Yadda ake shan magani Lozartan kuma menene amfaninta

Losartan yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun sayarwar magunguna na matsin lamba a duniya. Dalilin wannan sanannen shine tsawon lokacin aiki da babban amincin wannan magani. Ayyukan Losartan yana ɗaukar sa'o'i 24, don haka kashi 1 ya isa a kowace rana. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran allunan rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta, wannan ƙwayar magani ba shi da yiwuwar haifar da sakamako masu illa. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ake nuna shi da babban sadaukarwa ga jiyya: da zarar sun gwada Losartan, kashi 92% na marasa lafiya sun fi son hakan.

Wanene aka wajabta maganin?

Mutuwa daga bugun jini da cututtukan zuciya sune farko a tsarin rayuwar manya a duk duniya. Ana tsammanin nan gaba kadan wadannan cututtukan za su zama babban dalilin nakasassu. A cikin Turai, yana yiwuwa a sauya wannan yanayin, yawan masu mutuwa sakamakon cutar zuciya da jijiyoyin jini (CVD) yana sannu a hankali amma tabbas yana raguwa. Masana ilimin kimiya sun kiyasta cewa babban aikin wannan nasarar ba ya cikin hanyoyin kulawa da fasaha, amma ga matakai masu sauki don hana abubuwan haɗarin CVD.

Mafi mahimmancin abubuwan sune:

• hawan jini;
• wuce haddi cholesterol da triglycerides a cikin tasoshin;
• ciwon sukari
• kiba

Idan matsin lamba ya wuce al'ada, haɗarin mutuwa daga CVD kusan 1%, idan babban matsa lamba yana tare da wani 1 1 - 1.6%, wasu dalilai 2 - 3.8%. Aikin likita game da gano abubuwan haɗari shine rage tasirin su akan jiki: rage matsin lamba don cimma ƙididdigar kuzari, daidaita bayanin martaba na lipid da glucose jini, da daidaita nauyi.

Losartan yana da tasirin sakamako mai lalacewa, an zaɓi kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi dangane da matakin farko da matsin lamba.

An wajabta maganin a cikin waɗannan halaye:

Idan kun zaɓi matakin da ya dace kuma ku ɗauki Losartan ba tare da gibba ba, zaku iya cimma matakin matsin lamba a cikin 50% na marasa lafiya. Sauran yana bada shawarar don haɗuwa da jiyya: an ƙara wani wakili na antihypertensive ga tsarin kulawa. Magungunan zamani suna ba da daidaituwa na matsin lamba a cikin sama da 90% na marasa lafiya.

Statisticsididdiga don shan magungunan rigakafin ƙwayar cuta a Rasha suna ɓacin rai: tsakanin mutanen da ke da hauhawar jini, kusan kashi 70% na ƙauyukan kuma kashi 45% na mazaunan ƙauyen sun san cutar. Ana kula dasu ta hanyar ladabi kuma suna kula da matsin lamba a matakin al'ada na kawai 23%.

Hawan jini da hauhawar jini za su kasance abubuwan da suka gabata - kyauta

Cutar zuciya da bugun jini sune sanadin kusan kashi 70% na duk mutuwar a duniya. Bakwai daga cikin mutane goma suna mutuwa saboda toshewar hanyoyin zuciya ko kwakwalwa. A kusan dukkanin lokuta, dalilin irin wannan mummunan ƙarshen shine guda ɗaya - matsin lamba akan hauhawar jini.

Yana yiwuwa kuma dole don sauƙaƙe matsi, in ba haka ba komai. Amma wannan ba ya warkar da cutar da kanta, amma kawai tana taimakawa wajen magance bincike, kuma ba dalilin cutar ba.

• Normalization na matsa lamba - 97%
• Cirewa kan jijiyoyin mara wuya - 80%
• Cire zuciyar mai karfin zuciya - 99%
• Cire ciwon kai - 92%
• Increasearuwar kuzarin rana, inganta bacci da dare - 97%

Ta yaya miyagun ƙwayoyi losartan

Binciken farko, wanda daga karshe ya haifar da kirkirar Lozartan, an yi shi a ƙarshen karni na 19. Renin enzyme, wanda shine muhimmin sashi na daidaita hawan jini, an ware shi daga sel koda. Bayan da yawa shekarun da suka gabata, an samo wani abu a cikin artal artery wanda ke da tasirin gaske a kan tasoshin, wanda ya kai ga takaita su. An kira shi angiotensin. An gano hanyar haɗin karshe na tsarin a tsakiyar karni na 20. Ya zama aldosterone na hormone, wanda glandon adrenal ke samar dashi. Wannan ya isa fahimtar yadda ake kiyaye sautin jijiyoyin jiki a jiki kuma yana hana hauhawar jini.

