Me yasa za'a gwada shi don glycated haemoglobin, yadda za ayi shi da yadda yake a al'ada

Kuna iya koyo game da farkon cutar sankarar mellitus ko kimanta ingancin aikinta ba kawai ta kasancewar takamaiman alamu ko matakan glucose na jini ba. Ofaya daga cikin alamomin ingantattu sune hawan jini. Bayyanar cututtukan ciwon sukari galibi suna zama sananne yayin da sukari ya wuce 13 mmol / L. Wannan babban matakin gaskiya ne, tare da ci gaba mai sauƙi na rikitarwa.

Gwargwadon jini mai canzawa ne, sau da yawa yana canza darajar, bincike yana buƙatar shiri na farko da kuma yanayin lafiyar mai haƙuri. Saboda haka, ana ɗaukar ma'anar glycated haemoglobin (GH) azaman kayan bincike na "zinari" ga masu ciwon sukari. Ana iya bayar da gudummawar jini don bincike a kan kari, ba tare da shiri mai yawa ba, jerin abubuwan contraindications sun fi kunkuntar fiye da na glucose. Tare da taimakon bincike kan GG, cututtukan da suka gabaci ciwon sukari mellitus kuma za a iya gano su: rashin illa ga glycemia na azumi ko haƙuri.

Yadda ake kwalliyar haemoglobin

Hemoglobin yana cikin sel jini, jikunan jini, ginin sunadarai ne na dunkulalliya. Babban aikinta shi ne jigilar iskar oxygen ta cikin jiragen ruwa, daga abubuwan ƙona huhu zuwa kyallen, inda bai isa ba. Kamar kowane furotin, haemoglobin zai iya amsawa tare da monosaccharides - glycate. An ba da shawarar kalmar "glycation" don amfani da daɗewa ba, kafin a kira wannan haemoglobin da ake kira glycosylated. A halin yanzu, ana iya samo waɗannan ma'anar duka.

Dalilin glycation shine ƙirƙirar babban haɗin gwiwa tsakanin kwayoyin glucose da ƙwayoyin haemoglobin. Halin guda ɗaya yana faruwa tare da sunadaran da ke kunshe a cikin gwajin, lokacin da ɓawon burodi na zinare a saman kek. Saurin halayen yana dogara da yawan zafin jiki da yawan sukari a cikin jini. Yawancin hakan shine, babban sashi na haemoglobin yana da glycated.

Ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini zai zama abin da ya wuce

• Normalization na sukari -95%
• Cirewa kan jijiyoyin mara wuya - 70%
• Cire zuciyar mai karfin zuciya -90%
• Rabu da cutar hawan jini - 92%
• Increasearuwar kuzarin rana, inganta bacci da dare -97%

A cikin tsofaffi masu lafiya, haɗarin haemoglobin yana gab da: aƙalla 97% yana cikin tsari A. Ana iya ƙoshinsa don samar da ƙananan abubuwa guda uku: a, b da c. HbA1a da HbA1b sun zama mafi wuya, rabonsu ƙasa da 1%. Ana samun HbA1c sosai sau da yawa. Lokacin da ake magana game da ƙaddarar dakin gwaje-gwaje na matakan haemoglobin na glycated, a mafi yawan lokuta suna nufin siffar A1c.

Idan glucose na jini bai wuce 6 mmol / l ba, matakin wannan haemoglobin a cikin maza, mata da yara bayan shekara guda zai kusan 6%. Thearfin da ke da ƙarfi kuma mafi yawan lokuta sukari yana tashi, kuma tsawon lokacin da yake ƙaruwa da yawa yana kasancewa a cikin jini, hakan yana ƙara sakamako na GH.

