TA YAYA SUKARI YAKE SHAFAN JIKINMU? - GUDANAR DA CIWON SUKARI

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Matsakaicin sukari (glucose) a cikin jini na jini shine mahimmin ra'ayi ga marasa lafiya da ke dauke da nau'in I da nau'in ciwon sukari na II. Babban glucose yawanci shine kawai kuma babban alama ce ta farkon halarta na cutar. Dangane da magani, 50% na marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari kawai suna da masaniya game da Pathology yayin da ta kai ga ci gaba da matakai masu wahala.

Bari muyi kokarin gano dalilin da yasa tsayayyen matakin carbohydrates a cikin tsarin kewaya yana da matukar muhimmanci ga lafiyar mutum, kuma menene dalilai akwai rashin daidaituwa na glucose a jiki. Hakanan zamu gano ko menene alamun matakan sukari na al'ada, da kuma yadda canje-canje a cikin al'ada ke shafar jikin mutum.

Matakan Sugar da Ciwon sukari

“Sukari a cikin jini” kalma ce gama gari na matsakaicin adadin glucose da ke narkar da jini a cikin jini wanda ke gudana ta jirgi.

A zahiri, wani babban adadin glucose mai tauhidi shine farkon bayyanar ciwon sukari - ilimin hawan jini. Cutar, hakika, tana da mafi girman hanyoyin samarda ci gaba da alamomin da yawa, amma babban mai nuna alama shine “sukari mai yawa”.

Glucose cikin jini shine darajar da masu ciwon sukari ke buƙata don saka idanu akai-akai (aunawa da bin diddigin alamun).

Kulawa da matakan carbohydrate shine ɗayan manyan abubuwan da ake amfani da su don maganin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari.
Bangare na biyu shine maganin insulin (idan likitoci suka nuna shi). Insulin shine hormone wanda ke daidaita matakan sukari. A cikin ciwon sukari, insulin a cikin jiki bai isa ba, ko sel basu amsa shi da kyau ba.

Dukansu sukari da ƙananan plasma na sukari daidai suke da jiki, amma idan ana iya kawar da rashi na glucose cikin sauƙi a yawancin lamurra, to haɓakar carbohydrates yafi haɗari.

Wani lokaci, ana buƙatar magani na yau da kullun don gyara hyperglycemia: mutane da ke da ciwon sukari masu tasowa suna yin allurar intramuscular akai-akai na insulin: wannan yana kawar da yawan ƙwayar carbohydrate. A matakin farko, za a iya kawar da alamun cututtukan sukari tare da daidaitaccen abinci da gyara ayyukan motsa jiki.

Metabolism na carbohydrates a jiki

Babban aikin glucose a cikin jiki shine samar da sel da kyallen takarda tare da samar da makamashi don mahimmancin hanyoyin ilimin halittar jiki.

An yi imani cewa ƙwayoyin jijiya suna buƙatar ingantaccen glucose mafi yawancin, amma a zahiri, ba tsarin tsarin jiki ɗaya ba zai iya yin ba tare da carbohydrates.

Mun lissafa mahimman abubuwan haɗin sukari a cikin jikin mutum:

Glucose yana shiga cikin jini daga hanji da hanta (glycogen yana nan a cikin hanta - ajiyar polysaccharide, wanda aka yi amfani dashi kamar yadda ya cancanta);
Tsarin wurare dabam dabam yana ɗaukar glucose a cikin jiki - don haka, ana samar da sel da kyallen takarda tare da makamashi;
Shaye glucose daga jini yana buƙatar kasancewar insulin, wanda β-sel ke haifarwa;
Bayan cin abinci, matakin sukari ya tashi a cikin dukkanin mutane - amma a cikin mutane masu lafiya wannan karuwar ba ta da mahimmanci kuma ba ta daɗewa.

Jiki koyaushe yana daidaita tattarawar glucose a cikin jini, yana riƙe da homeostasis (ma'auni). Idan ba a sami daidaituwa ba, kuma irin wannan gazawar ta faru a kai a kai, endocrinologists suna magana ne game da kasancewar ciwon sukari - mummunar cuta na tafiyar matakai na rayuwa.

Me yasa yana da mahimmanci a san matakin sukarin ku

Halin da ake haɓaka matakan sukari ana kiran shi hyperglycemia, kuma ana rage adadin glucose ana kiran shi hypoglycemia.

Don gano matakin ku, bincike daya bai isa ba. Wajibi ne a gudanar da samfurori da yawa a wasu ranaku daban-daban kuma a lokuta daban-daban na rana, da kuma kan komai a ciki da bayan cin abinci. Idan gwaje-gwaje koyaushe suna nuna cewa "sukari yana ɗaga sama," akwai kowane dalili don zargin masu ciwon sukari.

A Rasha, ana auna glucose na jini a cikin millimoles kowace lita (mmol / l). A Turai da Amurka, ana yin awo a cikin milligram a kowace deciliter (mg / dts). Ba shi da wahala a fassara wasu masu nuna alama ga wasu: 1 mmol / L shine 18 mg / dl.

