Idan a 1980 akwai marasa lafiya miliyan 153 masu ciwon sukari a cikin duniya, to a ƙarshen 2015 adadinsu ya karu sau 2.7 kuma sun kai miliyan 415.
Za'a iya bayyana lafiya cewa cutar sankarau wata cuta ce ta karni na 21, wanda alkalumma suka nuna rashin gamsuwarsu. Bayanai na WHO sun nuna cewa kowane sati 7 na masu cutar guda biyu ana gano su kuma haƙuri ɗaya ya mutu sakamakon rikicewar wannan cutar. Masana kimiyya suna da'awar cewa nan da shekarar 2030, cutar sankarau za ta zama sanadin mutuwa.
A cikin kasashen da suka ci gaba a yau, kusan kashi 12% na yawan jama'a na shan wahala, kuma wannan adadi zai karu duk shekara. Misali, a Amurka cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata, adadin masu cutar ya ninka ninki biyu. Kuma farashin magani, fa'idodin zamantakewa, asibiti na marasa lafiya da ke dauke da cutar sankara ya fi dala biliyan 250.
Cutar sankarau ba ta bar Rasha ba. A tsakanin duk ƙasashe na duniya, ana ɗaukar matsayi na 5 a yawan mutanen da ke ɗauke da wannan cuta. China ce kawai, wacce ke kan gaba, Indiya, Amurka da Brazil ce ke gaban ta. A Rasha, yawan marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar sankara na ta karuwa koyaushe, duk da cewa ba a gano rabin adadin jama'ar ba. A cikin ciwon sukari, har yanzu ba a fahimci cutar ba.
Cutar cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan mellitus tana ɗaukar girman kai a cikin cututtukan oncological da cututtukan zuciya. Mutane da yawa suna mutuwa daga gare shi kowace shekara, kuma mafi yawa suna koyo game da wannan cutar. Gada da yawan kiba sune manyan haɗarin wannan cutar. Lafiya, abincin da ba daidai ba. Misali, yawan wuce gona da iri tare da abinci mai daɗi ko mai ƙiba zai iya rushe farji. A ƙarshe, wannan zai haifar da ci gaban irin wannan cuta mai rikitarwa kamar ciwon sukari.
Abubuwan da ke tattare da Hadarin da kuma Gano
Abun takaici, kowa na iya zama cikin hadari. Daga cikin waɗannan, kusan 90% na yawan jama'a suna fama da ciwon sukari na 2, wani lokacin ba tare da saninsa ba. Ba kamar nau'in 1 ba, wanda marasa lafiya ke dogaro da insulin, nau'in cuta na 2 - maras insulin, kusan asymptomatic ne.
Amma, har ma jin daɗi, dole ne mutum ya manta da haɗarin cutar sankara. Sabili da haka, mai ciwon sukari ya kamata ya nemi likita da kansa kuma yayi gwajin jini don sanin matakin glucose.
Babban dalilan haɗarin sune:
- gado;
- ciki
- kiba
- haihuwa tare da nauyin jiki sama da kilogiram 4.5;
- damuwa na rai;
- hauhawar jini
- atherosclerosis da rikitarwarsa;
- tabarbarewa;
- hyperinsulinemia.
Ya kamata ka sani cewa cutar hawan jini tana kaiwa zuwa ga lalata ganuwar jijiyoyin jiki a idanu, kafafu, kodan, kwakwalwa da zuciya. A yau, makanta, gazawar yara da kuma abubuwan da ake kira yankan ratsa jiki suna kara faruwa saboda cutar sankara. Likitoci suna ba da shawarar gwajin jini a kalla sau ɗaya a shekara don sanin matakan glucose.
Gaskiya ne gaskiya ga mutanen da suka girmi shekaru 45 da ƙuruciya.
Bayyanar cututtuka na ci gaban cutar
Mafi yawan lokuta, marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari ba sa lura ko watsi da alamun farko. Amma idan an lura da fewan kaɗan daga cikin alamun bayyanar cututtuka, ya zama wajibi a yi ƙararrawa. Da gaggawa buƙatar zuwa wurin likita don yin bincike kan matakin glucose a cikin jini.
Ana ɗaukar ka'ida a matsayin mai nuna alama daga 3.3 zuwa 5.5 mmol / L Wucewa wannan ka’ida na nuna cewa mara lafiyar yana fama da cutar sankara.
Wadannan sune alamun cutar gama gari.
- Marasa lafiya tare da ciwon sukari sau da yawa yana jin ƙishirwa maras iyaka kuma yana gunaguni na yawan urination.
- Kodayake masu ciwon sukari suna kula da abinci mai kyau, asarar nauyi yana faruwa.
- Gajiya, gajiya kullun, amai, yawan damuwa a kafafu da malalata duka alamu ne na ciwon suga.
- Aikin jima'i da iko yana raguwa.
- Raunin rauni mai rauni sosai.
- Yawancin lokaci zafin jiki jikin mai ciwon sukari yana ƙasa da alamar al'ada - 36.6-36.7C.
- Mai haƙuri na iya yin gunaguni da ƙyallen da yatsu a cikin kafafu, wani lokacin cramps a cikin ƙwayoyin maraƙin.
- Hanyar cututtukan cututtuka, har ma da lokacin kulawa, yana da tsayi.
- Masu fama da cutar sankara sun koka da raunin gani.
Abun ban dariya ba shi da kyau tare da wannan cuta, sabili da haka, tunda kun lura da irin waɗannan alamun a cikin kanku, ya kamata ku tuntuɓi likitanku nan da nan.