Nazarin GH

GH yana cikin jinin kowane dabba na dabbobi, har ma da mutane. Babban dalilin bayyanar shi shine glucose, wanda aka samo shi daga carbohydrates daga abinci. Matsayin glucose a cikin mutane tare da daidaitaccen metabolism shine barga kuma maras kyau, duk ana sarrafa carbohydrates akan lokaci kuma ana ciyar da kuzarin bukatun makamashi na jiki. A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, wani ɓangare ko duk glucose ya daina shiga cikin kyallen, don haka matakinsa ya tashi zuwa lambobi masu wuce gona da iri. Tare da nau'in cuta ta 1, mara lafiya yana saka insulin a cikin sel don gudanar da glucose, kamar wanda ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta samar. Tare da nau'in cuta ta 2, wadatar da glucose ga tsokoki yana ta da hankali ta hanyar kwayoyi na musamman. Idan tare da irin wannan jiyya yana yiwuwa a kula da matakin sukari kusa da al'ada, ana ganin lada kamar ragi.

Don gano tsalle-tsalle a cikin sukari a cikin ciwon sukari, dole ne a auna shi kowane 2 hours. Binciken gemoclobin na glycated yana ba ku damar yin adalci daidai da matsakaicin ƙwayar jini. Kyautar guda ɗaya na jini ya isa don gano idan an rama ciwon sukari a cikin watanni 3 da suka gabata na gwajin.

Hemoglobin, gami da glycated, yana rayuwa kwanaki 60-120. Sakamakon haka, gwajin jini ga GG sau ɗaya kwata zai rufe duk mahimman ƙaruwa na sukari a cikin shekara.

Umarni na isarwa

Sakamakon bambancinsa da babban daidaitorsa, ana amfani da wannan bincike sosai a cikin nazarin cututtukan sukari. Har ila yau yana bayyana ɓoye ɓoye a cikin sukari (alal misali, cikin dare ko kuma nan da nan bayan cin abinci), wanda ba daidaitaccen gwajin glucose na azumi ko gwajin haƙuri haƙuri.

Sakamakon bai shafi cututtukan cututtuka ba, yanayin damuwa, motsa jiki, giya da taba, kwayoyi, gami da kwayoyin halittu.

Yadda za'a gudanar da bincike:

1. Samu isar game da ƙaddarawar gemocosylated haemoglobin daga likita ko endocrinologist. Wannan na iya yiwuwa idan kuna da alamun cutar takamaiman mellitus na sukari ko kuma karuwa a cikin glukos din jini, koda guda ɗaya ne.
2. Tuntuɓi dakin bincike na kasuwanci mafi kusa ku ɗauki gwajin GH na kuɗi. Ba a buƙatar umarnin likita ba, tun da binciken ba ya haifar da ƙarancin haɗari ga lafiya.
3. Wadanda ke kera magunguna don lissafin haemoglobin ba su da wasu bukatu na musamman ga sukarin jini a lokacin bayarwa, wato, shiri na farko ba lallai bane. Koyaya, wasu dakunan gwaje-gwaje sun fi son shan jini a kan komai a ciki. Don haka, suna neman rage yiwuwar kuskure saboda karuwar matakin lipids a cikin kayan gwaji. Don bincike ya zama abin dogaro, ya ishe ranar isarwa Kada ku ci abinci mai kitse.
4. Bayan kwanaki 3, sakamakon gwajin jini zai kasance cikin shiri kuma a watsa shi ga likitan halartar. A cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje, ana iya samun bayanai game da matsayin lafiyar ku a ranar gobe.

Lokacin da sakamakon na iya zama ba abin dogaro ba

Sakamakon binciken bazai dace da ainihin matakin sukari a cikin waɗannan lambobin ba:

1. Zubda jini da aka ba da gudummawa ko abubuwan da ke cikin sa a cikin watanni 3 da suka gabata suna ba da sakamakon da ba a tsammani ba.
2. Tare da cutar rashin jini, haemoglobin ya tashi. Idan kuna zargin rashin ƙarfe, dole ne ku ƙaddamar da KLA lokaci guda tare da bincike don GG.
3. Magunguna, cututtuka na rheumatic, idan sun haifar da cutar hemolysis - mutuwar cututtukan ƙwayar sel ta ja, tana haifar da rashin fahimtar GH.
4. Cire saifa da ciwon daji na jini ya mamaye matakin cutar haemoglobin.
5. Binciken zai kasance ƙasa da al'ada a cikin mata masu zubar da jini yayin haila.
6. Haɓakawa a cikin gwargwadon ƙwayar haemoglobin (HbF) yana ƙaruwa GH idan anyi amfani da ma'anar musayar ion musaya a cikin bincike, kuma yana raguwa idan aka yi amfani da hanyar immunochemical. A cikin manya, nau'in F yakamata ya ƙunshi ƙasa da 1% na jimlar girma; yanayin al'ada na haemoglobin a cikin yara har zuwa wata shida ya fi girma. Wannan manuniya na iya girma yayin daukar ciki, cututtukan huhu, cutar sankarar bargo. Hemoglobin koyaushe yana haɓakawa a cikin thalassemia, cuta ce na gado.