A cikin maganganu masu sauƙi, kayan aikin da ke gaba suna aiki a cikin jikinmu: lokacin da matsin lamba ya ragu a cikin kodan, an kafa renin, wanda ke aiki akan angiotensin. Angiotensin ya bazu zuwa angiotensin I, wanda yake shi ne peptide mara aiki, sannan, tare da halartar enzyme ACE, an canza shi zuwa angiotensin II. Abun da aka samo shine mai karfi na vasoconstrictor, yana haifar da haɓaka mai sauri kuma yana haɓaka samar da aldosterone, wanda ke da alhakin metabolism-salt.

An kirkiro Losartan a cikin 90s na karni na ƙarshe. Shine farkon magani a cikin sabon rukuni na kwayoyi na asali don matsin lamba, wanda ake kira angiotensin II recepor blockers, an rage shi ARB. Yanzu a cikin wannan rukuni na magunguna 6. Sunan dukkansu, ban da na Lozartan, ya ƙare a -Sartan, don haka ne ake kiransu Sartans.

Aikin Losartan ya danganta ne da toshe ayyukan angiotensin II, yayin da kayan ba su da tasiri ga sauran nau'ikan ƙa'idodin aikin jijiyoyin jini da zuciya.

Abinda wannan maganin ke taimakawa daga:

1. Babban aikin shine hypotensive. Magungunan yana fara rage matsa lamba bayan kimanin awa daya, ya isa matsakaicin sakamako bayan sa'o'i 6. Jimlar lokacin aiki shine 1 rana. Losartan koyaushe an tsara shi na dogon lokaci, tunda ya fara ba da tsayayyen raguwar matsin lamba kawai bayan watanni 1-1.5.
2. Ressionaukar tsarin tsarin matsin lamba yana hana ci gaban bugun zuciya. ACE inhibitors suna aiki a wannan yanayin kadan mafi inganci, amma losartan ya fi dacewa da haƙuri.
3. Yana kare ƙwayoyin koda daga lalacewa, yana rage jinkirin ci gaban lalacewa na koda, yana jinkirta buƙatar marasa lafiya don maganin hemodialysis. Losartan na iya rage jijin furotin a cikin fitsari da kashi 35%, da yiwuwar rashin koda ya cika - daga kashi 28%.
4. Yana kare kwakwalwa tare da hauhawar jini: yana rage haɗarin bugun jini, inganta ƙwaƙwalwa. Masana kimiyya sun yi imanin cewa wannan matakin yana da alaƙa ba kawai tare da rage matsin lamba ba, har ma da sauran, ba a yi nazarin tasirin magungunan ba tukuna.
5. Yana haifar da ci gaba a cikin yanayin haɗin kyallen takarda: yana ƙarfafa ganuwar tasoshin jini, yana inganta dawo da tsoka. An yi imanin cewa ƙarin tasirin Losartan '' yana da laifi '' wannan - ƙarfafa haɓakar samarwar collagen.
6. Yana taimakawa kawar da wuce haddi uric acid, saboda haka an ba da shawarar musamman don rage matsin lamba a cikin marasa lafiya tare da gout.

Sashi na losartan Allunan

Abubuwan da ke aiki da ke cikin losartan shine potassium losartan. Magungunan asali shine kamfanin kamfanin Cozanar na Amurka. Magungunan da ake kira losartan sune ilimin halittar jini. Suna dauke da abu guda kuma aiki iri daya ne kamar na asali Cozaar.

Anyi amfani da alamun analog ɗin masu zuwa anan Russia:

Sashi na losartan Allunan:

• 12.5 MG na iya amfani da shi idan an wajabta losartan tare da sauran wakilai na rigakafi.
• 25 MG shine daidaitaccen kashi na diuretics.
• 50 MG - bisa ga umarnin, wannan kashi yana ba ku damar daidaita matsin lamba a cikin mafi yawan marasa lafiya, an tsara shi sau da yawa.
• Ana ɗaukar 100 MG idan an buƙaci raguwar matsa lamba daga manyan lambobi.

