Nau'in cututtukan hypercholesterolemia da tasirin sa ga ci gaban cututtuka

Hypercholesterolemia da gaske ba cuta ba ce. Wannan wata cuta ce wacce acikinta take da farin jini.

Yana iya ɗauka cewa irin wannan sabon abu bai cika kyau ba, amma a zahiri, idan babu magani, sakamakon zai iya zama wanda ba a iya faɗi sosai ba. Yana da hypercholesterolemia wanda shine mafi yawan lokuta matsalolin zuciya kuma, sakamakon haka, tsarin jijiyoyin jiki yana lalata, kuma sauran cututtuka da rikice-rikice kuma za a iya tayar da hankali.

Atherosclerosis daya ne daga cikin rikice-rikice na hypercholesterolemia, saboda haka sanin wannan ciwo yana da mahimmanci. Wannan zai taimaka ba kawai gano da hana ci gabanta ba, har ma don zaɓin mafi kyawun magani a cikin wani yanayi.

Menene hypercholesterolemia?

Hypercholesterolemia ra'ayi ne na helenanci wanda ke nufin hawan jini. Ba za a iya kiran wannan sabon abu a cikin daidaitaccen fahimtar cutar ba, a'a, cuta ce, wanda, duk da haka, yana da haɗari ga mutane.

Ya fi zama ruwan dare a ɓangaren namiji kuma yana iya haifar da cututtuka masu zuwa:

• ciwon sukari mellitus;
• ischemia na zuciya;
• cutar gallstone;
• adana cholesterol;
• atherosclerosis;
• kiba.

Za'a iya tantance hypercholesterolemia mai tsabta idan kowace lita na cholesterol ta ƙunshi 200 mg ko fiye. An sanya mata lamba don mkb 10 - E78.0.

Daga ina ne yawan ƙwayoyin cuta?

Cholesterol abu ne mai kama da mai, yawancin shine jikinta ya samar da kusan kashi 20% ne daga abinci. Ana buƙata don ƙirƙirar bitamin D, halittar abubuwa waɗanda ke haɓaka narkewar abinci da samuwar kwayoyin.

A gaban hypercholesterolemia, jiki ba shi iya aiwatar da adadin mai. Wannan yawanci yakan faru ne akan tushen kiba, idan mutum yaci abinci mai yawan kitse kuma irin waɗannan abincin suna cikin al'ada.

Hakanan, ana iya lura da yawan ƙwayar cholesterol tare da cututtukan da ke biyo baya da ayyukan jiki masu rauni:

• cutar hanta
• hypothyroidism (aikin thyroid mai tsayayye);
• amfani da magunguna na dogon lokaci (progestins, steroids, diuretics);
• tashin hankali da damuwa;
• canje-canje a cikin yanayin hormonal;
• nephrotic syndrome.

A matakin farko, bayyanar cututtuka ba su nan, suna zama sananne yayin ci gaba da cuta. Daga baya, wannan yana fassara zuwa bayyanar cututtuka a cikin hauhawar jini ko atherosclerosis, ƙarshen yana faruwa mafi yawa tare da wannan cuta.

Siffofin cutar da bambance-bambancensu

An rarraba wannan ilimin ta hanyar larura a kan dalilan da suka sa aka inganta shi.

Gabaɗaya, akwai nau'ikan cutar guda 3, waɗannan sune:

• na farko;
• sakandare;
• alimentary.

Ba a yi nazarin ƙaramin firamare ba, saboda haka har yanzu babu sauran hanyar tabbatar da kawar da ita. Amma, a cewar ka'idar Fredrickson, gado ne kuma yana iya fara tashi dangane da lalacewar kwayoyin halittar. Hanyar homozygous shine yada cutar ta hannun yaro daga iyayen biyu, heterozygous - ana yada kwayar ta hanyar daga ɗayan iyayen.

Akwai abubuwa guda 3:

• lahani na lipoproteins;
• cuta ji na nama;
• lahani mai haɗari na enzymes na sufuri.

Hanya na biyu na hypercholesterolemia yana faruwa a yanzu tare da wasu rikice-rikice da cututtuka a cikin jiki, suna iya haɗawa:

• endocrine;
• hepatic;
• na koda

Nau'i na uku, alimentary, ya taso sakamakon yanayin rayuwa mara kyau, mummunan halaye da rashin wasanni.

Sanadin sa na iya zama kamar haka:

• shan taba
• yawan shan barasa;
• amfani da abinci na yau da kullun;
• kwayoyi masu guba;
• rashin motsa jiki;
• takarce abinci tare da sunadarai ƙari.

