Shawarwarin asibiti don haemochromatosis: kusanci ga ganewar asali da kuma lura da cututtukan cuta

Hemochromatosis cuta ce mai gado wanda ke da alaƙa da yawan ƙarfe a cikin gabobin narkewa da ƙari mai yawa a cikin gabobin ciki.

Ciwon hanta ya fi sauran. Gano farkon cutar haemochromatosis, ganowarsa da magani ba zai ba da damar ci gaban sakamako ba.

Hemochromatosis: menene wannan cuta?

Don fahimtar asalin cutar, kuna buƙatar sanin irin ƙarfe da mutum yakamata yakamata ya samu. A cikin maza, baƙin ƙarfe kusan 500-1500 MG ne, kuma a cikin mata, daga 300 zuwa 1000 MG. Alamun ba kawai sun dogara ne da jinsi ba, har ma da nauyin mutum. Fiye da rabin adadin baƙin ƙarfe suna cikin haemoglobin.

Kimanin 20 MG na wannan microelement yana shiga jiki tare da abinci kowace rana. Daga cikin waɗannan, kawai 1-1.5 MG ne yake shiga cikin hanji. Tare da hemochromatosis (GC) ko siderophilia, kamar yadda ake kira wannan cuta, sha yana ƙaruwa zuwa 4 MG kowace rana, kuma baƙin ƙarfe a hankali yana tarawa a cikin jijiyoyin gabobin jiki daban-daban.

Cikakken hanta da haemochromatosis

Yawan wuce haddi yana lalata kwayoyin sunadarai da carbohydrates, ya kuma inganta sashin jikin kansa. A cikin marasa lafiya da GC, adadin baƙin ƙarfe a cikin hanta na iya kaiwa 1% na bushewar ƙwayar, wanda aka cika tare da cirrhosis, kuma a cikin uku na lokuta tare da ciwon hanta. Lalacewar baƙin ƙarfe, ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na iya ba da ci gaba ga ci gaban ciwon sukari.

Da yake ana ajiye shi a cikin ƙwayar gwal, baƙin ƙarfe yakan lalata tsarin endocrine. Gabobin haifuwa suna wahala fiye da wasu: maza suna da lalata yanayin haihuwa, kuma mata na iya haɓaka rasa haihuwa.

Sanadin faruwa

Babban dalilin GC shine “rashin aiki” na hanyar ajiya, ko kuma,, HFE gene. Shine ya tsara yadda ake sarrafa sinadarai da kuma yawan iron din da yake shiga jiki a matsayin wani abinci. Juyin da ke faruwa a ciki yana haifar da rushewar ƙwayar ƙarfe.

Sauran dalilan na GC sune:

• thalassemia. A wannan yanayin, an lalata tsarin haemoglobin tare da sakin baƙin ƙarfe;
• hepatitis;
• baƙin ƙarfe na iya ƙaruwa sakamakon yawan zubar jini. Gaskiyar ita ce rayuwar rayuwar ƙwayoyin jan jini na baƙin jini ya fi gajerunsu yawa. Idan suka mutu, sukan ɓoye baƙin ƙarfe;
• hanyoyin maganin hemodialysis.

Lambar ICD-10 da rarrabuwa

A cikin abubuwan da aka yarda gabaɗaya game da cututtukan GC, an sanya lambar E83.1.

A cikin jijiya etiological, na farko (ko GC na gado) da sakandare an bambanta:

• na farko. Wannan nau'in cutar yana da dabi'a ta gado kuma sakamakon lahani ne a cikin tsarin enzyme wanda ke shafar metabolism din baƙin ƙarfe. An gano shi a cikin mutane 3 daga 1000. An lura cewa maza sun fi kamuwa da wannan cutar kuma suna fama da ita sau 3 fiye da mata;
• sakandare. Dalilinsa shine cututtukan hanta na mai haƙuri (wanda aka lura da shi sau da yawa), zubar jini, kulawa da kai tare da bitamin gidaje tare da baƙin ƙarfe mai yawa. Dalilin samun GC na iya zama matsalolin fata da cututtukan jini.