Insulin - Tarihi da Aikace-aikacen
A cikin 1922, an gano insulin kuma an fara gabatar da shi ga mutane, gwajin bai yi nasara ba gaba ɗaya: insulin ya kasance mai tsafta sosai kuma yana haifar da rashin lafiyar. Bayan wannan, an dakatar da karatun na ɗan lokaci. An yi shi ne daga cututtukan karnukan aladu da aladu.
Injiniyan halittar jini ya koyi kirkirar insulin “mutum”. Lokacin da aka gudanar da insulin ga mai haƙuri, sakamako na gefen yana yiwuwa - hypoglycemia, wanda a cikin matakan glucose na jini ya ragu kuma ya zama ƙasa da al'ada. Sabili da haka, yayin allurar, mai haƙuri koyaushe ya kamata ya sami yanki na sukari, alewa, zuma, gaba ɗaya, wani abu wanda zai iya haɓaka matakan glucose da sauri.
Insulin da ba a bayyana ba kuma, sakamakon haka, halayen rashin lafiyan ɗan lokaci abu ne daɗaɗɗe. Rashin insulin na yau da kullun baya haifar da rashin lafiyar jiki kuma yana da aminci.
A farkon farkon nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, jikin mutum zai iya samar da insulin, saboda haka babu buƙatar allura ta musamman. A wannan yanayin, ya isa ya sha magungunan da ke motsa samar da insulin. Abin takaici, bayan shekaru 10-12 na cutar, mutum ya canza zuwa allura tare da insulin. Yawancin lokaci, mutane suna fama da ciwon sukari na 2 kuma ba su da masaniya game da shi, kuma bayan kamuwa da cutar ana tilasta su yin allurar cikin gaggawa.
Kasancewar nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 a cikin yara, abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari, saboda haka ake kiran shi cutar matasa. Ana samun wannan nau'in cutar a cikin 15% na masu ciwon sukari. Idan mai haƙuri da nau'in 1 ba a allura da insulin ba, zai mutu.
A yau, magunguna da allurar insulin hanya ce tabbatacciya kuma mai aminci don kula da ciwon sukari.
Kula da rayuwa mai tsayi da koshin lafiya, bin tsarin da yakamata, da kuma kula da kanku shine mabuɗin don cin nasara a kan cutar.
Yin rigakafin Cuta
Wasu lokuta, da suka ji bayyanar cutar, masu ciwon sukari da yawa sukan tashi su fara cutar. A cikin fahimtarsu, ciwon sukari cuta ce mai warkewa, to menene ma'anar yaƙar ta? Amma kar a daina, saboda wannan ba jumla ce. Ciwon sukari ba shi da lafiya a duk sasanninta na duniya, don haka sun koyi yadda za a shawo kan sa a Rasha da Ukraine, da kuma a Jamus, Amurka, Faransa, Turkiya.
Tare da gano lokaci na cutar, magani mai dacewa, abinci, masu ciwon sukari kuma suna rayuwa kamar talakawa. An yi imanin cewa mutane masu ciwon sukari suna rayuwa fiye da mutane masu lafiya. Za'a iya yin bayanin wannan ta hanyar cewa sun fi dacewa da kulawa da lafiyar su, alal misali, suna sa ido kan sukari na jini, cholesterol, duba hawan jini da sauran mahimman alamomi.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa kowa na iya kamuwa da cutar sankara, zaku iya rage yiwuwar faruwar hakan ta hanyar bin shawarwarin da ke gaba:
- Kula da nauyin jikin al'ada. Don yin wannan, zaku iya yin lissafin ƙididdigar ƙwayar jikin mutum azaman rabo daga nauyi (kg) zuwa tsayi (m). Idan wannan manuniya ya wuce 30, to akwai matsalar kiba mai yawa wacce take buƙatar magance ta. Don yin wannan, dole ne a yi aikin motsa jiki amma kar a wuce gona da iri. Sweets, kitsen dabbobi ya kamata a cire shi daga abincin, kuma akasin haka ku ci ƙarin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari.
- Bin rayuwa mai aiki. Idan baku da lokacin yin aiki a cikin dakin motsa jiki kuma ku sami ayyukan motsa jiki tare da ciwon sukari, akalla yin tafiya aƙalla minti 30 a rana ya isa.
- Kada kuyi magani da kansu kuma kada kuyi cutar da kanshi, idan ya cancanta, nemi likita akan lokaci kuma ku bi duk shawarwarinsa.
- Usearyata shan taba sigari da aiki;
- Ko da babu alamun bayyanar cututtuka, gwajin jini a kalla sau ɗaya a shekara ba zai taɓa yin rauni ba, musamman idan mutum ya cika shekara 40.
- Yi gwajin cholesterol sau ɗaya a shekara, idan sakamakon ya fi 5 mmol / l, kai tsaye ga likitanka.
- Kalli karfin jininka.
Lokacin da alamun farko na ciwon sukari suka bayyana, yakamata a tuntuɓi likitan kwantar da hankali ko endocrinologist.
Idan kana da ciwon sukari, kada ka runtse hannayenka. Hanyoyin zamani na jiyyarsa suna ba ku damar yin rayuwa cikakku tare da mutane masu lafiya.
A cikin ciwon sukari, yana da matukar muhimmanci a bi abinci na musamman kuma a kula a kai a kai cewa wuce kima ba ya bayyana. Hakanan, kar a manta game da gwaje-gwajen likita na yau da kullun waɗanda ke buƙatar a kai a kai. Da kyau, ba shakka, koyaushe ku tuna cewa kowace cuta ita ce mafi kyau don hanawa fiye da bi da bi.
A cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin, an ba da mahimmancin hanyoyin gano cutar da manyan alamu.