Hanyar waje na kowane nau'i yana da irin wannan takamaiman bayani, ba tare da bayyanar abubuwa na waje ba. Za'a iya yin maganin ne bisa gwajin jini idan matakin kwai ya zarce 5.18 mmol a lita 1.

Fasali na hypercholesterolemia na iyali

Ilimin dabbobi da yawa sun fara ne lokacin haihuwa kuma ana tare da su gabaɗaya rayuwa. Wannan nau'in cutar yana faruwa a cikin hanyar farko, kasancewa mai mulkin kansa, ana yada shi daga ɗayan iyayen (nau'in heterozygous) ko duka biyun (homozygous).

A cikin bambance-bambancen heterozygous, rabin rabin masu karɓar B E suna aiki a cikin mai haƙuri, kuma yawan lokuta ya faɗi akan mutum ɗaya daga 500. A cikin irin waɗannan mutane, ƙwaƙwalwar jini kusan sau 2 ya fi ta al'ada, ya kai daga 9 zuwa 12 mmol / lita.

Za'a iya tantance nau'in heterozygous na familial hypercholesterolemia idan:

• cholesterol esters a cikin jijiyoyin, yana sa su zama sananne;
• baka na tsaye mai kyau (ba za'a iya lura dashi ba);
• zuciya ischemia (a cikin maza bayan 40, a cikin mata har ma daga baya).

Wajibi ne a kula da ciwo tun daga lokacin ƙuruciya, gudanar da prophylaxis da kuma bin abinci. Yana da mahimmanci kada ku manta game da waɗannan matakan a duk rayuwa.

Matsalar zuciya tana farawa ne kafin shekara 20, ba za a iya bi da su da magani ba, don haka ya zama tilas hanta.

Tare da hyzycholesterolemia na homozygous, ana lura da cin zarafi ba kawai a yankin jijiya ba, har ma a gindi, gwiwoyi, gwiyoyin hannu har ma da mucous membrane na bakin kogo.

Akwai ma lokuta da suka shafi bugun zuciya a cikin jarirai ɗaya da rabi. Don magani, ana amfani da hanyoyi kamar su plasmapheresis ko plasmosorption.

Farkon bayyanar infarction na zuciya na iya magana game da yanayin gado na hypercholesterolemia, yayin da abubuwa ba kamar kiba da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ba.

Bayyanar asibiti

Hypercholesterolemia hanya ce ta kai tsaye zuwa ci gaban atherosclerosis, bambanci shine kawai a cikin transience, wanda ya dogara da dalilin cutar.

Tare da hypercholesterolemia na familial, lipoproteins sun kasa haɗuwa tare da cholesterol, suna tura shi ga kowane ƙayyadaddun kwayoyin.

Har ila yau, kwalabe na cholesterol suna fitowa, suna haifar da matsaloli kamar:

• rikicewar zuciya;
• matsaloli a cikin aikin jijiyoyin jini;
• isasshen wadatar jini ga dukkan sassan jikin mutum.

Duk wannan yana haifar da wasu cututtukan, amma da alama yana iya samun inflat ɗin ƙananan ƙwayar cuta ko da a farkon lokacin ƙuruciya. Matakan cholesterol suna da alaƙa da cututtukan da ake iya faɗi. Duk rukunin da ke fama da hypercholesterolemia suna da matakin haɗari na mutum don rikitarwa.

Bayyanar cutar

Ba shi yiwuwa a gano babban cholesterol ba tare da bincike na musamman ba kuma ba za a iya samun alamun bayyanar alamun kasancewar wannan cutar ba.

Mafi yawan lokuta, mutane suna koyo game da bayyanar cututtuka yayin da suke yin gwaji na likita. A kowane hali, kuna buƙatar zuwa asibiti don yin gwaje-gwaje da yawa na dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da jerin ƙididdigar masu zuwa:

• bayanin da aka samo ta hanyar yin tambayoyi game da mara lafiya da kuma gunaguni game da bayyanar plaques, xanthelasma, da sauransu.;
• jarrabawa ta jiki;
• gwajin jini;
• urinalysis;
• nassi na bayanan lipid;
• gwajin jini don rigakafi;
• gwajin jini na biochemical;
• Nazarin kwayoyin halittar jini.