Ingancin masu nazarin ƙididdigar ƙwayar cuta don amfanin gida, wanda ban da glucose na iya ƙayyade haemoglobin, yana da ƙanƙantar da kai, masana'anta suna ba da damar karkatar da kusan 20%. Ba shi yiwuwa a bincika mellitus na ciwon sukari dangane da irin wannan bayanan.

Madadin bincike

Idan cututtukan da ke gudana na iya haifar da gwajin GH ba daidai ba, ana iya amfani da gwajin fructosamine don sarrafa ciwon sukari. Sinadarin whey ne mai glycated, wani yanki na glucose da albumin. Ba shi da dangantaka da ƙwayoyin jan jini, saboda haka daidaitorsa ba ta cutar da cutar rashin jini da cututtuka na rheumatic - abubuwan da suka fi haifar da sakamakon karya na gemoclobin glycated.

Gwajin jini don fructosamine yana da rahusa sosai, amma don ci gaba da lura da cutar sankarar bargo, lallai ne a maimaita shi akai-akai, tunda rayuwar albumin glycated yakai sati 2. Amma yana da kyau don kimantawa game da tasiri na sabon magani yayin zabar abinci ko sashi na kwayoyi.

Shawarar mita na nazari

Sau nawa ne bada shawarar don gudummawar jini don glycated haemoglobin:

1. Mutane masu lafiya bayan shekaru 40 - sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 3.
2. Mutanen da ke fama da cutar sankara - kowanne kwata yayin lokacin jiyya, to a shekara.
3. Tare da halarta na farko na ciwon sukari - akan kwata-kwata.
4. Idan an sami biyan diyya na dogon lokaci, sau ɗaya a kowane watanni shida.
5. A cikin ciki, wucewar abu ba makawa bane saboda maida hankali ne akan cutar haemoglobin baya ci gaba da canje-canje a jiki. Cutar sankarar mahaifa yawanci yakan fara ne a watanni 4-7, don haka karuwa a GH zai zama sananne ne kai tsaye ga haihuwa, lokacin da magani ya makara don farawa.

Al'ada ga masu lafiya da masu ciwon sukari

Yawan hemoglobin da aka fallasa su da sukari iri daya ne ga mata da maza. Yawan sukari yana ƙaruwa kaɗan tare da tsufa: iyaka ta ƙaru tare da tsufa daga 5.9 zuwa 6.7 mmol / l. Tare da tsayayyen darajar farko da ta gudanar, GG zai kusan kashi 5.2%. Idan sukari ya kasance 6.7, haemoglobin na jini zai zama ɗan ƙasa kaɗan da 6. A kowane hali, mutumin da ke da lafiya bai kamata ya sami sakamako sama da 6% ba.

Domin yanke bincike, ana amfani da wadannan ka'idodi masu zuwa:

Ka'ida ga masu ciwon sukari dan kadan sama da na mutane masu lafiya. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon haɗarin hypoglycemia, wanda ke ƙaruwa tare da raguwa a cikin adadin GH. Yana da haɗari ga kwakwalwa kuma yana iya haifar da cutar rashin haihuwa. Ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari waɗanda ke da hypoglycemia na yau da kullun ko kuma suna iya saurin saukad da sukari, raunin gemocosylated haemoglobin ya ma fi hakan.

