Babban ra'ayin tsarin da hanta
Ta hanyar girman girmanta da nauyinta, hanta itace jagora tsakanin gabobin jikin mutum. Yawan nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 1.5, ana lissafin ayyukan a cikin dubun yawa, da kuma halayen da ake ci gaba da faɗi - cikin ɗaruruwan. Zuciya kawai ke ikirarin mafi mahimmanci. Cikakken gazawar hanta yana haifar da mutuwar mutum a cikin kwana ɗaya zuwa kwana biyu, kuma ɓarna yana bayyana ta hanyar mummunan cututtuka da rashin aiki a cikin sauran tsarin jikin.
Kalmar hanta ta fito ne daga kalmar aikatau "tanda." Zazzabi a cikin kyallen kwayoyin ya kai digiri 39, amma asalin sunan yana da wuyar bin sawu. Ba zai yiwu ba cewa kakanninmu na nesa suna iya auna matakin zafin jiki, kodayake a tsohuwar duniya mutane sun riga sun san game da aikin hanta a jiki. Magungunan zamani sunyi nazari dalla-dalla game da abu da kansa da kuma ayyukanta.
An raba hanta zuwa kashi 4:
- manyan lobes biyu - dama da hagu,
- ƙarami biyu - murabba'i da ɓawon, mafi kusa da bayan.
Jikin ɗan adam ya ƙunshi sel - hepatocytes, harhada zuwa daruruwan dubban lobules 1-2 mm a girma. The lobules suna kewaye da tasoshin jini, wanda jini yake gudana daga babban faifin fayafa da kuma jijiyarsa ta hepatic. Motsa jini yana da ƙarfi, yana ci gaba kuma yana faruwa cikin sauri na kimanin lita ɗaya a minti. Tsakanin hepatocytes sune bileic canaliculi wanda ke gudana zuwa ƙananan bututun interlobular, yana haifar da manyan bututun bile.
Yanayi ya samar da jiki mai rauni tare da laushi mai laushi tare da kariya a cikin nau'ikan gefuna waɗanda ke rufe kusan dukkanin fafutukar. Yawancin lokaci mutum ba shi da kulawa da kulawa kamar mai aiki mai wahala, ƙwaƙƙwaran hanta wanda ya dace. Mutane da yawa sun saba da rashin jin daɗi a gefen dama bayan yawan cin abinci da shan ruwa, wanda ke nuna rashi cikin ƙoshin jikin mutum. Sanin ayyukan hanta zai taimaka wajen kula da lafiyarsa da fahimtar alaƙa da sauran gabobin jiki, musamman tare da farji.
Ayyuka mafi mahimmanci na hanta
- karya fats
- ƙara motsin hanji,
- samar da sha na amino acid, bitamin, alli mai gishiri,
- hana haifuwar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta.
Harkokin hepatic yana shiga cikin samarda jini zuwa ga farji, kuma yawan fitar hanji daga gland shine yake faruwa kai tsaye a cikin jijiya ta hanta. Zubewar jini cikin gabobin duka biyu na faruwa ne ta hanyar hanyar gama gari. Kulawa ko rashin lafiyar ɗayansu kai tsaye yana shafar mahimmancin ɗayan.
A kan aiwatar da abinci da ruwa, ana sanya abubuwa masu guba a cikin jiki wanda ke lalata hanta. Narkewar yanayi yana tare da jujjuyawa da fermentation a cikin hanjin. Cutar jini da gubobi ana shafa shi ta hepatocytes kuma sai bayan tsarkakewa ya fara zuwa cikin kewaya babban da'irar jini. An sanya guba a jiki kuma an cire shi daga jiki. Tsarin detoxification shine jerin hadaddun halayen magunguna da ke faruwa a dakin gwajin kwayoyin halitta.
Magungunan rigakafi, abubuwan hana ƙwaƙwalwa, cututtukan enterovirus, abubuwan da ke haifar da cutarwa suna ƙara nauyin akan hanta sau da yawa. Idan an ƙara barasa, nicotine, magungunan tashin hankali a cikin wannan, to, nauyin zai iya wuce kima. Hanta tana jin daɗin kulawa kuma tana iya murmurewa idan mutum ya kiyaye ta kuma yana taimakawa ayyukan tsarkakewa.
- ana kafa su anan albuminmahimmanci ga aikin capillaries. Abubuwan da suke so shine hanta ta kiyaye koyaushe, kuma kasawa ta cika da sauri.
- globulins da alhakin rigakafin ɗan adam.
- fibrinogen yana ba da izinin ɗaukar suturar jini idan ta kasance lahani ga jijiyoyin jini.
Hankalin hanta shine tushen samuwar yawancin abubuwan coagulation na jini, yana ba da tabbacin coagulation.
Ferritin - Wani nau'i na musamman don adana baƙin ƙarfe tare da hanta - mahimman abubuwa waɗanda ke da alaƙa da haemoglobin a cikin jini.
Ciwon sukari da aikin hanta
Dysfunctions da dystrophy na hanta, maye gurbin hepatocytes mai aiki tare da ƙwayar adipose ana ɗaukar manyan abubuwan haɗari don nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Magunguna ya kafa ingantacciyar hanyar haɗi tsakanin tara mai a cikin hanta da juriya na insulin, alamun bayyanar cututtuka a cikin jiki. Tare da kafa ƙwayar cutar sankara, hanta tana faɗo ƙarƙashin ikon cutar. Ciwon sukari yana canza ayyukan enzymes na hanta, yana kara haɗarin cutar mai, cututtukan fibrosis da cirrhosis masu zuwa.
Kula da hankali ga yanayin hanta ya kamata ya zama doka ga mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari. Ganewar lokaci-lokaci zai taimaka hanawa ko gano matakai marasa kyau, da rage abubuwan da suka haifar. Gwajewar jini na biochemical, duban dan tayi, lissafin tomography, MRI - wadannan hanyoyin fasahar zamani suna ba da cikakken hoto na hanta. Muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ƙarin kulawa da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta wanda aka kafa ta hanyar hepatoprotectors, magunguna na zamani waɗanda aka tsara don sauƙaƙe ƙonewa da sake haifar da ƙwayoyin.
- horo na abinci mai gina jiki
- bin shawarwarin masana kimiyyar endocrinologist da masu gina jiki,
- Rage yawan adadin carbohydrates a cikin abinci,
- sarrafa sukari
- rike daidaitaccen al'ada na tsayi da nauyin jiki,
- ingantaccen aiki na jiki
- cikakken wariyar giya.
