Yawancin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari suna da kowane irin nau'in cututtukan haɗuwa waɗanda ke lalata yanayin mutum kuma suna shafar duk tasoshin da gabobin jiki. Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan cututtukan shine masu ciwon sukari mai ciwon sukari.
Dalilin wannan cuta shine cewa dukkanin tsarin jijiyoyin jiki ya shafa. Idan ƙananan tasoshin ne kawai suka lalace, to cutar zazzabi ce ta microangiopathy mai ciwon sukari.
Idan manyan jiragen ruwa na tsarin kawai aka kai hari, cutar ana kiranta macroangiopathy masu ciwon sukari. Amma wannan ba ita ce kawai matsalar da mai ciwon sukari zai iya samu ba. Tare da angiopathy, homeostasis kuma an shafa.
Alamomin Claycteristic na ciwon sukari na microangiopathy
Idan kayi la'akari da manyan alamun microangiopathy, manyan abubuwan guda uku sun fito fili, waɗanda ake kira Virchow-Sinako triad. Menene waɗannan alamun?
- Ganuwar jiragen ruwan an canza su.
- Coagulation na jini yana da illa.
- Saurin jini yana raguwa.
Sakamakon karuwar aikin platelet da yawaitar jini, yana zama mafi viscous. Jirgin ruwa mai lafiya yana da lubricant na musamman wanda baya barin jini ya jingina da bangon. Wannan yana tabbatar da dacewar kwararar jini.
Jirgin ruwa mai lalacewa ba zai iya samar da wannan ruwan mai ba, kuma raguwar motsi a cikin jini yana faruwa. Duk waɗannan rikice-rikice suna haifar ba kawai ga lalata tasoshin jini ba, har ma da haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.
A lokacin haɓakar ciwon sukari mellitus, irin wannan canjin ya ƙunshi ƙarin adadin tasoshin. Mafi yawan lokuta babban yankin da abin ya shafa shine:
- gabobin hangen nesa;
- myocardium;
- kodan
- tsarin juyayi na gefe;
- fata fata
Sakamakon wadannan take hakkin, a matsayin mai mulkin, sune:
- neuropathy;
- mai ciwon sukari mai ciwon sukari;
- cardiopathy
- maganin cutar mahaukaci
Amma alamomin farko sun bayyana a cikin ƙananan ƙarshen, wanda lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewar tasoshin jini a wannan yanki. Rajistar irin waɗannan shari'o'in kusan kashi 65%.
Wasu likitoci sukan yi jayayya cewa microangiopathy ba cuta ce ta daban ba, wato, alama ce ta ciwon sukari. Bugu da ƙari, sun yi imani da cewa microangiopathy sakamako ne na neuropathy, wanda ya faru a da.
Sauran masana kimiyya suna da'awar cewa ischemia na jijiya yana haifar da neuropathy, kuma wannan gaskiyar ba ta da nasaba da lalacewar jijiyoyin jiki. Dangane da wannan ka'idar, mellitus na ciwon sukari yana haifar da neuropathy, kuma microangiopathy ba shi da alaƙa da shi.
Amma akwai kuma ka’ida ta uku, masu yarda da juna wadanda suke jayayya cewa cin zarafin aikin jijiyoyi zai lalata jijiyoyin jini.
An rarraba microangiopathy na ciwon sukari zuwa nau'ikan da yawa, waɗanda ke haifar da ƙimar lalacewar ƙananan ƙarshen.
- Tare da sifilin digiri na lalacewar fata a jikin mutum ba ya nan.
- Mataki na farko - akwai ƙananan aibobi a jikin fatar, amma ba su da hanyoyin kumburi kuma suna ƙasan gida.
- A mataki na biyu, cutar sankarar fata ta bayyana wanda zai iya zurfafa saboda su lalata jijiyoyi da kasusuwa.
- Matsayi na uku ana nuna shi ta hanyar cututtukan fata da alamun farko na mutuwar nama a kafafu. Irin waɗannan rikice-rikice na iya faruwa a cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da hanyoyin kumburi, cututtukan fata, edema, hyperemia, abscesses da osteomyelitis.
- A matakin na huxu, rearfin yatsu ɗaya ko yatsunsu da yawa sun fara tasowa.
- Mataki na biyar shine duka ƙafafun, ko yawancin abin da ke tattare da cutar ta 'gangrene'.
Fasalin halayyar macroangiopathy
Babban abin da ke haifar da yawan mace-macen masu fama da cutar sankarau shi ne macroangiopathy masu ciwon sukari. Macroangiopathy ne mafi yawan lokuta yakan faru ne a cikin marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari.
