Cholesterol wani abu ne na musamman da yake a jikin mu kuma yana haifar da yawan mahawara game da fa'ida da cutarwa.
A cikin tsarin sunadarai, yana daɗaɗɗa (wato, narkewa cikin ruwa) barasa, sabili da haka zai zama mafi daidai a kira shi cholesterol.
Kwayoyin mu daban-daban suna samar da kusan kashi 20% na adadin cholesterol, yayin da sauran kashi 80% ke zuwa a kullum tare da abinci.
Menene rawar cholesterol? Menene fa'idarsa da cutarwarsa? Bari mu bincika wannan tambaya dalla-dalla. Fa'idodin maganin shan barasa suna cikin fannoni masu zuwa:
- Cholesterol bangare ne muhimmi a aikin gina membranes wanda ke hade da nau'ikan kyallen takarda;
- Idan ba tare da shi ba, ba shi yiwuwa a cikakke homon a cikin dukkan bangarorin uku na glandin adrenal - glomerular, bundle da raga. Yankin glomerular shi ne ke da alhakin samar da mineralocorticoids (irin su hodar iblis kamar su aldosterone, cortisol), yankin na glomerular don haduwar glucocorticoids (hydrocortisone, corticosterone), da kuma raga guda ɗaya na kwayoyin halittar maza da mata (androgens da estrogens);
- Cholesterol abu ne na bile kuma yana shiga narkewa;
- Shi ke da alhakin isasshen abun ciki a cikin fata;
- Kwayoyin Vitamin D, cholecalciferol da ergocalciferol, suna haɓaka daga tsarin sunadarai na cholesterol a ƙarƙashin fallasa fitilar ultraviolet;
- Shi ne ke da alhakin jigilar abubuwa da kuma haɗi tsakanin ƙwayoyin da kansu da sararin samaniya.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta haɗa cikin tsarin ƙwayar myelin, wanda ke rufe yawancin jijiyoyi.
Me yasa cholesterol ya hau kuma me yasa yake da haɗari?
Da farko kuna buƙatar gano menene cholesterol.
A cikin jikin mutum, barasa na lipophilic na iya kasancewa a cikin gyare-gyare da yawa
Waɗannan gyare-gyare sun bambanta sosai a tsari.
Cholesterol a jikin yana gabatar da wadannan siffofin:
- hade da low yawa lipoproteins;
- hade da raguwar wadataccen lipoproteins;
- hade da matsakaiciyar lipoproteins mai tsayi;
- hade da babban yawa lipoproteins.
Hakanan, ban da duk nau'ikan cholesterol na sama, triglycerides da chylomicrons sune mahimman abubuwan samar da jikin mutum.
Mafi haɗari shine cholesterol da ke hade da ƙarancin lipoproteins mai yawa. Ana kuma kiranta "mara kyau." Sabanin haka, ana daukar cholesterol da ke da alaƙa da haɓakar lipoproteins mai kyau “mai kyau,” kuma matakinta mai tsayi wani abu ne wanda magani ke nemansa.
Me yasa yawan taro na "mummunan" cholesterol don haka yawanci yana ƙaruwa? Akwai nau'ikan abubuwan haɗari guda uku - ba a iya musantawa, partially (yiwuwar) sakewa, da sauran su.
Jerin abubuwan da ba za a iya canzawa sun hada da:
- Da farko dai, shekarun sa sun wuce shekaru 40.
- Tsarin kwayoyin halittar jini - an gudanar da bincike da yawa wanda bisa la'akari ne wanda ake ganin matsaloli masu yawa na rashin lafiyar ƙwayar hanta a cikin dangi na kusa - iyaye da yara, brothersan'uwa maza da mata.
- Sau da yawa, matakan cholesterol suna ƙaruwa a cikin mata fiye da maza, kuma a cikinsu ne ke bayyana kanta aƙalla shekaru 10 da suka gabata.
- Abubuwa marasa kyau, musamman shan sigari, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar nicotine, ganuwar tasoshin jini ya zama mafi rauni kuma mai yiwuwa ga abubuwa na ƙasashen waje, gami da cholesterol, wanda aka ajiye amintacce a can.
- Wuce nauyi - kuma kuna buƙatar kawar da shi da fari.
Abubuwanda zasu iya canzawa abubuwanda suke haifar da haɗari, kamar:
- Rashin rabo daga sauran lipids a cikin jini - triglycerides, chylomicrons.