An dade da sanin adadin sukari -3.9-5 mmol / l

Bayan cin abinci na tsawon awa ɗaya, waɗannan lambobin suna da ɗan girma kaɗan (5.1-5.3). A cikin mutane masu lafiya, abubuwan glucose ya bambanta tsakanin waɗannan iyakokin, amma wani lokacin (lokacin da mutum yana yawan motsa jiki da carbohydrates mai sauri) yana iya kaiwa 7 mmol / l. A cikin masu ciwon sukari, alamun da ke sama 7 da har zuwa 10 ana ɗaukar su a matsayin matakin da aka yarda da shi. Tare da irin waɗannan dabi'un, ba koyaushe ana tsara magani na musamman ba, yana iyakance ga abinci. Idan matakin ya kasance sama da 10, likitoci suna ɗaukaka tambayar gyaran ƙwayoyi.

Abin da kowa ke buƙatar sani game da matakan sukari:

Yawan matakan glucose na jini iri daya ne ga duka tsararraki da kuma masana;
Bayan shekara 40, yana da kyau a bincika abubuwan sukari a shekara;
Abincin low-carbohydrate shine hanyar kariya don hana ciwon sukari;
Ciwon sukari ba ya faruwa nan da nan - yawanci ciwon suga yana gabashi: ana kuma iya gyara wannan yanayin tare da daidaita abinci.

Magungunan glucose da kulawa insulin sune sakamakon da ba makawa na kamuwa da cutar siga a cikin matakan ci gaba na cutar. Zuwa yanzu, magani ba zai iya warkar da ciwon suga gaba daya. Koyaya, idan kun bi tsarin abinci, saka idanu akai-akai kuma kada ku rasa allura, zaku iya guje wa bayyanar cututtuka na hyperglycemia da rikice-rikice wanda ke haifar da matakan sukari mai haɓaka.

Rashin daidaituwa na sukari: Sakamakon

Duk wani rashin daidaituwa na rashin daidaituwa (homeostasis) a cikin jiki yana haifar da Pathology. Banda ba shine glucose.

Hyperglycemia da hypoglycemia suna haifar da bayyanar raɗaɗi, wanda sau da yawa yakan haifar da rikitarwa mai rauni ko nakasa.

Babban sukari

Shahararren imani da cewa ciwon sukari shine sakamakon yawan amfani da Sweets ba gaskiya bane, amma tabbas yana dauke da hatsi mai hankali.

Yayinda glucose ke tashi a hankali, ana kuma samarda insulin a hankali. Amma yayin da adadin abinci mai wadataccen carbohydrate, adadin kwayoyin sukari masu yawa suka shiga cikin jini, jiki yana amsa tare da karuwar kwayar insulin don rushe glucose.

Idan sukari da insulin onges suna ci gaba akai-akai har tsawon shekaru, fitsari zai zama kawai ya lalace. Jikin zai samar da korarraki mara inganci ko kuma karamin adadin kwayar halittar da bazata iya jure glucose din da ke shiga jiki ba.

Bugu da ƙari, tare da ingantaccen tsarin glycemic index, mutum yana haɓaka yanayin da ake kira insulin juriya: jarabawar salula zuwa insulin da rashin amsawar mai karɓa yadda yakamata. Resistance tare da kasancewa tsawon lokaci na iya canzawa zuwa nau'in ciwon sukari na II.

"Babban sukari" - Ba koyaushe yake nuna mai ciwon sukari ba. Wani lokacin yawan glucose mai yawa ana iya haifar dashi ta:

Yin amfani da wasu magunguna na tsawon lokaci (corticosteroids, antidepressants);
Adrenal dysfunction;
Ciwon ciki
Danniya mai wahala;
Kwayoyin cututtukan ƙwayar ciki.

Babban alamun hyperglycemia yana da ƙishirwa, saurin fitar iska, bushewar fata, hangen nesa, nutsuwa, saurin kamuwa da cuta, warkar da rauni mara kyau. Duk waɗannan alamun suna nuna matakan ci gaba na ilimin halin rayuwa. Tsawan matakan girma na sukari mai zurfi suna haifar da lalata tasoshin jini, aikin nakasa mai aiki, rage hangen nesa, neuropathy (lalacewar jijiya).

Abubuwan haɗari masu haɗari masu haɗari tare da babban sukari: ƙwayar hyperglycemic coma, ketoacidosis (guba na jiki ta hanyar samfuran metabolism na metabolism).

Sugararancin sukari

Hypoglycemia mafi yawanci ana haifar dashi ne ta dalilin rashin isasshen abinci ko rashin abinci, abubuwan da suka wuce kima (na zahiri da tausaya-rai). Abincin tare da babban glycemic index (Sweets da sauri carbohydrates) da farko yana ƙara yawan sukari, amma sai ya tsokane raguwar saurinsa, wanda ke haifar da sakamako na cuta.

Gaskiya "low sugar" yana haifar da:

bari
rauni
nutsuwa
ciwon kai
numbashi na wata gabar jiki
yunwa kullum.

Kula da hypoglycemia na yau da kullun shine ingantaccen abinci na wasu abinci a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Kowane mutum yana buƙatar tsara jigon ƙwayar cutar glycemic, amma musamman mutanen da ke da alaƙa ga ciwon sukari. Hanya mafi inganci don kula da homeostasis shine biye da tsarin abinci, daidaita abubuwan da ke cikin carbohydrate a cikin menu, kuma kuyi gwajin cutar yau da kullun a asibitin.

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