Mutane sun fara samar da amfani da maye gurbin sukari a farkon karni na karshe. Kuma muhawara game da ko wadannan kayan abinci ake bukata ko kuma idan suna cutarwa bai ragu ba har wa yau.
Mafi yawan maye gurbin sukari bashi da lahani kuma yana bai wa mutane da yawa waɗanda basu iya amfani da sukari yin cikakken rayuwa ba. Amma akwai waɗanda za su iya sa ka ji muni, musamman ga mutanen da ke da nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.
Wannan labarin zai taimaka wa mai karatu don gano abin da za a iya amfani da kayan zaki, kuma waɗanne ne suka fi dacewa su guji nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.
Masu zaki sun kasu kashi biyu:
- Na halitta.
- Wucin gadi.
Wadanda na zahiri sun hada da:
- sihiri;
- fructose;
- xylitol;
- stevia.
Baya ga stevia, sauran kayan zaki suna da yawan adadin kuzari. Bugu da kari, xylitol da sorbitol kusan sau 3 suna ƙasa da sukari dangane da zaƙi, don haka yin amfani da ɗayan waɗannan samfura, ya kamata ku kiyaye ƙididdigar adadin kalori.
Ga marasa lafiya tare da kiba da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, na waɗannan kwayoyi, yana da kyau a yi amfani da stevia kawai, a matsayin mafi cutarwa.
Masu Wucin Gadi
- saccharin;
- aspartame;
- cyclamate.
Xylitol
Tsarin sinadarai na xylitol shine pentitol (pentatomic barasa). An yi shi ne daga kututturen masara ko daga itace ɓataccen abu.
Idan kashi ɗaya na gwargwadon zaki za mu iya ɗanɗano da ciyawa ko sukari na gwoza, to a cikin xylitol ma'anar ƙoshin zaƙi ya kusan zuwa 0.9-1.0; kuma ƙimar makamashi ita ce 3.67 kcal / g (15.3 kJ / g). Daga wannan yana biye da cewa xylitol shine babban adadin kuzari.
Sorbitol
Sorbitol shine hexitol (barasa shida na atom). Samfurin yana da wani suna - sorbitol. A cikin yanayin ta ana samun ta a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries, ash dutse yana da arziki musamman a ciki. Ana samo Sorbitol ta hanyar hadawan abu da iskar shaka.
Yana da launi mara launi, lu'ulu'u mai lu'ulu'u, mai daɗin dandano, mai narkewa cikin ruwa, da tsayayya wa tafasa. Ya danganta da sukari na yau da kullun, yawanci mai dadi na xylitol daga 0.48 zuwa 0.54.
Kuma darajar kuzarin samfurin shine 3.5 kcal / g (14.7 kJ / g), wanda ke nufin cewa, kamar kayan zaki na baya, sorbitol yana da adadin kuzari, kuma idan mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari na 2 zai rasa nauyi, to zaɓin da yake ba daidai bane.
Fructose da sauran musanya
Ko kuma a wata hanyar - sukari na 'ya'yan itace. Ya kasance ga monosaccharides na ƙungiyar ketohexosis. Abune mai mahimmanci na oligosaccharides da polysaccharides. An samo shi a cikin yanayi a cikin zuma, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, nectar.
Ana samun Fructose ta enzymatic ko acid hydrolysis na fructosans ko sukari. Samfurin ya wuce sukari a cikin zaki ta hanyar sau 1.3-1.8, kuma ƙimarsa mai nauyi shine 3.75 kcal / g.
Fuska ne mai ruwa-ruwa, farin foda. Lokacin da fructose yayi zafi, yana jujjuya wasu kayan.
Samun fructose a cikin hanji yana da jinkirin, yana ƙara ɗakunan glycogen a cikin kyallen kuma yana da sakamako na antiketogenic. An lura cewa idan an maye gurbin sukari tare da fructose, wannan zai haifar da raguwa mai mahimmanci a cikin haɗarin caries, wato, ya cancanci fahimta. Cewa cutarwa da amfanin fructose na wanzuwa gefe-gefe.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da amfani da fructose sun haɗa da abin da ya faru a lokuta mafi ƙarancin rashin ƙarfi.
Ka'idojin yau da kullun na fructose shine gram 50. An ba da shawarar ga marasa lafiya tare da raunin da ya kamu da cutar sankara kuma tare da haɓakar hypoglycemia.