- Cutar da ake kira ciwon sukari, musamman nau'in ta biyu. A lokaci guda, kasancewar nauyin wuce haddi yana wajaba, a bango wanda kyallen takarda tayi girma da yawa kuma zata zama mai saukin kamuwa da aikin insulin na suga. Wannan yana haifar da haɓakar ƙwayar cuta na kullum - karuwa a cikin sukari na jini.
- Rage yawan haɗakar lipoproteins mai yawa;
- Saitin abubuwan mamaki da ake kira syndrome metabolism - ana rarrabe shi da alamu kamar su kiba mai yawa (ana lura da yawan kitse a ciki), raunin glucose, ƙarancin triglycerides a hade tare da hauhawar jini.
Kuma rukuni na karshe na abubuwan shine wasu. Waɗannan sun haɗa da salon kwance, ko kuma yanayin rayuwa, sakamakon abin da ƙarin kilos galibi ana adana shi; yawan damuwa da yawan wahalar rai; jaraba ga giya.
Me yasa ƙwayar cholesterol tana da haɗari, kuma me yasa yake da gaggawa a ɗauki kowane matakan rage shi? Kuma duk saboda yana ba da gudummawa ga sannu a hankali, amma kusan ba za'a iya canzawa ba kasancewar manyan wuraren ɓarkewar ƙwayar cuta a jikin bangon jijiya. Wannan shine farkon haɓakar atherosclerosis.
Nan gaba, fitsarin jirgin zai kara tsananta, kuma kwararar jini a ciki zai kara tsananta.
Ta yaya ake nuna ƙwayar cholesterol sosai?
Bayyanar cututtuka na atherosclerosis suna da kama sosai a duk marasa lafiya. An san cewa mafi yawan lokuta atherosclerosis yana shafar jijiyoyin jini, ko jijiyoyin zuciya, wanda ke ɗaukar jini mai wadatar oxygen zuwa ƙwayar zuciya. Lokacin da suka shafe shi, cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jini (CHD) ke tasowa. Sakamakon wannan, myocardium baya karɓar jini na jijiya a cikin wadataccen adadin, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar halayyar bugun kirji - angina pectoris. Ban da ciwo, mutum yakan ji tsoro da tsoro, tsoro na mutuwa da gazawar numfashi. Saboda wannan ne ake kiran angina pectoris angina pectoris. Inguntataccen ɓataccen ƙwayar ƙwayar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki da rashin ingantaccen magani zai iya haifar da cutar necrosis, wato, mutuwar ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya - zuwa cikin taƙuwar ciki na ciki.
Kwayoyin jijiyoyin ƙananan ƙarshen sune na biyu a cikin mita daga atherosclerosis. An bayyana wannan ta hanyar halayyar cutar "bayyananniyar magana." Tare da wannan ciwo, mai haƙuri yawanci ana tilasta shi ya daina yin tafiya ko da a ƙananan gudu da kuma a cikin mahimmin nesa, saboda yana jin ciwo mai zafi a cikin shins da ƙafafu, firgitar hankali da ƙamus. Fata na ƙafafu ya zama mara nauyi, sanyi ga taɓawa, taɓa taɓawa ba koyaushe ake jin sa. A tsawon lokaci, hanyar cutar a cikin ƙananan sassan ƙafafu suna rushe haɓakar gashi, raunukan da ba su da warkaswa na dogon lokaci na iya bayyana saboda ƙoshin jini, fatar ta bushe, toka, kuma yanayin ƙusa ta canza. Ba a tantance abin da ke jan jirgi a kafafu ba.
Lalacewa ga tasoshin kwakwalwa, ko jiragen ruwa, suma sun zama ruwan dare gama gari. Tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta atherosclerosis, akwai alamar Ribot alama: mai haƙuri ba zai iya amsa tambayar abin da ya faru rabin sa'a da suka wuce ko jiya ba, amma zai yi farin ciki gaya duk abubuwan da suka faru shekaru goma da suka gabata. Hakanan, bayyanar ciwon kai, raunin kwakwalwa mai hankali, yawan jujjuyawar motsi, neurosis, da rikicewar kwakwalwa basa yanke hukunci. Lalacewa ga tasoshin kwakwalwa shine mafi haɗari bayan atherosclerosis na cututtukan jijiyoyin jini, saboda wannan yana ƙara haɗarin bugun jini.
