Ciwon sukari mellitus babbar matsala ce ta kiwon lafiya da zamantakewa wacce ke samun karuwa a kowace shekara. Saboda yaduwar ta, ana ɗaukar wannan cuta a matsayin annoba mai ƙwayar cuta.
Hakanan akwai raunin haɓaka yawan masu haƙuri da wannan cuta da ke da alaƙa da aikin kumburin ƙwayar cuta.
Zuwa yau, a cewar WHO, cutar ta shafi kusan mutane miliyan 246 a duniya. Dangane da kintace, wannan adadin na iya ninki biyu.
Ana haɓaka mahimmancin zamantakewar matsalar ta hanyar cewa cutar tana haifar da tawaya da rashin mutuwa sakamakon canje-canjen da ba a iya juyawa da suka bayyana a cikin tsarin jijiyoyin jini ba. Yaya tsananin zafin cutar sankarau a duniya?
Statisticsididdigar ciwon sukari na duniya
Ciwon sukari mellitus shine yanayin cutar sanƙarau.
A yanzu, ba a san ainihin musabbabin wannan cutar ba. Zai iya bayyana lokacin da aka samo wata lahani da ke cutar da aiki na al'ada na ginin sel.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da bayyanar wannan cutar ana iya danganta su da: mummunan rauni da haɗari na cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na wani yanayi mai narkewa, hauhawar wasu glandar endocrine (pituitary, adrenal gland, glandar thyroid), sakamakon abubuwan guba da cututtuka. A cikin dogon lokaci, an gano cutar sankarau a matsayin babban hadarin dake tattare da bayyanar cututtuka daga tsarin jijiyoyin jini.
Sakamakon bayyanar halaye na yau da kullun na jijiyoyin bugun gini, bugun zuciya, kwakwalwa ko rikice rikice na tasowa wanda ya samo asali daga yanayin kulawa da hauhawar jini, ana ɗauka ciwon sukari azaman cuta na ainihi.
Cutar sankarau sau da yawa yakan haifar da cututtuka na tsarin zuciya
A cikin Turai, akwai kusan mutane miliyan 250 masu ciwon sukari. Haka kuma, babban adadin bashi da shakkun kasancewar wata cuta a cikin kansa.
Misali, a Faransa, kiba tana faruwa a cikin kusan mutane miliyan 10, wanda shine kan gaba ga ci gaban nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Wannan cuta tana haifar da bayyanar rikitarwa mara kyau, wanda kawai ke kara dagula lamarin.
Isticsididdigar Cutar Kwayar Duniya:
- shekara kungiyar. Nazarin da masana kimiyya suka gudanar ya nuna cewa ainihin cutar siga tana da yawa sosai fiye da lokacin da aka rubuta 3.3 sau don marasa lafiya masu shekaru 29-38, sau 4.3 don shekaru 41-48, 2.3 sau na 50 -58 mai shekaru da kuma 2.7 sau na shekaru 60-70;
- jinsi Saboda halayen dabi'a, mata suna fama da ciwon sukari fiye da maza. Nau'in cutar ta farko tana bayyana ne a cikin mutane underan ƙasa da shekara 30. Mafi yawan lokuta mata ne ke fama da hakan sau da yawa. Amma nau'in na biyu na ciwon sukari kusan ana gano shi a cikin mutanen da ke da kiba. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ba su da lafiya ga mutanen da suka wuce shekaru 44;
- raunin ya faru. Idan muka yi la’akari da ƙididdiga a kan ƙasarmu, za mu iya yanke hukuncin cewa a tsawon lokacin daga farkon 2000 zuwa ƙare a shekara ta 2009, abin da ya faru tsakanin alƙarya ya kusan ninki biyu. A matsayinka na mai mulki, yafi zama nau'in ciwo na biyu wanda bashi da lafiya. A duk duniya, kusan 90% na masu ciwon sukari suna fama da nau'in cuta na biyu wanda ke da alaƙa da aikin ƙwaƙwalwa mara kyau.
Amma yawan ciwon sukari ya karu daga 0.04 zuwa 0.24%. Wannan shi ne saboda duka karuwa a cikin yawan mata masu juna biyu dangane da manufofin zamantakewar kasashen, wanda aka yi niyyar kara yawan haihuwa, da kuma gabatar da farkon binciken gwajin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.
Idan muka yi la’akari da ƙididdigar bayyanar wannan cuta a cikin yara da matasa, zamu iya samun lambobi masu ban tsoro: galibi cutar tana shafar yara daga shekaru 9 zuwa 15.
Yankin rikitarwa a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari
Ciwon sukari matsala ce ba kawai kasarmu ba, har ma ta duka duniya. Yawan masu ciwon sukari yana ƙaruwa kowace rana.
Idan muka mai da hankali ga ƙididdiga, zamu iya yanke hukunci cewa a duk faɗin duniya, kusan mutane miliyan 371 ke fama da wannan cuta. Kuma wannan, a karo na biyu, daidai yake da kashi 7.1% na yawan duk duniya.
Babban dalilin yaduwar wannan cuta ta endocrine shine canjin asali na rayuwar. A cewar masana kimiyya, idan yanayin bai canza zuwa mafi kyawu ba, to nan da misalin 2030 yawan marasa lafiya zai karu da yawa.
Matsayin kasashen da ke da yawan masu ciwon sukari sun hada da masu zuwa:
- Indiya Kimanin kara miliyan 51
- Kasar Sin - miliyan 44;
- Amurka ta Amurka - 27;
- Tarayyar Rasha - 10;
- Brazil - 8;
- Jamus - 7.7;
- Pakistan - 7.3;
- Japan - 7;
- Indonesia - 6.9;
- Meziko - 6.8.
