinsu wanda za a gwada mara lafiyar don ƙwarewar ƙafafu kuma a tantance yanayin gaba ɗaya.

Retinopathy a farkon farkon a zahiri ba ya jin kansa, kodayake lokacin da likitan ophthalmologist ya bincika, irin wannan mara lafiya yana iya samun canje-canje. Sau da yawa, marasa lafiya suna danganta irin waɗannan bayyanar don gajiya, kuma kada ku haɗa mahimmancin su. Da farko, kananan “kwari” ko kuma kyandir na iya bayyana a gaban idanun, amma iyawar gani, a matsayin mai mulkin, baya wahala. Sannan mutumin ya lura cewa yana da wahala a gare shi yayi aiki a kwamfuta, ya karanta ya kuma rubuta (idanun sa sun gaji sosai sannan kuma hangen nesa yana raguwa). Kwayar cutar ta kara dagulewa yayin da retina ke kara lalacewa, kuma idan ba ka tuntuɓi likita a kan lokaci ba, to, barazanar makanta tana ƙaruwa.

Zai yi wuya a tuhume nephropathy a farkon haɓakar sa, saboda ana iya bayyana shi ta kasancewar kasancewar furotin a cikin fitsari (ana iya gano wannan ta hanyar ƙaddamar da bincike). Lokacin da lalacewar koda ya zama mai faɗi da ƙwayar cuta, mutum na iya tayar da hankali da edema, tsalle-tsalle a cikin jini, urination mai ƙanshi, warin ammoniya daga bakin da rauni a koyaushe.

Binciko

Jiyya na ciwon sukari ƙafafun zuciya

Don tabbatar da gano cutar microangiopathy na ƙananan ƙarshen, binciken likita, gwajin jini na gwaje-gwaje da kuma raayoyin suna da muhimmanci. Hakanan za'a iya bincika ƙaramin jirgin ruwa da manyan kafafu ta amfani da Doppler (duban dan tayi launi). A wasu yanayi, za a iya ba da MRI ko ƙididdigar na'urar ta Tomography don fayyace batutuwan da ke rikitarwa. Don samun ingantaccen hoto, ana ba da shawarar mai haƙuri sau da yawa don yin irin wannan binciken tare da wakilin bambanci, wanda ke haɓaka bayyanawar hoton.

Tare da nephropathy a cikin babban binciken fitsari, sau da yawa ana samun canje-canje wanda ya zama dalilin ƙarin ciwo mafi mahimmanci.

Eterayyade rikicewar jijiyoyin jiki a cikin kodan ta amfani da duban dan tayi, raayoyin, MRI. Don tantance yanayin ƙarancin retina da kuma gano farkon maganin ashin mahaifa, mai haƙuri yana buƙatar yin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun ta likitan likitan ido. Baya ga shawara da nazari, likita sau da yawa yana amfani da hanyoyi na kayan aiki don nazarin kayan ƙwalƙwalwa, akan abin da ya yanke ƙoshin magana game da kasancewar ko rashin canje-canje na cututtukan cuta.

Jiyya

Jiyya na microangiopathy a cikin ciwon sukari ya dogara da ƙaddamar da tsarin ilimin cuta. Yana da matukar wahala a dakatar da farawar retinopathy, matsaloli tare da tasoshin kafafu ko nephropathy, amma har yanzu yana yiwuwa a rage jinkirin ci gaba kadan. Babban abubuwanda ake amfani dasu na lura da duk cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki a jikin mutum shine kiyaye sukari na jini a matakin manufa da kuma bin tsarin abinci. Ba tare da wannan ba, babu hanyoyin gida da magunguna na taimako waɗanda zasu taimaka ko kawo sakamako mai ɗorewa.

Don daidaita yanayin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a cikin retina, ana iya tsara mai haƙuri ta hanyar saukaka zubar da kwayar ido, bitamin da kuma tausa mai saukin shafawa. Irin waɗannan hanyoyin ba za su kawar da matsalar gaba ɗaya ba, amma zai rage ci gaba da ci gaba. Tare da nephropathy, yana da mahimmanci a bi abinci, barin gishiri da furotin mai yawa, da sarrafa hawan jini. Tare da hauhawar hauhawar jini, mai haƙuri dole ne ya ɗauki magungunan antihypertensive (alal misali, masu hana ACE).

A cikin lura da rikicewar jijiyoyin kafafu na kafafu, yana da mahimmanci a kula da nauyi kuma a hana kiba

Babban taro na jikin mutum yayi mummunan tasiri kan yanayin ƙananan ƙarshen, tunda a wannan yanayin suna da nauyi mai yawa. Matsakaitan wasanni da tafiya mai tsayi suna da mahimmanci don haɓaka kwararar jini, haɓaka haɓakar nama da haɓaka tafiyar matakai na rayuwa. Massage kai da kullun motsa jiki yana rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar ciwon sukari. Wani lokaci ana iya tsara mai haƙuri ta hanyar hanyoyin motsa jiki da kayan shafawa don aikace-aikacen Topical, wanda ke inganta yanayin kyallen takarda mai laushi da jijiyoyin jini.

Yin rigakafin

Hanya mafi inganci don hana kowane rikicewar jijiyoyin bugun jini shine kula da sukari na jini a matakin manufa. A saboda wannan, yana da mahimmanci a bi cin abinci, a ci jarabawa da aka shirya ta hanyar endocrinologist akan lokaci, kuma a ɗauki gwajin jini.

Hakanan, don rigakafin, yana da matukar kyau:

• daina shan sigari da shan barasa;
• iyakance adadin gishiri da aka yi amfani da shi;
• akai-akai duba matakin cholesterol a cikin jini kuma, idan ya cancanta, runtse shi;
• jagoranci salon rayuwa mai aiki;
• sarrafa hawan jini, hana hakoransa mai kaifi.

Ciwon sukari mellitus, ba shakka, yana shafar yanayin tasoshin jini, kuma kusan ba shi yiwuwa a hana canje-canje mara kyau a cikinsu. Amma lokacin da ake gano matsaloli a matakin farko, mutum na iya hana ci gaba da tabarbarewa. Tsarin rayuwa mai kyau da kuma bin shawarar likitocin da ke halartar sun ba da dama ga masu ciwon sukari su manta da rikice-rikicen cutar na dogon lokaci.