Atherosclerosis na tasoshin rami na ciki ba shi da yawa, amma har yanzu. A wannan yanayin, akwai matsala ta narkewa a cikin nau'in maƙarƙashiya ko zawo, yawan jin zafi a ciki, ƙarancin narkewa na narkewa da enzymes.
Tare da atherosclerosis na ƙwayar cutar koda, a farkon wuri, marasa lafiya sun fara damuwa game da ci gaba da hawan jini, wanda ba za a iya bi da shi da kwayoyi ba.
Hakanan za'a iya samun ƙananan ciwon baya.
Yadda ake rage cholesterol?
Kuna iya kawar da "mummunan" cholesterol ta hanyoyi da yawa.
Dole ne a tuna cewa yaƙi da atherosclerosis tsari ne mai tsawo, hadaddun tsari da ɗaukar lokaci.
Kulawa da atherosclerosis yana buƙatar masu haƙuri su kasance masu haƙuri sosai kuma suna bin duk umarnin likitan halartar.
Anan akwai guidelinesan ƙa'idojin jiyya na asali waɗanda dole ne ku bi.
Abinci yana da matukar muhimmanci saboda yawan kiba shine ɗayan abubuwan da ba za'a iya warwarewa ba don haɓakar cholesterol. Don rasa nauyi, ya fi kyau a nemi masanin abinci don ƙirƙirar menu na sirri don kowace rana. Za muyi magana game da abincin da zaku ci bayan ɗan lokaci.
Hakanan kuna buƙatar magani, aikin cikakken motsa jiki na yau da kullun, kuma idan ana so, amfani da maganin gargajiya, wanda za'a iya shirya shi da kansa a gida kai tsaye. Idan rikitarwa ya faru ko lokacin da tsari ke gudana, ana bada shawarar yin tiyata.
Abincin abinci shi ne iyakance yawan amfani da mai, soyayyen abinci, kyafaffen abinci, abinci mai cike da kima na dabbobi, kayan abinci, farin kabeji, shayi da kofi, da kayayyakin cakulan. Madadin haka, kuna buƙatar cin ƙarin kifi, abincin teku, kaji mai ƙoshin mai, mai kayan lambu, burodin burodi, ganye, sababbin 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari, ganyaye, berries, ruwan teku, kwayoyi,' ya'yan itacen citrus.
Ana buƙatar shan magunguna. Magungunan anti-atherosclerotic sun haɗa da irin waɗannan rukunin magunguna kamar:
- Statins - sune suka fi yawa. Wadannan kwayoyi ne kamar Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, Rosuvastatin, Atoris. Suna taimakawa rage yawan ƙwayoyin cuta, musamman marasa ƙarfi da ƙarancin lipoproteins mai yawa, rage ayyukan aikin kumburi a wurin saka jari, tare da taimakawa wajen kwantar da ƙwararrun filaye.
- Fibrates magunguna ne da ake kira Fenofibrate, Bezafibrat. Suna taimakawa rage girman triglycerides da sauri.
- Hanyoyin musanyawa na Anion shine maganin cholestyramine;
- Ayyukan Nicotinic acid - Nicotinamide.
Duk magungunan anti-atherosclerotic dole ne a sha kwamfutar hannu guda daya da daddare, saboda cikin dare ne ake samar da mafi yawan cholesterol a jikin mu.
Magungunan ƙwayoyin jama'a suna da tasiri sosai a cikin yaƙi da atherosclerosis. Za'a iya amfani da ganye iri-iri. Misali, wani kayan ado daga rhizome na Caucasian discora, jiko daga Zikirin Gwal, adon da yake haifar da lasisin lasisi, jiko daga furannin hawthorn yana taimakawa sosai. Bayani mai yawa tabbatacce game da tsaba flax. Kuna iya ƙoƙarin ɗaukar propolis, tushen valerian, thistle.
Ana amfani da jiyyar tiyata don nisantar da jijiyoyin bugun bugun jini sama da kashi 60 cikin dari. Wannan aikin ana kiran shi stenting, kuma ya ƙunshi gabatar da balan-balan na musamman (stent) a cikin jirgin ruwa, wanda ke kumbura, ta haka ne yake buɗe ƙwanƙwasawar bugun jini da matse bututun atherosclerotic, yana rage yiwuwar lalacewarsa. Idan da yawa raunuka na jijiyoyin jiki, cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya da jijiyoyin wuya ana bada shawarar su - wannan na haifar da kwararar jini. “Vesselarin jirgin ruwa” an halitta, wanda aka samo shi daga wani wuri da aka ɗauka daga jijiya ko jijiya.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a lura da cholesterol a kai a kai. Ka'idarsa ta kasance daga 2.8 zuwa 5.2 mmol / l.