Stevia
Wannan tsire-tsire nasa ne a gidan Asteraceae kuma yana da suna na biyu - bifolia mai dadi. A yau, hankalin masana ilimin abinci da masana kimiyya daga kasashe daban-daban sun sami kan wannan shuka mai ban mamaki. Stevia ya ƙunshi glycosides-kalori mai ɗanɗano tare da dandano mai dadi, an yi imani cewa babu wani abu mafi kyau fiye da stevia ga masu ciwon sukari na kowane nau'in.
Sugarol shine tsanin ganyen stevia. Wannan wani hadadden tsari ne da ake wanke glycosides sosai. An gabatar da sukari a matsayin farin foda, mai tsayayya da zafi kuma mai narkewa cikin ruwa.
Graaya daga cikin gram na wannan kayan zaki yana daidai da gram 300 na sukari na yau da kullun. Kasancewa da dandano mai ɗanɗano, sukari baya haɓaka glucose na jini kuma baya da ƙimar kuzari, don haka a bayyane wane samfuri ne mafi kyau ga masu ciwon sukari na 2
Nazarin asibiti da na gwaji ba su sami sakamako masu illa ba a cikin sucrose. Baya ga tasirin mai daɗi, na kayan masarufi na stevia na da kyawawan halaye masu kyau waɗanda suka dace da masu ciwon sukari na kowane nau'in:
- hypotensive;
- diuretic;
- maganin rigakafi;
- antifungal.
Cyclamate
Cyclamate gishirin sodium ne na cyclohexylaminosulfate. Yana da zaki, ɗan kadan ruwa mai narkewa tare da ɗan ƙara kaɗan.
Har zuwa 2600C cyclamate yana da lafiyayyen yanayi. Daɗin zaƙi, ya fi nasara sau biyu zuwa sau 25-30, kuma an gabatar da cyclamate cikin ruwan lemon da sauran hanyoyin magance ƙunshi acid na ɗan sau 80. Sau da yawa ana haɗe shi da saccharin a cikin rabo na 10: 1.
Misali samfurin shine "Tsukli". Amintattun magunguna na yau da kullun sune 5-10 mg.
Saccharin
An yi nazarin samfurin sosai, kuma ana amfani dashi azaman mai zaki fiye da shekaru ɗari. Tushen sulfobenzoic acid wanda aka raba shi da fari shine fari.
Wannan saccharin - foda ne mai ɗanɗano, da narkewa cikin ruwa. Dadi mai ɗaci yana kasancewa a bakin na dogon lokaci, don haka yi amfani da haɗarin saccharin tare da buffer dextrose.
Saccharin ya sami ɗanɗano mai ɗaci lokacin da aka dafa shi, a sakamakon wannan, yana da kyau kada a tafasa samfurin, amma a narke shi a cikin ruwan dumi kuma ƙara zuwa shirye abinci. Don zaki, 1 gram na saccharin shine gram 450 na sukari, wanda yayi kyau sosai ga masu ciwon sukari na 2.
Magungunan yana karɓar ƙwayar hanji kusan kuma a cikin babban taro yana tara abubuwa a cikin kyallen da gabobin. Mafi yawan abin da ya ƙunshi shine a cikin mafitsara.
Wataƙila saboda wannan dalili, dabbobi masu gwaji da aka gwada don saccharin sun kamu da cutar kansa na mafitsara. Amma ƙarin bincike ya sake kwantar da maganin, yana mai tabbatar da cewa ba shi da cikakken hadari.
Aspartame
L-phenylalanine ester dipeptide da aspartic acid. Da kyau narkewa a cikin ruwa, farin foda, wanda ke rasa dandano mai daɗin ɗanɗano lokacin hydrolysis. Aspartame ya zarce nasara sau 150-200 cikin nishadi.
Yadda za a zabi ƙaramar mai adadin kuzari? Yana da aspartame! Yin amfani da aspartame ba shi da amfani ga ci gaban ƙanana, kuma haɗe shi da saccharin yana haɓaka zaki.
Akwai samfurin kwamfutar hannu wanda ake kira "Slastilin" yana samuwa. Tabletaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu ya ƙunshi gram 0.018 na ƙwayoyi masu aiki. Har zuwa 50 MG / kilogiram na nauyin jiki ana iya cinye shi kowace rana ba tare da haɗarin lafiyar ba.
A cikin phenylketonuria, "Slastilin" yana contraindicated. Wadanda ke fama da rashin bacci, cutar ta Parkinson, hauhawar jini ya kamata su dauki matakan magancewa tare da taka tsantsan, don kada su haifar da kowane nau'in cuta.