Dukkanin yana farawa tare da tattaunawa game da halin da mai haƙuri, dole ne ya ba da labarin yadda yake ji, bayyanar sababbin tsararraki akan fatar, tsawon lokacin da ya faru, da kuma amintaccen amsoshin tambayoyin likita. Duk waɗannan bayanan za su taka babbar rawa kuma, idan gaskiya ne, zai zama sauƙi a kwatanta sakamakon binciken tare da koke-koken haƙuri.

Misali, tambayoyi zasu danganta tsawon lokacin da xanthomas suka bayyana - irin wannan farin nodules a saman jijiyoyin. Yatsun bakin ciki na cornea na iya bayyana, yana wakiltar rim a kusa da cornea ido, ana ajiye cholesterol a ciki.

To, bayani yana farawa game da irin cututtukan da mara lafiyar ya samu a baya da kuma abin da iyayen sa ke da shi, menene yiwuwar tuntuɓar muhalli mai kamuwa da cuta, sana'ar haƙuri.

Bayan bincika jiki, zaka iya samun cikakkiyar hoto tare da kayan ƙira akan jikin.

Gwajin jini, gwajin fitsari da kuma nazarin kwayoyin halittu na iya taimakawa wajen gano ciwan mai kumburi da kuma ci gaba da cututtukan da suka shafi asalin cutar. Kwayar halittar jini za ta taimaka wajen samar da ainihin abubuwan da ke cikin cholesterol, furotin, gami da rushewar abubuwan da ke cikin sel, domin fahimtar yadda tsarin zai iya tasiri.

Daya daga cikin mahimman nazarin shine bayanin martaba. Ita ce za ta iya taimakawa wajen inganta ci gaban atherosclerosis, godiya ga binciken da ake yi game da ƙwayoyin lemu (mai kama da kitse).

Lipids ya kasu kashi biyu:

• atherogenic (mai kama-mai - haifar da atherosclerosis);
• antiatherogenic (hana atherosclerosis).

Wani bincike yana buƙatar bincike na rigakafi don gano matakin rigakafi a cikin abubuwan gina jiki na jini. Wannan zai taimaka wajen tabbatarwa ko kawar da kasancewar kamuwa da cuta, tunda abubuwanda suke gina jiki na jini suna lalata kwayoyin kasashen waje, kuma in babu aikinsu, ana kunna kwayoyin halittar kasashen waje.

Mataki na ƙarshe na ganewar asali yana buƙatar ɗaukar gwaje-gwaje daga dangi don fahimtar daidai wane nau'in cututtukan hypercholesterolemia da ake zargi da kuma menene rawar gado a cikin wani yanayi.

Jiyya na Pathology

Ana iya magance Hypercholesterolemia ta amfani da magunguna na musamman, akwai kuma hanyoyin da za a iya rage yiwuwar rikitarwa ba tare da wani magani ba.

Magungunan magani

Wadannan kwayoyi suna cikin magunguna don magance cutar:

• Statins (ƙananan ƙwayar cholesterol, rage kumburi, samar da kariya ga tasoshin da ke ciki, amma yana iya zama cutarwa ga hanta, don haka ƙwayar ba ta dace da cututtukan wannan sashin jiki ba);
• Ezetimibe (irin waɗannan kwayoyi suna toshe ƙwayoyin cholesterol ta sel, amma tasirin ba shi da girma musamman saboda gaskiyar cewa yawancin ƙwayoyin cholesterol ana samarwa ta hanyar kanta);
• Fibrates (don rage triglycerides kuma lokaci guda ƙara yawan lipoproteins mai yawa);
• Masu neman matsakaici (wanke cholesterol daga mayukan mai, amma debe shi ne cewa zasu iya shafar tsarin abinci da dandano mai inganci).

A cikin lokuta masu rauni na cutar, wajibi ne don tsarkake jini, daidaita tsarin abin da ya ƙunsa da kaddarorin, saboda wannan an ɗauke shi a waje da jikin mutum.

Littattafan bidiyo daga Dr. Malysheva game da rashin lafiyar hypercholesterolemia:

Yadda za a daidaita yanayin ba tare da kwayoyi ba?

Magungunan marasa magani, wanda mai haƙuri dole ne ya aiwatar bayan tattaunawa ta farko tare da likita, shima yana taka rawar gani.

Ya hada da:

• rike nauyi a matakan yau da kullun;
• wasannin motsa jiki;
• kin amincewa da kitse na dabbobi;
• ba da munanan halaye.

Akwai magungunan gargajiya waɗanda ke taimakawa a cikin yaƙi da hypercholesterolemia, amma dole ne a yi amfani da su bayan tattaunawa tare da likita, don kada ku cutar da kanku kuma.