Kwayar cutar

Halin hemochromatosis (PCH) yana da alaƙa da haɓakar hankali, kuma a farkon matakan, marasa lafiya suna koka da gajiya. Wataƙila suna damuwa da jin zafi a gefen dama da bushewar fata.

Matsakaicin matakin PCH yana halin:

• takamaiman launi na fuska, wuya, makamai da kibiyoyi. Sun sami tagulla na tagulla;
• cirrhosis na hanta. Gano cikin 95% na lokuta;
• bugun zuciya;
• amosanin gabbai;
• ciwon sukari mellitus: a cikin 50% na lokuta;
• faɗaɗa girman ciki;
• lalatawar jima'i.

A cikin matakai na ƙarshe, ana lura da hauhawar jini da ascites. Ciwon hanta na iya ci gaba.

Secondary

Tunda an kafa ƙarfe mai yawa a cikin shekaru, alamun bayyanar GC na sakandare suna bayyana a cikin maza bayan shekaru 40, kuma a cikin mata bayan shekaru 60.

Bayyanar cututtuka sune kamar haka:

• melasma;
• gajiya da rashi nauyi;
• rage libido;
• faɗaɗawa da yawaitar ƙwayar hanta.
• cirrhosis (a cikin matakin karshe na GC).

Gwajin jini da sauran hanyoyin bincike

Masanin ilimin gastroenterologist ya tabbatar da cutar. A farkon matakan cutar, gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje suna da mahimmanci.

Tare da GC, ana yin gwaje-gwaje na jini na musamman don gano ƙimar baƙin ƙarfe a cikin plasma, ƙarancin ƙarfin ƙarfe da kuma jikewa tare da canja wurin.

Babban alamar cutar ita ce adanar hemosiderin a cikin hepatocytes na hanta, a fata da sauran gabobin, waɗanda ke zama “m” saboda yalwar wannan launi. Hakanan ana buƙatar gwajin jini gaba ɗaya don ilimin dabbobi, kazalika da sukari. Bugu da kari, ana daukar gwajin hanta.

Bugu da kari, ana kuma yin nazarin kayan aiki:

• nazarin halittun hanta ita ce babbar hanyar tabbatar da GC;
• Duban dan tayi na ciki;
• MRI na hanta (a wasu halaye);
• echocardiography, don ware / tabbatar da katin ƙwaƙwalwa;
• hadin gwiwa daukar hoto.

Yaya za a bi da cutar haemochromatosis?

Abincin warkewa

Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa tare da cutar haemochromatosis, rage cin abinci ya kamata ya zama tsawon rai.

Babban ka'ida shine mafi girman raguwa a cikin abincin kayan samfuri na baƙin ƙarfe, musamman:

• wuya cheeses da kifayen teku;
• hatsi: oat, gero da buckwheat;
• burodin baƙar fata;
• ganyayyaki da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu bushe;
• ascorbic acid da kwayoyi tare da babban abun ciki na bitamin C;
• offal, musamman hanta, an yanke hukunci gaba daya.

Barasa giya cikakke ne. Amma shayi da kofi, akasin haka, an nuna. Suna da tannin, wanda ke rage jinkirin ƙarfe.

Jerin kwayoyi da aka yi amfani da su

Ana gudanar da wannan magani tare da kwayoyi waɗanda ke cire ƙarfe daga jikin mai haƙuri. A farkon matakin, an tsara bitamin A, E da folic acid. Sannan a shafa maneman (kamar Desferal).

Mai son kai

Allurar allura: 1g / rana. Tuni 500 MG na miyagun ƙwayoyi yana ba da sakamako mai gamsarwa: har zuwa 43 MG na baƙin ƙarfe an keɓe shi. A hanya har zuwa 1.5 watanni. Yin amfani da dogon lokaci yana da haɗari: girgije ruwan tabarau mai yiwuwa ne.

Phlebotomy da sauran hanyoyin warkewa

Phlebotomy ita ce mafi sauki kuma, a lokaci guda, ingantacciyar hanyar amfani da magunguna ba ta GC ba.