Recipes ga magunguna na gargajiya
Akwai ganyayyun ganyayyaki da yawa da suka taimaka sosai wajen tsaftace tasoshin.
Tare da amfani da su, akwai ingantaccen cigaba yayin cutar
Mafi mashahuri tsakanin marasa lafiya sune ire-iren ganye da yawa da aka yi amfani da su na gargajiya a cikin maganin cutar atherosclerosis.
Waɗannan su ne:
- Gashin gashin baki shine ɗayan ingantacciyar hanyar da aka yi amfani da ita ba wai kawai don maganin atherosclerosis ba. Abun da ke tattare da wannan tsiro ya ƙunshi babban abun ciki na abubuwa na musamman da ake kira flavonoids, gami da ƙwayoyin steroid. Suna da ikon daure ƙananan ƙwayar lipoprotein cholesterol, sakamakon abin da ba zai iya tarawa ba a bangon arteries kuma yana haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na atherosclerotic, yayin da yake haɓaka ƙirar ƙwayar lipoprotein mai yawa.
- Bearberry - yana da amfani don ƙarfafa yanayin janar na jiki da kariya ta rigakafi. Kamar gashin-baki, yana dauke da flavonoids wanda ke taimakawa rage jini cholesterol.
- St John's wort - wannan tsirrai, wanda shine katafaren ɗakunan ajiya na halitta na gumakan, wato, waɗancan mahadi waɗanda likita ya umarta don maganin cutar atherosclerosis. Suna aiki akan hanta - babban shafin samarda sinadarin cholesterol. A can suna rage haɓakar sa, kuma ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar lipoprotein mai ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwa tana daure kuma an cire ta. Hakanan Ginseng yana da halaye iri ɗaya, wanda a lokaci guda yana da tasirin tonic gaba ɗaya, inganta ƙwaƙwalwa da ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi.
- Strawberries - kuma mafi daidai, ganyayyakinsa - sune reshe mai ƙoshin ma fila. Yana hana shigowa cikin jinin cholesterol, wanda aka hada shi a hanta, haka kuma yana hanzarta kawar da kwalar cholesterol din da aka lalata da abinci. Fiber, bi da bi, yana da kyakkyawan sakamako ga narkewa.
Dandelion - da farko kallo, wata unremarkable, talakawa shuka. Koyaya, mafi amfani shine tushen sa. Ya ƙunshi adadi mai yawa na lecithin, wanda ke da ikon rushe duk nau'ikan lipoproteins waɗanda suke cikin daidaituwa mai yawa, kuma saboda wannan, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ba ta cikin rukuni daban.
Juice farida wata hanya ce mai sauqi, mai dadi kuma mai koshin lafiya ta hanyar kawar da mummunar cholesterol. Ruwan zazzabin da aka matse wanda aka shirya a gida kawai ya dace da wannan. A cikin kwanaki biyar kacal, matakan cholesterol suna raguwa sosai, yanayin gaba daya yana inganta sosai. Matakan ruwan 'ya'yan itace kamar haka:
- rana ta farko: kuna buƙatar shan jimlar gram 200 na ruwan da aka matse, wanda 130 grams shine ruwan karas, kuma gram 70 shine ruwan seleri;
- rana ta biyu: a rana ta biyu za ku buƙaci shan 100 na ruwan karas da ruwan gram 70 daga beets da cucumbers, ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga beets bayan shiri kai tsaye ya kamata a ba da sa'o'i biyu zuwa uku, zai fi dacewa a firiji;
- rana ta uku: kuna buƙatar sha 130 grams ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga karas da 70 grams na seleri da apple ruwan' ya'yan itace;
- rana ta huɗu: duk kuma ruwan gram 130 ne da aka yi daga karas, da kuma ruwan lemo 50 na kabeji;
- rana ta biyar: kuna buƙatar sha 130 grams na mafi kyawun ƙauna da ruwan 'ya'yan itace orange.
Baya ga rage cholesterol, maganin ruwan 'ya'yan itace yana da amfani wajen magance kiba da cellulite.
Yadda za a rage cholesterol zai gaya wa gwani a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.