An sami yawancin adadin abin da ya faru a Amurka. A cikin wannan ƙasa, kusan 21% na yawan jama'a suna fama da ciwon sukari. Amma a cikin ƙasarmu, ƙididdigar ba ta da ƙima - kusan 6%.
Koyaya, duk da cewa a ƙasarmu matakin cutar ba ta yi kama da na Amurka ba, masana sun yi hasashen cewa nan ba da dadewa ba alamu za su iya kusantar Amurka. Don haka, za a kira cutar da annoba.
Nau'in nau'in 1, kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, yana faruwa ne a cikin mutanen da ba su wuce 29 ba. A cikin ƙasarmu, cutar tana hanzari ta zama ƙarami: a daidai wannan lokacin ana samun ta a cikin marasa lafiya daga 11 zuwa 17 shekara.
Lambobi masu fashewa ana bayar dasu ta hanyar ƙididdigar mutane game da waɗancan mutane da suka wuce jarabawa.
Kimanin rabin mutanen da ke cikin duniyar ba su ma san cewa cutar tana cikin jiransu ba. Wannan ya shafi gado. Cutar na iya ci gaba asymptomatally na dogon lokaci, ba tare da tsokani babu alamun zazzabin cizon sauro. Haka kuma, a cikin yawancin ƙasashe masu ci gaban tattalin arzikin duniya cutar ba koyaushe ake bincikar cutar ta daidai ba.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa ana ganin yaduwar kamuwa da cuta sosai a cikin ƙasashen Afirka, a nan ne mutane masu yawan gaske waɗanda ba su yi jarrabawar musamman ba tukuna. Duk dalilan ya ta'allaka ne a matakin ƙarancin karatu da jahilci game da wannan cutar.
Yaduwar rikice-rikice a cikin mutane tare da nau'ikan cututtukan guda biyu
Rashin ingantaccen magani zai zama dole ya bayyana kansa cikin duka rikitarwa masu haɗari, waɗanda aka kasu kashi da yawa cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi: m, marigayi da na kullum.Kamar yadda kuka sani, matsanancin rikice-rikice na iya kawo ƙarin matsaloli.
Suna haifar da babbar barazana ga rayuwar ɗan adam. Waɗannan sun haɗa da jihohin waɗanda cigaban su ke faruwa akan ɗan lokaci kaɗan.
Zai iya zama hoursan awanni. Yawanci, irin waɗannan bayyanar suna haifar da mutuwa. A saboda wannan dalili, ya zama dole a samar da ingantaccen taimako kai tsaye. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa na gama gari don rikitarwa masu rikitarwa, kowannensu ya bambanta da na baya.
Matsalolin cututtukan da suka fi yawa sun hada da: ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, hyperosmolar coma, lactic acidosis coma, da sauransu.Sakamakon daga baya ya bayyana a cikin 'yan shekaru na rashin lafiya. Laifar su ba ta bayyana bane, amma a zahiri cewa a hankali suna dagula yanayin mutum.
Ko da magani na ƙwararru ba koyaushe yake taimaka ba. Sun haɗa da kamar: retinopathy, angiopathy, polyneuropathy, har ma da ciwon sukari.
Ana lura da rikice-rikice na yanayin rashin rayuwa a cikin shekaru 11-16 na ƙarshe na rayuwa.
Ko da tare da tsananin kiyaye duk abubuwan da ake buƙata don magani, jijiyoyin jini, gabobin tsarin motsa jiki, fata, tsarin jijiyoyi, harma da zuciya suna wahala. A cikin wakilan da ke da karfi na jima'i, rikice-rikicen da suka bayyana akan asalin hanyar ciwon sukari mellitus ana gano su sosai akai-akai fiye da na mata.
Latterarshe suna wahala fiye da sakamakon irin wannan matsala ta endocrine. Kamar yadda muka fada a baya, cutar tana haifar da bayyanar rikice rikice masu alaƙa da aikin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Mutanen da suka yi ritaya yawanci suna fama da makanta, wanda ke faruwa saboda kasancewar cutar tarin fuka.
Amma matsalolin koda suna haifar da gazawar lafiyar koda. Sanadin wannan cutar kuma na iya zama mai fama da ciwon suga.
Kimanin rabin dukkanin masu ciwon sukari suna da rikice-rikice waɗanda ke shafar tsarin juyayi. Daga baya, neuropathy ya tsokani bayyanar da raunin hankali da lalacewar ƙananan ƙarshen.
Sakamakon canje-canje masu girma da ke faruwa a cikin ƙwayar jijiya, wani rikitarwa kamar ƙafar mai ciwon sukari na iya bayyana a cikin mutanen da ke fama da rauni na hanji. Wannan wani lamari ne mai hatsarin gaske, wanda ke da alaƙa da kai tsaye ga keta tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Sau da yawa yana iya haifar da yankan kafa.
Bidiyo masu alaƙa
Wannan bidiyon yana tattauna cikakken bayani, nau'ikan, hanyoyin magani, alamu da ƙididdigar ciwon sukari:
Idan kuna da ciwon sukari, bai kamata ku yi watsi da magani ba, wanda ya ƙunshi ba kawai magunguna na musamman ba, har ma da ingantaccen abinci mai daidaitawa, motsa jiki da ƙin shaye-shaye (wanda ya haɗa da shan sigari da barasa). Hakanan lokaci-lokaci kana buƙatar ziyarci likitancin endocrinologist da kuma likitan zuciya don gano ainihin yanayin lafiyar.