Ana yin huci a cikin jijiyar mara lafiya, kuma ana fitar da jini daga jiki. Kimanin mil 500 na magudana na mako guda.

Hanyar ita ce outpatient. Ana gwada jini koyaushe don taro ferrin: ya kamata ya sauke zuwa 50. Wannan na iya ɗaukar shekaru 2-3. Bugu da ari, aikin tiyata yana da niyyar riƙe ingantaccen darajar wannan abun alama.

Jiyya tare da magunguna na jama'a

Wannan farjin yana da tasiri mai sauki ga gabobin marassa lafiya.

Kula da hanta:

• kabewa. Yana da kyau duka a cikin ɗanye da kuma a cikin yin burodi. An ƙara kayan lambu zuwa salads ko gauraye da zuma - mai daɗi da lafiya! Hakanan an nuna ruwan 'ya'yan itace Pumpkin: rabin gilashin akan komai a ciki;
• gwoza - Wani samfurin mai amfani don GC. Yi amfani da shi a cikin tsari ko tsari. Ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai laushi da sabo.

Don maganin zuciya, zaku iya ba da shawara ga infusions na hawthorn, adonis ko motherwort. Ganyen an zuba shi da ruwan zãfi kuma, bayan nace, sun bugu bisa ga umarnin.

Maganin cutar tarin fuka:

• plantain seedction zai taimaka. Sakamako: 1 tbsp. albarkatun kasa zuwa 1 tbsp. ruwa. Abubuwan da aka karya suna Boiled na 5 da minti, sanyaya kuma sun dauki abinci kafin abinci don 1 tbsp;
• zuma tare da kirfa. Sakamako: 1 tbsp. foda zuwa 1 tbsp na ruwa. Nace mintuna 15-30. kuma kara dan zuma. Bar don wani 2 hours. Duk hanyoyin na bukatar sha da rana.

Da amfani kuma ba za'a iya maganin oatmeal ba (tare da husk). Yankin: 100 g na hatsi zuwa lita 1.5 na ruwa. Tafasa don akalla rabin sa'a. Bayan haka, dama a cikin kwanon da aka dafa abincin, sai a murƙushe shi har sai gruel ya sake tafasa na tsawon mintuna 40. Rayuw ɗin da aka tace bai wuce kwanaki 2 ba. Sha rabin gilashi kafin abinci.

Magungunan Cutar Kwayar cuta

Ironarfe baƙin ƙarfe a cikin gabobin yana haifar da ci gaban cututtukan cuta da yawa. Dukkanin suna buƙatar maganin jiyya. Misali, idan GC ya ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban ciwon sukari, dole ne a bi da marayi, koyaushe yana kiyaye yawan sukari.

Tsarin ci gaba da jagororin asibiti

Amma idan ana aiwatar da ilimin a karkashin kulawa na likita kuma a kan lokaci, to rayuwar mai haƙuri yana ƙaruwa sosai.

Kasancewa cutar cuta ce, hemochromatosis a cikin 25% na lokuta ana gano shi a cikin dangin mai haƙuri. Don haka, dole ne a kara nazarin su. Wannan zai ba da damar gano cutar tun kafin bayyanar asibiti kuma a nan gaba don guje wa rikitarwarsa.

Game da batun GC na sakandare, ana ba da shawarar rage cin abinci, yana da muhimmanci a kiyaye yanayin hanta da jini ƙarƙashin kulawa. Hemochromatosis da aka gano a lokacin daukar ciki (ko a matakin tsari) ba shi da haɗari.

Bidiyo masu alaƙa

Game da bayyanar cututtuka, dalilai da hanyoyin magani don haemochromatosis a cikin bidiyon:

Abin takaici, har yanzu ba a gano tushen dalilin haemochromatosis ba. Amma a halin yanzu, an samar da wata cikakkiyar dabara ta musamman da ake amfani da ita kuma ana amfani da ita sosai, manufar ita ce ta katse bayyanar cututtukan asibiti da rage hadarin da ke tattare da rikice-rikice.