Babu madaidaicin buƙatun don tsofaffin masu ciwon sukari. Rikicewar cututtukan ciwon sukari na tarawa tsawon shekaru. Lokacin da lokacin rikice-rikice ya wuce lokacin tsammanin rayuwa (matsakaici rayuwa), za a iya sarrafa ciwon sukari ƙasa kaɗan fiye da ƙuruciya.

Ga matasa, matakin manufa na GH shine mafi ƙanƙanci, dole ne suyi rayuwa mai tsawo kuma su kasance masu himma kuma suna aiki har tsawon lokaci. Gwanin sukari a cikin wannan rukuni na yawan jama'a ya kamata ya zama kusa-kusa da ƙimar lafiyar mutane.

Rage hanzari cikin haemoglobin mai narkewa daga kyawawan dabi'u masu mahimmanci (fiye da 10%) zuwa al'ada na iya zama haɗari ga retina, wanda ya saba da shekarun da suka wuce zuwa sukari mai yawa. Domin kada ya lalata hangen nesa, ana ba da shawarar marasa lafiya don rage GH a hankali, 1% a kowace shekara.

Tasirin matakan haɓaka na GH a jiki

Idan cututtukan da suka danganci amincin binciken ba a cire su ba, to babban adadin cutar haemoglobin na nufin hawan jini mai nauyi ko tsalle-tsalle na lokaci-lokaci.

Sanadin karuwar GH:

1. Ciwon sukari (mellitus): nau'ikan 1, 2, LADA, gestational - sanannen sanadiyyar cutar hauka.
2. Cutar cututtukan ciki wanda sakin kwayoyin halittun da ke kawo cikas ga shigar glucose zuwa kyallen takarda sakamakon toshewar insulin din yayi yawa sosai.
3. Tumbin da ke haifar da irin waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta.
4. Cutar cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata - kumburi mai kumburi ko ciwon daji.

A cikin ciwon sukari na mellitus, akwai ingantacciyar dangantaka tsakanin matsakaiciyar rayuwa da haɓaka haɓaka na glycosylated. Ga mara lafiyar shan taba sigari shekaru 55, tare da cholesterol na al'ada (<4) da matsin lamba (120/80), wannan dangantakar zata yi kama da haka:

Dangane da waɗannan bayanan, ya bayyana sarai cewa haemoglobin glycated ya karu da kaso 10% daga mai haƙuri aƙalla shekara guda na rayuwa. Idan mai ciwon sukari shima yana shan sigari, baya kulawa da matsin lamba kuma yana cin mutuncin dabbobi, to rayuwarsa zata gajarta daga shekaru 7-8.

Hadarin na rage gemoclobin glycated

Cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da asarar jini ko lalata sel ƙwayoyin jini na iya bayar da raguwa na karya cikin GH. Decreasearin raguwa na ainihi zai yuwu ne kawai tare da matakan sukari mai daidaituwa a ƙasa na al'ada ko maƙarƙashiyar jini. Binciken GH kuma yana da mahimmanci don ganewar asali na hypoglycemia na latent. Sugar na iya fada a cikin mafarki, kusa da safiya, ko mara lafiya na iya jin alamun halayen don haka kada ku auna glucose a wannan lokacin.

A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, an rage yawan GH lokacin da aka zaɓi kashi na maganin ba daidai ba, rage cin abinci mai ƙoshin abinci, da kuma tsananin motsa jiki. Don kawar da hypoglycemia da kuma ƙara yawan ƙwayar glycated na jini, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓar wani endocrinologist don gyara far.

A cikin mutane ba tare da ciwon sukari ba, ƙarancin haemoglobin na jini za a iya ƙaddara idan akwai malabsorption a cikin hanji, ci, hanta mai ƙarfi da cututtukan koda, bayyanar ciwukan da ke samar da insulin (karanta game da insulin), da kuma shan giya.

Dogaro da GH da matsakaicin matakin glucose

Nazarin asibiti ya bayyana alaƙa tsakanin matsakaiciyar yau da kullun tsakanin sukari da kuma sakamakon bincike don GH. 1arin 1% a cikin girman candied haemoglobin yana faruwa ne saboda karuwa a cikin matsakaicin taro na sukari da kimanin 1.6 mmol / L ko 28.8 mg / dl.

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