Matsayin aikin da yanayin lafiyar mutum ya dogara da haemoglobin a cikin jini da aiwatar da ayyukanta. Tare da doguwar hulɗa da haemoglobin tare da glucose, ana ƙirƙirar wani hadadden fili, wanda ake kira haemoglobin, yanayin da bai kamata ya wuce alamomin da aka kafa ba.
Godiya ga gwajin ga haemoglobin, yana yiwuwa a gano tarowar sukari a cikin jini, saboda sel jini wani shago ne na haemoglobin. Suna zaune kusan kwana 112. A wannan lokacin, bincike yana ba ka damar samun ingantaccen bayanai wanda ke nuna yawan glucose.
Glycated haemoglobin ana kiranta glycosylated. Dangane da waɗannan alamun, zaku iya saita matsakaicin yawan sukari na kwana 90.
Menene bincike kuma me yasa ake buƙata?
Glycated haemoglobin ko A1C a cikin gwajin jini an auna su azaman kashi. A yau, ana gudanar da wannan binciken mafi yawan lokuta, saboda yana da fa'idodi da yawa.
Don haka, tare da taimakonsa ba kawai za ku iya gano ƙudurin sukari a cikin jini ba, har ma gano ciwon sukari a matakin farko na haɓaka. Bugu da kari, ana iya aiwatar da bincike na HbA1 a kowane lokaci, ba tare da la'akari da yawan abincin ba.
Irin wannan nazarin koyaushe yana ba da cikakkiyar sakamako, ba tare da la'akari da yanayin mutum ba. Sabili da haka, ba kamar gwajin jini na al'ada ba, gwaji don glycosylated haemoglobin zai ba da amintaccen amsar koda bayan damuwa, rashin bacci, ko tare da mura.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa irin waɗannan nazarin dole ne a gudanar da su ba kawai tare da ciwon sukari ba. Lokaci-lokaci, ana buƙatar bincika matakin ƙwayar haemoglobin duka don lafiyar mutane da waɗanda ke da kusanci da hauhawar jini, saboda waɗannan cututtukan suna gab da ciwon sukari.
An ba da shawarar tsarin bincike a cikin irin waɗannan halaye:
- salon tsinkaye;
- shekaru daga shekaru 45 (ya kamata a dauki bincike sau 1 a cikin shekaru uku);
- kasancewar jurewar glucose;
- predisposition zuwa ciwon sukari;
- kwayar polycystic;
- ciwon sukari
- matan da suka haifi jariri wanda nauyinsu ya wuce kilo 4;
- masu ciwon sukari (sau 1 a cikin rabin shekara).
Kafin wucewa gwajin HbA1C, abubuwan da za a iya gani a cikin tebur na musamman, dole ne a ɗauki matakan shirye-shirye na musamman.
Bugu da kari, za a iya yin binciken a kowane lokaci mai dacewa ga mara lafiya, ba tare da la’akari da matsayin lafiyarsa da salon rayuwarsa da ranar da ta gabata ba.
Al'ada na glycosylated haemoglobin a cikin maza
Don tsayar da sinadarin haemoglobin a cikin jini, dole ne mara lafiyar ya yi bincike na musamman a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Yana da mahimmanci sanin cewa a cikin mutum mai lafiya, karatun daga 120 zuwa 1500 g kowace lita 1 na ƙwayoyin halittar jiki al'ada ne.
Koyaya, waɗannan ka'idojin za'a iya zama marasa zurfin tunani ko wuce kima idan mutum yana da cututtuka na gabobin ciki. Don haka, a cikin mata, ana samun ƙarancin furotin yayin haila.
Kuma ka'idar haemoglobin da ke glycated a cikin maza ta kasance daga 135 g kowace lita. Ya kamata a sani cewa wakilan masu yin jima'i masu ƙarfi suna da alamomi sama da na mata. Don haka, a karkashin shekaru 30, matakin shine 4.5-5.5% 2, har zuwa shekaru 50 - har zuwa 6.5%, mafi tsufa shekaru 50 - 7%.
Ya kamata mazaje suyi gwajin glucose na jini akai-akai, musamman bayan shekara arba'in. Bayan duk wannan, sau da yawa a wannan lokacin suna da nauyin wuce kima, wanda yake shi ne kan gaba ga masu ciwon sukari. Saboda haka, da zaran an gano wannan cutar, da samun nasarar maganin ta.
Na dabam, ya cancanci a faɗi game da carboxyhemoglobin. Wannan wani sinadari ne wanda yake wani bangare ne na hadewar sinadarai na jini, wanda yake hade da haemoglobin da carbon monoxide. Dole ne a rage alamunsa akai-akai, in ba haka ba, yunwar oxygen zata faru, wanda ke nuna alamun maye na jiki.
Idan abin da ke cikin haemoglobin ya yi yawa ya yi yawa, to wannan yana nuna kasancewar kowace cutar. Don haka, keta hadadden sinadarai na jini a jikin mutum yana nuna kasancewar wata cuta mai saurin yaduwa wacce ke bukatar bayyanar cutar kai tsaye da magani.
Lokacin da sakamakon binciken yayi sama da na al'ada, etiology na Pathology na iya zama kamar haka:
- ciwon sukari mellitus;
- toshewar hanji;
- cututtukan oncological;
- gazawar hanji;
- wuce haddi na bitamin B a cikin jiki;
- cututtukan zuciya da na ciki
- ƙonewa na zafi;
- tsananin farin jini;
- hawan jini.