Hakanan akwai magungunan haɗuwa waɗanda nan da nan suna dauke da abubuwa guda 2 tare da sakamako mai illa: losartan potassium da diuretic hydrochlorothiazide. A karkashin sunan Lozartan N, Canonfarm, Atoll da Gideon Richter ne suka samar da su. Farashin Losartan N - 160-430 rubles.

Yadda ake ɗauka

Sharuɗɗan shan losartan daga umarnin don amfani:

1. Magungunan sun bugu sau 1 a rana, amma don dacewa, za'a iya raba kwamfutar hannu zuwa allurai 2.
2. Umarni ya nuna cewa ba shi da matsala lokacin da za a shan wannan magani da safe ko da yamma. Losartan a buɗe aƙalla awanni 24. Babban abu ba shine canza lokacin karɓar lokacin karɓa ba sau ɗaya. Binciken haƙuri ya ba da shawarar cewa liyafar maraice har yanzu abin fin so ne. A wannan yanayin, mafi girman tasiri na Losartan ya faɗi akan mafi yawan aiki rana.
3. Cin abinci ba ya tasiri sosai game da ɗaukar abinci da aiki na losartan, don haka ana iya ɗaukar shi kafin ko bayan abinci.
4. Maganin farko na yau da kullun ga yawancin marasa lafiya shine 50 MG. Ana iya haɓaka shi a farkon mako guda bayan shan maganin.
5. A cikin raunin zuciya, gudanarwa yana farawa daga 12.5 MG, sannu a hankali yana ƙara kashi zuwa 50 MG.
6. Tare da gazawar hanta, gazawar na koda, a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda suka girmi shekaru 75, kashi na farko shine 25 MG.
7. Matsakaicin adadin yau da kullun shine 100 MG, a gaban rauni na zuciya ana iya ƙara shi ta likita zuwa 150 MG.

Idan 1 kwamfutar hannu 1 na Losartan 100 MG bai isa ya daidaita matsin lamba ba, ana iya haɗe shi da magungunan antihypertensive daga wasu ƙungiyoyi.

A wani matsin lamba ne likitoci suka ba da shawarar fara magani tare da losartan? A matsayinka na mai mulki, daga matakin 140/90. Wannan matakin an riga an dauke shi mafi girman kuma yana cutar da yanayin jijiyoyin jini da aikin zuciya, kodan, da kwakwalwa. Tare da karuwar matsin lamba koyaushe ko maimaitawar ta, ana ƙaddamar da ɗaukar matakan Losartan koyaushe. Hawan jini babban cuta ne na yau da kullun, don haka suna shan maganin koda kuwa alama cewa matsin lamba ya koma al'ada. Baya ga kwayoyin hana daukar ciki, hanyoyi masu tasiri don magance hauhawar jini sune asarar nauyi, babban aiki, dakatar da shan sigari, iyakance barasa, kara yawan kayan lambu da rage adadin gishirin, da kuma guje wa yanayin damuwa.

M sakamako masu illa

Sakamakon sakamako na losartan suna da sauƙi, yawanci sukan tafi da kansu, basa buƙatar janye magani. Magungunan sun sami nasarar wuce binciken da aka sarrafa da dama, yayin da aka gano cewa yanayin gaba daya na alamomin da ba a so wadanda ke faruwa yayin shan Losartan ko da kadan baya cikin kungiyar placebo (2.3 a kan 3.7%).

Dangane da masu fama da cutar haɓaka, cututtukan da ba a ke so ba suna da yawa a cikin su, yana yiwuwa a bi hanyar alaƙa tsakanin shan kwayoyi da kuma ci gaba da tabarbarewa a cikin yanayin da ya keɓance. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, sakamako masu illa suna da amfani a yanayi. Marasa lafiya sun lura da hazo a kawunansu, farin ciki, bushewar bakin a farkon liyafar. A ƙarshen wata 1, waɗannan abubuwan sun ɓace.

