Maganin glucose: shiri don bincike da matsayin ma'auni

Ana yin gwajin glucose na jini don sanin yanayin mai haƙuri. Glucose shine tushen metabolism na metabolism, yayin da ya lalace wanda jiki ba zai iya ci gaba da aiki a kullun ba. Wannan nazarin yana daya daga cikin masu ba da labari - kwararru suna da damar kafa ingantaccen bincike dangane da bayanan sa da kuma sakamakon binciken.

Baya ga abin da aka nuna, ƙudurin ƙaddarawar sukari a cikin jini shine ɗayan shahararrun karatu da yaɗuwa a tsakanin duk gwaje gwaje.

Gwajin ƙwayar jini na Venous: alamomi da shiri

Abubuwan da ke nuna alamun binciken sune yanayin rashin lafiyar mai haƙuri wanda akwai haɓaka ko raguwa a cikin yawan haɗuwar glucose a cikin jini.

Ana ɗaukar ƙwayar jini don sukari daga mutanen da likitocin kulawa da su ke zargin ko sun san sarai (don sa ido kan yanayin mai haƙuri) na waɗannan cututtukan:

• rashin insulin-mai dogaro ko insulin-da ke fama da cutar siga;
• tsawon lokacin haihuwa.
• gano bugun jini- ko hauhawar jini;
• sepsis
• rigakafin marasa lafiya a hadarin;
• aikin hanta mai rauni - cirrhosis, hepatitis;
• yanayin tsawa;
• rikice-rikice na aiki na tsarin endocrine - hypothyroidism, cutar Cushing, da dai sauransu;
• cututtukan dabbobi.

Kafin ɗaukar nazarin, mai haƙuri yana buƙatar shirya don magudi na likita.

A gabanin binciken, mutum yana bukatar ya iyakance kansa cikin irin waɗannan lokacin:

1. Abincin ƙarshe da kowane abin sha, sai dai tsarkakakken ruwa, bai kamata ya faru ba kafin awanni 8 kafin lokacin bincike, mafi kyau - 12;
2. Kada a cinye abubuwan da ke kunshe da giya 2-3 kwanaki kafin gwajin;
3. kofi da sauran abubuwan shaye-shaye an haramta su awanni 48 zuwa 72 kafin binciken;
4. Ya kamata a guji damuwa daga ƙwaƙwalwar jijiyoyi da ƙwaƙwalwar jiki ta kwana 1 kafin nazarin.

Baya ga abin da aka nuna, aƙalla awa 1 kafin binciken, dole ne a yi watsi da shan sigari da kuma tauna, domin su ma suna iya yin tasiri ga ayyukan samar da insulin.

An buƙata don jinkirta lokacin isar da bincike (ban da lokacin gaggawa) a gaban waɗannan halaye masu zuwa:

• lokacin wuce gona da iri na cututtuka na kullum;
• a cikin yanayin endocrinopathies, alal misali, acromegaly ko hyperthyroidism;
• tare da raunin da ba a rufe ba;
• bayan hanyoyin tiyata;
• m mataki na cutar;
• cututtuka na cuta;
• yin amfani da wakilai na magunguna wadanda ke shafar kimar glucose a cikin jini - COCs, glucocorticoids, tizoid diuretics;
• nan da nan bayan zubar jini.

Nuoms of decoding binciken bincike

Bayyana sakamakon bincike kan tushen bayanan jinni yana da halaye na mutum. Darajojin sukari na jini na plasma suna sama idan aka kwatanta da jini gaba ɗaya.

A lokaci guda, nazarin halittun, wanda aka ɗauka akan komai ciki daga yatsa ko jijiya, ba shi da wani bambanci mai mahimmanci. Koyaya, bayan sa'o'i 2 daga tarin kayan, sakamakon ya fara bambanta.