Da farko dai, abin ya shafi manyan jiragen ruwa na ƙananan ƙarshen, sakamakon abin da ke fama da jijiyoyin zuciya da jijiyoyin wuya.
Macroangiopathy na iya haɓaka kan aiwatar da ƙara ƙimar ci gaban cutar atherosclerotic. Cutar ta kasu zuwa matakai da yawa na ci gaba.
- A matakin farko, da safe mara lafiya ya kara yawan gajiya, yawan gumi, rauni, gajiya, jin sanyi a cikin kafafu da karancinsu. Wannan yana nuna diyya a cikin wurare dabam dabam.
- A mataki na biyu, kafafun mutum suna farawa da rauni, yana daskarewa sosai, saman ƙusoshin ya fara karyewa. Wani lokacin lameness yana bayyana a wannan matakin. Sannan akwai jin zafi a cikin gabar jiki, duka lokacin tafiya da kuma hutawa. Fatar ta zama kodadde da bakin ciki. An lura da damuwa a cikin gidajen abinci.
- Mataki na ƙarshe shine gangrene a cikin ciwon sukari na ƙafa, yatsunsu da ƙananan kafa.
Yadda ake kulawa da angiopathy
Macro da microangiopathy a cikin ciwon sukari ana kulawa da su iri ɗaya. Abu na farko da mai haƙuri yakamata yai shine kawo hanyoyin tafiyar da jiki zuwa yanayin rayuwa. Ya kamata a sake dawo da metabolism na Carbohydrate, saboda shi hyperglycemia shine babban dalilin ci gaban jijiyoyin bugun jini na atherosclerosis.
Daidai da mahimmanci a cikin aikin jiyya shine kula da yanayin maganin metabolism. Idan matakin lipoproteins tare da alamomi masu yawa ba zato ba tsammani ya ƙaru, kuma matakin triglycerides, akasin haka, ya ragu, wannan yana nuna cewa lokaci ya yi da za a haɗa magungunan hypolipidic a cikin jiyya.
Muna magana ne game da statins, fibrates da antioxidants. Macro- da microangiopathy a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus ana bi da su tare da wajabta haɗuwa da magungunan warkewa na aikin metabolic, alal misali, trimetazidine.
Irin waɗannan magunguna suna ba da gudummawa ga tsarin hadawar abu da iskar shaka a cikin myocardium, wanda ke faruwa saboda hadawar abu mai ƙoshin mai. Yayin gudanar da aikin biyun cututtukan na cutar, an tsara masu maganin anticoagulants.
Waɗannan magunguna ne waɗanda ke taimakawa rushe ƙwanƙwasa jini a cikin jini kuma ya raunana aikin faranti lokacin da aka kamu da cutar macroangiopathy.
Godiya ga waɗannan abubuwan, jini baya samun cikakken kauri kuma ba a yin yanayi don rufe hanyoyin jini. Anticoagulants sun haɗa da:
- Acetylsalicylic acid.
- Tikik.
- Vazaprostan.
- Heparin.
- Dipyridamole.
Mahimmanci! Tunda hauhawar jini kusan kusan kullum yana cikin mellitus na ciwon sukari, ya zama dole a rubuto magunguna waɗanda ke daidaita hawan jini. Idan wannan mai nuna alama al'ada ce, ana bada shawarar ayi shi da shi koyaushe.
A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, ƙimar mafi kyau shine 130/85 mm Hg. Irin waɗannan matakan kulawa zasu taimaka wajen hana ci gaban nephropathy da retinopathy, rage girman haɗarin bugun zuciya da bugun zuciya.
Daga cikin waɗannan magungunan, ana rarrabe masu maganin tasirin alli, masu hanawa da sauran magunguna.
A lokacin jiyya, yana da mahimmanci don daidaita alamu na homeostasis. A saboda wannan, likitoci suna ba da magunguna waɗanda ke ƙara yawan ayyukan sorbitol dehydrogenase. Hakan yana da muhimmanci a aiwatar da ayyukan da ke inganta kariyar maganin kariya.
Tabbas, ya fi kyau a hana cutar da farko. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar jagorantar salon rayuwa daidai kuma ku kula da lafiyar ku koyaushe. Amma idan alamun cututtukan sukari duk da haka sun bayyana, yakamata a tuntuɓi cibiyar likita.
Hanyoyin zamani na maganin ciwon sukari da tallafi na rigakafi zasu taimaka wa mutum ya guji irin wannan mummunan sakamako kamar macro- da microangiopathy.