Bayanai daga umarnin don sakamako masu illa waɗanda ke faruwa a cikin sama da 1% (bisa ga ƙungiyar WHO ana ɗauka akai-akai) na marasa lafiya da ke ɗaukar losartan:

A cikin 10% na marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari da kuma nakasa aiki na renal, an sami karuwa a cikin jini na jini zuwa 5.5 kuma mafi girma tare da daidaitaccen al'ada na 3.4-5.3. Lokacin ɗaukar placebo, an gano irin wannan karuwa a cikin 3.4% na marasa lafiya. In ba haka ba, losartan yana da haƙuri a cikin wannan rukuni na marasa lafiya.

Dangane da umarnin, tare da raunin zuciya, an lura da hyperkalemia a cikin ƙasa da 1%, yawan tasirin da ba a so ya ƙaru tare da ƙaruwa mai yawa daga 50 zuwa 150 MG.

Contraindications

Umarnin amfani da losartan ya ƙunshi jerin abubuwan contraindications don amfanin sa:

1. A miyagun ƙwayoyi na iya haifar da rashin lafiyan halayen. Suna faruwa a ƙasa da 1% na marasa lafiya na hauhawar jini. Abubuwan anaphylactic ana iya yiwuwa, saboda haka, marasa lafiyar da suka taɓa fama da angioedema ya kamata suyi hankali musamman a farkon jiyya. Babban haɗarin yana cikin mutane masu rashin lafiyan ƙwaƙwalwar ACE.
2. An haramta shi saboda gazawar hanta mai ƙarfi, tun da aikin hanta mai rauni yana haifar da ƙaruwa mai yawa a cikin yawan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar losartan a cikin jini, wato, yawan zubar jini. Mai haƙuri na iya fuskantar matsanancin rashin lafiya da tachycardia.
3. Losartan da duk sartans bai kamata a bugu ba lokacin daukar ciki. Dangane da rarrabuwar FDA, wannan magani ya kasance ga rukuni na D. Wannan yana nufin cewa a cikin binciken an kafa shi kuma ya tabbatar da mummunan tasirinsa a tayin. Wataƙila rikicewar kodan na yaro, rage girman ƙasusuwan kwanyar, oligohydramnios. A cikin watanni na 1, amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba shi da haɗari. Umarnin don amfani ya ƙunshi nuni: idan ciki ya fara a lokacin shan Losartan, ana warke maganin cikin gaggawa. Mace na bukatar samun ƙarin jarrabawa a cikin watani na biyu - wani duban dan tayi na tayi don gano alamun rashin nasara a cikin haɓakar kodan da kwanyar.
4. An haramta amfani da Losartan a cikin hepatitis B, kamar yadda ba a sani ba ko ya shiga cikin madara.
5. Ba za a iya amfani da allunan Lozartan a cikin yara ba saboda ƙarancin bayanai game da amincinsa ga kwayoyin masu haɓaka.
6. A cikin abun da ake amfani da shi na losartan akwai lactose (ko cellactose), don haka ba za'a iya shan magungunan ba idan shaye shayensa ya lalace.
7. Sakamakon hulɗa na miyagun ƙwayoyi, an haramta shan shan losartan tare da aliskiren (kwayoyi daga matsin lamba na Rixil, Rasilez, Rasil) ga marasa lafiya da haɗarin haɗari na lalacewa na koda: tare da cututtukan sukari da cututtukan koda.

Sharuɗɗan da ke ƙasa ba su da tsayayyar contraindications don magani tare da losartan, amma suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman ga lafiyarsu: cutar koda, hyperkalemia, rashin zuciya, duk wani tashin hankali a cikin samar da jini ga kwakwalwa, ƙarancin samar da aldosterone.

Tun da losartan ba ya hulɗa tare da ethanol, umarnin ba su bayyana dacewa da barasa tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi. Koyaya, likitoci sun hana shan giya yayin jiyya tare da kowane irin kwayar cutar. Ethanol ya cutar da yanayin tasoshin jini, yana haɓaka haɓakar hauhawar jini don haka ya kawar da tasirin warkewar cutar ta Losartan.

Analogs da wasu abubuwa

A halin yanzu, kawai a Rasha fiye da dozin dolo na Cozaar suna rajista, kuma a cikin duniya akwai mafi yawan su. A cikin yawancin kantin magani, zaku iya siyan zaɓuɓɓuka guda biyu don sakin Cozaar:

• fakitin 14 Allunan 50 na 50 mg farashin kimanin 110 rubles.,
• Fakitin allunan 28 na kwayar 100 a kowace - 185 rubles.