Misali, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da misalai masu zuwa na ƙididdigar abubuwan da ke tattare da ƙwayoyin carbohydrate a cikin jini gaba daya da jini:

1. alamomi na yau da kullun na ƙoshin lafiya a cikin binciken sukari a cikin jini gaba ɗaya, daga yatsa, nan da nan ya gabatar da 3.3 ... 3.5 mmol / l. A wannan yanayin, bayan sa'o'i 2 daga glucose ɗin da aka karɓa, ƙimar ba ta kai 6.7. Amma game da jinin ɓacin rai, lokacin da ake tsallake abinci (a kan komai a ciki), suna 3.3 ... 3.5, kuma tare da kaya mai nauyin 7.8 mmol / l;
2. dangane da jini na jini, idan aka bincika daga yatsa, dabi'u a cikin mutum mai lafiya zasu kasance 4.0 ... 6.1, kuma bayan shan glucose ("kaya") bayan awanni 2 da maida hankali bai kai 7.8 ba. A cikin rabuwa na plasma na venous jini, yawan glucose zai zama 4.0 ... 6.1 - a cikin yanayin bincike don komai a ciki, kuma zuwa 7.8 2 sa'o'i bayan cinye glucose.

A cikin yanayin rashin daidaituwa na rashin daidaituwa na glucose, sauyewar sukari a yayin yankewa za'a iya wakilta kamar haka:

• yin azumi gaba daya jini daga jijiya - har zuwa 6.1;
• dukan jini daga jijiya tare da nauyin fiye da 6.1, amma har zuwa 10;
• jini gaba daya daga yatsa da safe a kan komai a ciki - har zuwa 6.1;
• a kan komai a ciki daga yatsa bayan awanni 2 daga amfani da glucose - sama da 7.8 amma har zuwa 11.1;
• plasma na jini a lokacin bincike na venous - har zuwa 7;
• plasma bayan sa'o'i 2 daga shan glucose a cikin nazarin jinin venous - fiye da 7.8, har zuwa 11.1;
• plasma jini mai azumi daga yatsa - har zuwa 7;
• plasma a cikin bincike na jini daga yatsa, bayan “nauyin glucose” bayan awanni 2 - 8.9… 12.2.

Game da ciwon sukari mellitus, ƙimar glucose a cikin nazarin ƙwaƙwalwar jini ba tare da amfani da nauyin carbohydrate zai zama fiye da 7.0 - don kowane nau'in jini (daga jijiya da daga yatsa).

Lokacin ɗaukar glucose kuma bayan awanni 2, haɗuwa da sukari a cikin jini na jini yayin ƙididdigar daga yatsa zai wuce 11, 1, kuma a cikin batun ɗaukar kayan daga jijiya, ƙimar sun fi 12.2.

Matsayi na glucose ma'auni ta hanyar shekaru

Standardsa'idojin ƙwayar glucose a cikin jijiyoyin jini sun bambanta - ya danganta da yawan shekarun mutum.

Darajan sukari mai mahimmanci ya bambanta har ma a cikin yara:

• a cikin jarirai masu tasowa, yanayin shine 1.1 ... 3.3 mmol / l;
• a cikin kwanakin 1 na rayuwa - 2.22 ... 3.33 mmol / l;
• 1 wata da ƙari - 2.7 ... 4.44 mmol / l;
• daga shekara 5 - 3.33 ... 5.55 mmol / l.

Ga manya, gwargwadon yawan glucose na jini yana fitowa ne gwargwadon shekarunsu da jinsi.

A bayyane alamun alamun sukari a cikin mata ana wakilta su ta hanyar waɗannan dabi'u:

A cikin maza, halayen sukari a cikin jini yana gabatar da irin wannan bayanan akan nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje:

Me yasa farashin ƙididdigar ya ƙaru?

Lokacin da aka gano cututtukan hyperglycemia, ana yawanci yarda cewa ciwon sukari yana tasowa. Koyaya, akwai wasu dalilai na abubuwanda zasu haifar da tasirin haɓaka yawan haɓakar glucose.

