Mai rikitarwa mai haɗari na ciwon sukari na 1: menene kuma yadda za a hana faruwar su?

Ciwon sukari na faruwa ne sakamakon karancin wani abu na musamman a cikin jiki - insulin. Rashin ƙarancin cutar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ko rashin kulawa.

Yawan wuce haddi na glucose a cikin jini shine babban yanayin rikice-rikice a cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, wanda galibi ana gano shi a cikin yara da matasa.

Yaushe rikicewar ciwon sukari ke faruwa?

Tare da nau'in cuta ta 1, jikin mai haƙuri yana fama da rashin insulin, tunda tsarin garkuwar jiki yana lalata ƙwayoyin beta na musamman waɗanda ke haɗuwa da wannan nau'in hormone.

Dalilin wannan "halin" ba daidai ba na rigakafi shine tsinkayen kwayoyinsa.

Lokacin da adadin kwayoyin da suka mutu suka kai kololuwar sa (80-90%), aikin insulin ya kusa tsayawa, glucose ta fara tarawa cikin jini maimakon ƙwayoyin tsoka.

A kan wannan yanayin, ana haifar da rikicewar cututtukan cututtukan zuciya daban-daban: hawan jini, lalacewar tasoshin jijiyoyi da jijiyoyi. Sakamakon haka, rashin ƙarfi yakan haifar da maza masu fama da cutar siga, kuma mata suna da matsaloli na juna biyu.

M rikice-rikice na nau'in 1 ciwon sukari

Rashin magani yana haifar da kewayon rikice-rikice.

Sharp

Mafi rikitattun cututtukan cututtukan da suka fi yawa sun hada da:

• ketoacidosis. Halin da ke da haɗari, wanda ake ɗauka ta hanyar haɗarin acetone (ko jikin ketone) a cikin jinin haƙuri. Wannan saboda jiki tare da ciwon sukari bashi da isasshen insulin, don haka ya samar da makamashi. Daga nan sai ya fara rushewa da kitsen da jikin ya tattara tare da taimakon sassan jikin ketone. Yawansu a cikin aiwatar da wannan na rayuwa dauki kullum girma. Acetone, azaman kayan samfuri ne, yana lalata jiki kuma yana haifar da rikitarwa mai wahala. Tunda jikin ketone ba zai iya shiga tantanin ba tare da taimakon insulin ba, ana kewaya su ta cikin kodan. Cutar tana halayyar mutum don nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 (na yara);
• yawan haila. Yana haɓakawa da ƙirar asali na raguwa mai yawa a cikin adadin glucose a cikin jini (kusan 3 Mmol / L ko lessasa da). Yana bayyana don dalilai da yawa: ƙarancin motsa jiki, ƙaddamar da babban adadin insulin, rashin carbohydrates a cikin abinci, da dai sauransu Ya bayyana kamar yunwar da rauni, karuwar gumi da hangen nesa, ciwon kai. A cikin mafi mahimman lokuta, raɗaɗi har ma da coma na iya faruwa;
• ilmin mahaifa. Wannan rikitarwa yana faruwa ne akan asalin cutar hauka kuma ana nuna shi ta rashin ruwa a jiki. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa jiki yana ƙoƙarin "tsarma" sukari mai yawa ta hanyar ɗaukar ruwa daga sel kuma sake tura shi zuwa jini. Sakamakon haka, akwai yawan zubar jini a cikin kwakwalwa, jigilar jini gaba daya yana sauka, kuma mara lafiya na iya rasa hankali. Pathology a farkon matakin yana bayyana a cikin nau'i na dindindin da ƙishirwa mai mahimmanci kuma, a sakamakon haka, ana lura da diuresis. Polyuria a hankali ana maye gurbinsa da cikakken katsewar urination;
• lactic acidotic coma. Tare da rashin insulin, acid na pyruvic yana tara jini. Yawan wuce haddi yana haifar da karuwa a cikin aikin lactic acid. Bayyanar cututtuka: tsalle-tsalle a cikin karfin jini, sanyin fitsari, wahalar urin ciki da gazawar numfashi.

Daga baya

Sunan rikice-rikice ya nuna yana ci gaba a hankali (har zuwa wasu shekaru). Kuma wannan hatsarin nasa ne. Cutar a hankali (ba tare da bayyanar cututtuka ba) ta cutar da lafiya, kuma yana da matukar wahala a kula da irin wannan rikice-rikice.

Matsaloli na baya sun hada da:

• ciwon kai. A wannan yanayin, an keta lalata jijiyoyin bugun gini. Sakamakon haka, atherosclerosis plaques form, thrombosis yana haɓaka;
• ma'asumi. Asusun jari ya sha wahala, retina ya bayyana, tsayayyar hangen nesa ya ragu, kuma yakamata ya samu ci gaba. Wannan yana tsoratar da mara lafiya da asarar hangen nesa. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci ga masu ciwon sikila su lura da su ta kai tsaye daga likitocin ophthalmologist. Kamar kowane rikicewar ƙarshen ciwon sukari, lalacewa na baya da sauran raunin idanu suna farawa tun kafin bayyanuwar wahalar gani, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci ga masu ciwon sukari su kiyaye sukarin jini a cikin kullun;
• polyneuropathy. An nuna shi ta hanyar rashin hankali ga jin zafi, ƙarancin magana. Rufin yatsu suna jin danshi ko suna ƙonewa. Dalilin wannan shine lalacewar ƙananan ƙananan jijiyoyin jini waɗanda ke ciyar da jijiyoyin jijiya. Polyneuropathy na iya shafar kowane sashin jiki kuma ya faru a kowane mataki. Koyaya, duk lokacin da kuka kamu da ciwon sukari, to mafi girman hadarin. Ba za a iya dawo da jijiyoyin da suka lalace ba, amma za a iya hana sake halakar da su;
• ƙafa mai ciwon sukari. Zan iya haɓaka kowane mai ciwon sukari. Bayyanar cututtuka: ƙurji da rauni na jiki sun bayyana a ƙafafu. Rashin hankali a cikin kafafu yana da haɗari saboda yankan farji ko ƙwanƙwasa baza'a iya lura da su ba cikin lokaci, wanda zai ba da damar kamuwa da cuta ya yaɗu cikin jikin. Wannan rikitarwa yawanci yakan haifar da yanke hannu na guntun hannu wanda ya shafi.

Na kullum

Wannan nau'in rikice-rikice ya kasance cikin hanya mai zurfi na ciwon sukari. Ko da mara lafiya yana bin duk shawarar likita, ciwon sukari yana ci gaba da lalata jikinsa. Cutar na dogon lokaci pathologically canza abun da ke ciki na jini, haifar da cututtuka na kullum.

Da farko wahala:

• kodan. Ciwon sukari na dogon lokaci yana haifar da gazawar koda;
• tasoshin. Abubuwan da suke fitarwa suna raguwa, ganuwar ta zama bakin ciki, kuma lalacewar ta fi ƙaruwa. Jirgin ruwa da aka shafa (tare da rikice-rikice na macrovascular) talauci ya wadatar da zuciya, wanda ke haifar da abubuwan sa;
• fata. Tunda samarda jini ga fata fata shima yana fama da cutar siga, kumburin trophic ya hau kan ta, wanda daga nan ya zama tushen cututtukan cututtuka daban-daban;
• tsarin juyayi. Rashin nasarar sa a cikin ciwon sukari an nuna shi ne musamman cikin rashin kulawa da gabar jiki. Mai haƙuri yana fama da jin zafi a hannu da kafafu, wani lokacin kasawa a cikin tsarin jijiya yana haifar da innail.

Musamman tasirin ciwon sukari a cikin yara

Saurayi yawanci suna fama da cutar sanyin yara. Yana tasowa a cikin jikin yaro da sauri, idan ba ku fara magani akan lokaci ba.

Haka kuma, karami shekarun yarinyar, da alamun bayyanar cutar.

Insulin a cikin jiki ya zama sakaci, tun da ba a samar da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin yara ba, glucose ya tara a cikin kyallen, sel kuma basa samun abinci mai kyau. Hanyar metabolism ba ta da illa ga tsarin rashin tausayi.

A matakin farko, yaro zai iya fuskantar bambance-bambance a cikin darajar sukari na jini yayin rana, wanda yake da haɗari a cikin gudawa. Idan aka fara cutar, jariri zai yi jinkiri a girma da ci gaban tunani.

Ga jerin takaitaccen rikice-rikice na yara game da ciwon sukari:

• ilimin cututtukan zuciya. A wasu lokuta, haɗarin angina pectoris yana ƙaruwa. Ko da a cikin yara, bugun zuciya ko bugun jini na iya faruwa, kuma atherosclerosis yana haɓaka, kodayake wannan ba wuya yake faruwa ba;
• jijiya. Patientsananan marasa lafiya suna fuskantar tingling ko numbness a cikin kafafu;
• fata mara kyau ta shafa da ƙwayoyin cuta;
• idan yaro yana da rauni a huhu, da alama tarin fuka yana haɓaka;
• kasusuwa masu rauni saboda karancin ma'adanai. Osteoporosis na iya zama a cikin gida saboda matsalolin ci gaban ciki ko aka samu, alal misali, sakamakon ciyarwar mutum.

Waɗannan su ne ƙayyadaddun sakamakon cutar sankara wanda iyaye ya kamata su sani kuma ya kamata likitocin yara suyi la'akari da su yayin lura. Yaro da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 ya kamata a bincika don yiwuwar rikicewar ƙwaya da na koda.

Wadannan matakan na iya dakatar da ci gaban ilimin halittu. Amma mafi mahimmanci shine ƙoƙarin kiyaye matakin sukari tsakanin iyakoki na al'ada.

Nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari 2: wanne yafi haɗari?

A gefe guda, wannan cuta tana sa mutum tun daga ƙuruciyarsa da alhakin lafiyar sa.

Yana lura da abincin, yana ɗaure kansa kuma yana lura da tsarin kulawa da insulin. Duk waɗannan yanayin suna ba da haƙuri ga cikakkiyar rayuwa, kuma sau da yawa suna da matakan kiwon lafiya idan aka kwatanta da mutanen da ba su da ciwon sukari.

Ciwon sukari na 2 wani cuta ne sannu a hankali, yana farawa ne daga munanan halaye na mutum: ƙaunar abinci mai daɗi, mai da abinci mai narkewa. Duk wannan yana haifar da kiba. Amma mummunan bayyanar cututtuka, irin su polyuria, a farkon cutar na iya zama ba.

Sau da yawa, asarar nauyi mai sauri yana haɗuwa da ingantaccen aikin maganin da aka ɗauka don asarar nauyi, ba zaton cewa wannan matsala ce ta masu ciwon sukari. Sakamakon haka, mai haƙuri ya tafi likita latti, kuma magani yakan zama tsawon rai.

Fasali na lura da ciwon sukari mai rikitarwa

Bayanin kula da masu ciwon sikila mai rikitarwa ya haɗa da manyan abubuwan guda uku:

• kulawar glycemic (4.4-7 Mmol / l) tare da kwayoyi ko injections insulin;
• sabunta hanyoyin tafiyar matakai: gudanar da shirye-shiryen jijiyoyin bugun gini da acid din;
• lura da rikitarwa kanta. Don haka, ana kula da retinopathy da wuri tare da Laser, kuma a cikin mafi girman yanayin - vitrectomy. An tsara bitamin B don lalata jijiya.

Yakamata mai haƙuri ya fahimci buƙatar yin duk hanyoyin da aka wajabta masa kuma ya sami ikon sarrafa sukari da kansa. Wannan shi ne mafi mahimmancin yanayin, rashin nasarar wanda ke haifar da rikice-rikice masu wahala.

Matakan rigakafin cutar sankarau

Yin rigakafi ga masu ciwon sukari ya kunshi:

• kulawa ta likitanci;
• kulawar glycemic;
• nauyi da kuma riko da abubuwan yau da kullun: yana da muhimmanci a tantance lokacin farkawa da bacci, ba a bata awowi na allura, da sauransu;
• matsakaici na jiki;
• tsabtace mutum;
• abinci mai karancin carb;
• ƙarfafa rigakafi: abinci, hardening.

Bidiyo masu alaƙa

Game da haɗarin da ke tattare da rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari a cikin bidiyo:

Tabbas, ba za ku iya kawar da ciwon sukari tare da hanyoyin da aka lissafa ba kawai, zaku buƙaci taimakon magunguna da hanyoyin musamman. Amma bin waɗannan shawarwarin sun isa don toshe ci gaban ilimin cuta kuma ba da damar rikitarwa daban-daban su lalata rayuwar ku.