Kwayoyin halittar masana'antar ƙwararrun masana'antu mafi tsada babu tsada, kuma wani lokacin kaɗan, fiye da na asali. Amma ana iya siyan su a kantin magani mafi kusa, kuma yana yiwuwa a zaɓi madaidaicin sashi.

Kuna iya maye gurbin losartan tare da kwayoyi masu zuwa:

Analogs na iya dan bambanta da na asali dangane da yadda ake daukar ruwa da karfin aiki, don haka, likitoci sun bada shawarar zabar wadancan kwayoyin halittun da suka wuce nasu gwajin asibiti. Misali, ga Lozap da Lorista, an tabbatar da tasirin sakamako na sa'o'i 24, tsarin aiki daidai a duk tsawon lokacin aikin, ƙaramar sakamako masu illa. Nazarin marasa lafiya ya tabbatar da ra'ayin likitoci. Babban kwamfutocin da aka zaba sune Lozartan daga Vertex da Ozone (Atoll), Lorista da Lozap.

Kwatantawa da irin kwayoyi

Nazarin da ya shafi kungiyoyi daban-daban na magungunan rigakafin cutar bai bayyana wani babban fa'ida ga kowane magungunan ba. Wannan yana nufin cewa duk magunguna na zamani daidai yadda aka rage matsa lamba da haɗarin CVD. A zahiri, idan aka zabi kashi daidai, an kuma ɗauki allunan akai-akai, ba tare da watsi ba. Babban bambance-bambance a cikin hanyar matsa lamba shine juriyarsu da ƙarfin tasirin sakamako, yana da waɗannan sharuɗan cewa an zaɓi magani mai mahimmanci.

Losaratan da ita analogues ana nuna su da haƙuri sosai:

1. Ba su da wataƙila fiye da wasu don haifar da matsanancin raguwa a cikin matsin lamba, ƙasa da yiwuwar haifar da jihohin collaptoid a cikin marasa lafiya.
2. Sabanin beta-blockers (propranolol, atenolol, da dai sauransu), analogues na Losartan ba su shafar bugun zuciya, ƙonewa, baya haifar da bronchospasm tare da tari.
3. Idan muka kwatanta sartan tare da manyan masu fafatawa, ACE inhibitors (captopril, enalapril, ramipril, da sauransu), to, ya juya cewa losartan yana haifar da tari sau da yawa (a cikin umarnin don amfani, mita shine 9.9% ga masu hana ACE, 3.1% don losartan ), hyperkalemia, Quincke's edema.
4. Tasirin losartan baya dogara da shekaru, jinsi, jinsi da sigogin hemodynamic.
5. A cikin sake dubawar marasa lafiya da ke shan miyagun ƙwayoyi, sau da yawa akwai sanarwa cewa losartan tana da rauni fiye da sauran magungunan ƙwayar cuta. Bincike ya musanta wannan gaskiyar. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa sakamakon wannan ƙwayar yana ƙaruwa a hankali, yana samun cikakken ƙarfi a cikin makonni 2-5. A ƙarshen wannan lokacin, tasirin Losartan daidai yake da na sauran magungunan antihypertensive.
6. Binciken bayanai daga yawancin bincike da suka shafi Losartan ya nuna cewa ikonta bai bambanta da masu hana ACE ba. Hakanan suna kusa don rage tasirin bugun jini da bugun zuciya, ingancin rayuwa, tasirin kan jikin marasa lafiyar da ke fama da cutar siga.
7. Tsawon lokaci yana ɗauka don cimma sakamako mafi ƙaranci ana cikin biya da dorewa daga Losartan. Tare da amfani na dogon lokaci, tasirin masu hana ACE da masu hana beta kewayawa na iya raguwa, kuma a cikin allunan Lozartan wannan ba shi da yawa.
8. A cikin raunin zuciya, har yanzu ba a tabbatar da amfani da Losartan da misalincinta ba; bayanan bincike na asibiti ba su yarda da ƙarshen ƙarshe ba. Har zuwa yau, haɗin aldosterone antagonists (spironolactone) tare da beta-blockers ana ɗauka mafi inganci. Haɗin sartan tare da masu hana ACE a wuri na biyu.

Neman Masu haƙuri