Idan glycosylated haemoglobin ba ta yin tunani, to, abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan yanayin suna nan tafe ne da rashin iskar baƙin ƙarfe da ke faruwa a ƙarshen asarar oxygen. Wannan cuta tana da haɗari ga jiki, saboda ana bayyanar da shi ta hanyar bayyanar maye, zazzabin cizon sauro.
Akwai wasu dalilai da yawa na karancin furotin a cikin jini. Wadannan sun hada da rashin karfin jiki, cututtukan da ke haifar da zub da jini, ciki, karancin bitamin B12 da folic acid. Hakanan, ana lura da ƙananan matakan haemoglobin a cikin cututtukan cututtuka, zubar da jini, cututtukan gado da cututtukan autoimmune, basur, lokacin lactation kuma a cikin yanayin cutar na tsarin haihuwa.
Mahimmanci na bincike na HbA1C a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus
Yana da kyau a lura cewa yawan haɗarin glucose na jini na iya bambanta da na al'ada ta ƙimar mafi ƙima. Don haka, tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, musamman a cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya, a cikin batun insulin therapy yayin da rage ƙananan abubuwan glucose zuwa lambobi na al'ada (6.5-7 mmol / l), akwai yuwuwar haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayar cuta.
Wannan yanayin yana da haɗari musamman ga tsofaffi marasa lafiya. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka hana su rage yawan ƙwayar cuta zuwa matakan al'ada na mutum mai lafiya.
A cikin nau'in 2 na ciwon sukari na mellitus, ana yin lissafin daidaituwar ƙwayar cuta ta glycosylated haemoglobin dangane da shekaru, kasancewar rikice-rikice da kuma yanayin da ke haifar da ciwon sikila.
Yawanci, ana samun nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 a cikin tsakiya ko tsufa. Ga tsofaffi, yanayin da ba tare da rikice-rikice na cutar shine 7.5% a yawan taro na glucose na 9.4 mmol / L, kuma idan akwai rikitarwa - 8% da 10.2 mmol / L. Ga marasa lafiya na tsakiya, 7% da 8.6 mmol / L, kazalika da 47.5% da 9.4 mmol / L ana ɗaukarsu al'ada ne.
Don gano nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na sukari, ana yin gwajin haemoglobin da yawa. Bayan haka, irin wannan binciken yana ba ku damar gano cutar a farkon matakin kuma gano yanayin ciwon sukari. Kodayake yana faruwa cewa tare da ciwon sukari, matakin sukari na jini ya zauna a cikin al'ada.
Binciken HbA1C shima yana nuna jinkirin glucose, wanda ya sabawa wanda jiki ya daina shan insulin, kuma yawancin glucose din ya rage a cikin jinin jini kuma sel basa amfani dashi. Bugu da ƙari, binciken farko yana sa ya yiwu a kula da ciwon sukari tare da taimakon motsa jiki da kuma maganin abinci ba tare da shan magunguna masu rage sukari ba.
Yawancin maza da ke fama da ciwon sukari na sama da shekara guda kuma suna auna matakin glycemia tare da glucometer suna mamakin dalilin da yasa suke buƙatar gwada shi don haemoglobin lãka. Sau da yawa, alamu suna kasancewa da kyau na dogon lokaci, wanda ke sa mutum ya yi tunanin cewa an rama ciwon sukari.
Don haka, alamun glycemia na azumi zasu iya dacewa da ƙa'idar (6.5-7 mmol / l), kuma bayan karin kumallo sun haɓaka zuwa 8.5-9 mmol / l, wanda tuni ya nuna karkacewa. Irin wannan canzawar glucose ta yau da kullun shine ƙaddamar da matsakaiciyar haɗuwa da glycated haemoglobin. Wataƙila sakamakon binciken zai nuna cewa masu ciwon sukari ya kamata su canza sashi na rage ƙwayoyin sukari ko insulin.
Koyaya, wasu marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar sukari na 2 sunyi imani cewa ya isa a aiwatar da ma'aunin 2-3 na alamun sukari mai azumi a wata. Haka kuma, wasu masu ciwon sukari basa amfani da glucueter.
Kodayake ma'aunin yau da kullun na glycosylated haemoglobin na iya hana ci gaban rikitarwa.
Yanayin nazarin
Yaya za a sha glycated haemoglobin - a kan komai a ciki ko a'a? A zahiri, ba shi da mahimmanci. Ana iya ɗaukar bincike ba har ma da komai a ciki.
Ana shawarar glygated gwajin haemoglobin a yi sau 4 a shekara, kuma zai fi dacewa a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje iri ɗaya. Koyaya, koda da asarar jini kaɗan, aiwatar da zubarwa ko bayar da gudummawa, ya kamata a jinkirta binciken.
Dole ne likita ya ba da takardar neman bayanai don bincika, idan akwai kyawawan dalilai. Amma sauran fasahohin bincike za a iya amfani dasu don sarrafa matakan haemoglobin.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, za a san sakamakon a cikin kwanaki 3-4. Jini don jarrabawa yawanci ana ɗauka daga jijiya.
Hanyar mafi sauƙi kuma mafi sauƙi ga auna ma'aunin haemoglobin a cikin jini shine amfani da glucometer. Ana iya amfani da wannan na'urar da kansa, wanda ke ba ka damar bincika matakin glyceobemia fiye da kullun don samun hoto daidai.
Yana da kyau a lura cewa babu buƙatar yin shiri na musamman don bincike. Hanyar bata da lafiya da sauri. Za'a iya ba da jini a kowane asibiti, amma idan akwai takardar sayen magani. Kuma bidiyon da ke cikin wannan labarin zai ci gaba da magana game da buƙatar gwaji don glycated haemoglobin.