Likitocin sun bayyana cewa irin wannan yanayi na iya haifar da hauhawar jini:

1. raunin kwakwalwa, rauni in ba haka ba - rauni kai. Wadannan yanayin tashin hankali sun hada da turuci, kururuwa a kan kai, cututtukan tumor na GM da makamantansu;
2. tsananin lalata hanta;
3. yawan amfani da kayayyakin masarufi masu yawa wanda a ciki akwai sukari mai yawa - kayan kwalliya, abubuwan sha masu karko da makamantan su;
4. wuce gona da iri-tunanin mutum;
5. raunin da ya faru
6. neoplastic, in ba haka ba kansa kansa, da kuma cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta;
7. da amfani da wani adadin narcotic, kwayoyin hana daukar ciki da shirye-shiryen likitancin psychotropic;
8. kwanan nan hemodialysis;
9. aikin wuce kima na glandar thyroid da / ko glandar adrenal, wanda ke haifar da girman tasirin abubuwan hodar iblis wanda ke toshe karfin insulin.

Dalilin rage sukari

Baya ga ƙara yawan sukari - hypoglycemia, ana iya gano mai haƙuri da yanayin sabanin - hypoglycemia.

Hypoglycemia an kwatanta shi da ƙimar glucose a ƙasa da al'ada kuma yana iya faruwa saboda tasirin waɗannan abubuwan:

1. ƙididdigar ƙididdigar rashin daidaituwa na insulin kuma, a sakamakon haka, yawan shan shi;
2. da amfani da magungunan magunguna waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin maganin cututtukan mellitus, amma ba dace da wani mai haƙuri ba;
3. Yunwar, kamar yadda wannan abin mamaki shine martani ga raguwar yawan abubuwan da ke cikin glucose a cikin jini;
4. yawan wuce haddi na insulin, wanda a cikin kwayoyin ba lallai ba ne - akwai karancin substrate;
5. rikicewar rayuwa ta yanayin yanayin haifuwa, alal misali, rashin haƙuri ga carbohydrate (fructose, lactose da makamantan su);
6. lalacewar sel hanta ta hanyar guba;
7. sikarin insulin-insulin-kansa da ke haifar da tasirin islet na cututtukan hanji;
8. hypoglycemia na mata masu juna biyu, wanda lalacewa ta haifar da shi ta hanyar nunawa ga jijiyoyin jini na ciki da kuma cututtukan yara, wanda ya fara aiki da kansa;
9. wasu rikicewar koda da wasu cututtuka na ƙananan hanji.
10. sakamakon kamannin ciki.

Hakanan, za a iya haifar da hypoglycemia ba kawai ta hanyar yawan kwantar da hankali na insulin ba, wasu kwayoyin sunadarai na iya rage matakan glucose. Dole ne ayi la'akari da wannan, kuma tare da raguwar bayanan da ba'a bayyana ba a cikin glucose na jini, tuntuɓar likita na endocrinologist kuma kuyi jerin karatunsa.

Me yasa aka ƙara sodium fluoride a cikin samfurin?

Wadannan matakan suna ba ku damar adana farkon farkon glucose a cikin samfurin kuma sami sakamakon gaskiya na binciken.

Sodium fluoride tare da potassium oxalate sune magungunan anticoagulants waɗanda ke ɗaure ion alli kuma, a ƙari, sodium fluoride wani bangare yana ƙarfafa darajar sukari a cikin samfurin. Lokacin aiwatar da halayen enzymatic da yawa, glucose a cikin samfurin ya rage zuwa lactate da pyruvate.

Sodium fluoride an nuna shi ta ikon toshe wasu halayen enzymatic, gami da canzawar sinadarin phosphoglycerate zuwa phosphoenolpyruvate acid, wanda ke hana wucewar ayyukan glycolysis. Daga wannan yana biye da cewa ba tare da yin amfani da sodium fluoride ba, likitoci ba su da ikon iya tantance haɗuwar sukari daidai a cikin ƙwayar jini.

Bidiyo masu alaƙa

Game da matsayin jinin glucose na jini wanda yake azumi a cikin bidiyon: