Ana ɗauka nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na ƙwayar cuta mai sauƙi, mai laushi mai sauƙi, wanda ba a buƙatar ci gaba da kula da insulin. Don kula da matakin sukari na jini da ake buƙata, waɗannan matakan sun isa:
- Abincin da ya dace;
- Aiki mai ma'ana na jiki;
- Shan magungunan da ke taimakawa rage sukari.
Magungunan Antidiabetic sune magunguna waɗanda ke ɗauke da insulin hormone ko magungunan sulfa. Har ila yau, masana kimiyyar Endocrinologists suna amfani da magungunan antidiabetic na ƙungiyar biguanide.
Wani nau'in kwayoyi za a rubuta shi ta hanyar tsari da tsananin cutar.
Idan insulin da kwayoyi masu dauke da insulin suka shiga jikin mutum, ana shan magungunan maganin ta baki. Yawanci, waɗannan sune Allunan Allunan da kuma capsules waɗanda ke taimakawa rage yawan glucose na jini.
Yaya insulin yake aiki
Wannan hormone da kwayoyi tare da abun cikin shi shine hanya mafi sauri kuma mafi aminci don dawo da matakin sukari na jini zuwa al'ada. Haka kuma, ya:
- Yana rage matakan glucose ba kawai a cikin jini ba, har ma a cikin fitsari.
- Rationara yawan haɗuwa a cikin ƙwayar tsoka.
- Stimulates lipid da furotin metabolism.
Amma wannan magani yana da mahimman lalacewa guda ɗaya: yana aiki ne kawai tare da gudanar da aikin parenteral. Wannan shine, ta allura, kuma magani ya kamata ya shiga cikin ƙashin kitsen mai ƙonewa, kuma ba cikin tsoka ba, fata ko jijiya.
Idan mara lafiya shi kadai ba zai iya gudanar da maganin ba daidai da duk ka'idodi, zai buƙaci neman taimako daga mahaifa kowane lokaci.
Magungunan Sulfa
Wadannan magungunan rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta suna motsa jiki na ƙwayoyin beta waɗanda ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta samar. Idan ba su da su ba, ba zai yiwu ba. Amfanin sulfonamides shine cewa suna daidai da inganci ba tare da yin la’akari da irin sakin ba. Ana iya ɗaukar su a cikin allunan.
Yawanci, irin waɗannan magungunan sulfa suna cikin jerin masu haƙuri waɗanda suke shekaru 40 lokacin cin abinci bai kawo sakamakon da ake tsammanin ba. Amma miyagun ƙwayoyi zasu yi tasiri kawai idan:
- Kafin wannan, ba a gudanar da insulin a cikin allurai masu yawa ba;
- Mai tsananin ciwon sukari yana da matsakaici.
Ba a yarda da Sulfanilamides a cikin irin waɗannan lokuta:
- Cutar masu ciwon sukari
- Tarihin precomatosis.
- Rashin huhu ko gazawar hanta a cikin babban mataki.
- Mafi yawan tarowar glucose a cikin jini.
- Cututtukan bargo;
- Ciwon sukari
Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako masu illa na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa: raguwa a cikin ƙididdigar leukocytes da platelet a cikin jinin mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari, fitsari a kan fata, raunin tsarin narkewa a cikin tashin zuciya, ƙwannafi, da amai.
Kimanin 5% na marasa lafiya suna da saurin kamuwa da cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan sulfanilamide, kuma zuwa digiri ɗaya ko wata suna fama da sakamako masu illa.
Abubuwan da suka haifar da rikice-rikicen sulfonylurea mafi yawa sun hada da chlorpropamide da bukarban. Maninil, predian, gluconorm sun fi dacewa da haƙuri. A cikin marasa lafiya tsofaffi, yin amfani da waɗannan magunguna na iya haɓaka ciwo na hypoglycemic syndrome. Lokacin da kuke cikin mayuka masu cutar cutar sankara, an sanya maganin a cikin lipocaine.
Duk wani kwayoyi da ke ɗauke da insulin ko ba da gudummawa ga samarwarsa ya kamata a yi amfani da shi bisa ga umarnin. Kada ku keta sashi, lokacin gudanarwa da yanayi. Kullum ku tuna cewa bayan gudanar da insulin, abinci ya zama dole.
In ba haka ba, za a iya tsokani harin hypoglycemia. Mafi bayyanar halayyar bayyanar da alamar kaifi a cikin sukarin jini:
- Rawar jiki cikin hannu da kafafu;
- Rashin rauni da kyashi, ko akasin haka, matsanancin tashin hankali;
- Fargabar kwatsam na yunwar;
- Dizziness
- Kayan bugun zuciya;
- Jin gumi.
Idan ba a hanzarta matakin sukari cikin gaggawa ba, mai haƙuri zai yi rauni, yana iya rasa hankali kuma ya faɗi cikin rashin lafiya.
Sauran magunguna
Ana amfani da Biguanides sau da yawa a lura da ciwon sukari na 2 na ciwon sukari. Akwai nau'ikan irin wannan magani:
- Gajeriyar aiki - anan sun hada da glibudit;
- Tsawan aikin shine buformin retard, dioformin retard.
Tsawancin lokacin daukar matakan biguanides an samu shi ne sanadin godiya ga kwala-kwala masu yawa. Da zaran cikin narkewa, sai su sha a hankali, daya bayan daya. Saboda haka, kwayoyin maganin da ke aiki suna fara zama adsorbed ne kawai a cikin karamin hanji.
Amma kudade tare da irin wannan abun da ke ciki zai zama mai tasiri kawai idan jikin mai haƙuri ya samar da insulin ko insulin abinci mai inganci.
Biguanides a cikin jiyya na nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na mellitus yana haɓaka rushewa da ɗaukar glucose ta ƙashin ƙashi. Kuma wannan yana da tasirin gaske akan yanayin haƙuri. Tare da yin amfani da waɗannan kwayoyi na yau da kullun, an lura da masu zuwa:
- Sannu a hankali samar da glucose.
- Ptionarancin shan glucose a cikin ƙananan hanji.
- Starfafa ƙwayar ƙwayar lipid.
- Rage cikin samar da ƙwayoyin mai.
Bugu da kari, biguanides sun sami damar kawar da ci da rage yunwa. Abin da ya sa galibi ana wajabta su ga marasa lafiya masu kiba. Wadannan abubuwa suna contraindicated a cikin irin waɗannan lokuta:
- Type 1 ciwon sukari
- Weightarancin nauyi;
- Haihuwa da lactation;
- Cutar cututtuka;
- Pathology na kodan da hanta;
- Duk wani aikin tiyata.
A cikin endocrinology, haɗin magungunan wannan rukuni na miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da sulfanilamides ba da wuya a yi shi ba don maganin cututtukan type 2. Mafi yawan lokuta ana amfani dasu a lokuta inda nauyin nauyi da sarrafawa suke da mahimmanci.
Abubuwanda ke haifar da sulfonylureas da shirye-shiryen ƙungiyar biguanide sune magungunan yau da kullun da ake amfani da su don ingantawa da inganta yanayin mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari na 2.
Akwai wasu magunguna waɗanda kuma suna taimakawa sarrafa sukari na jini da daidaita shi idan ya cancanta.
Wadannan sun hada da:
- Thiazolidinediones - magunguna na wannan rukunin magunguna suna ba da gudummawa ga shaye-shayen kwayoyi na insulin a cikin kasusuwa na katako na cutarwa.
- Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors - yana hana aikin enzymes wanda ke haɓaka samar da sitaci, hakan zai shafi matakin glucose a cikin jini. Wani sanannen magani ne kuma sananne sosai a cikin wannan rukuni shine Glucobay. Amma idan aka sha, ana lura da sakamako masu illa kamar ƙwarƙwasa, colic, da ciwon ciki (zawo).
- Meglitinides - waɗannan kwayoyi kuma suna rage matakan sukari, amma suna yin dan kadan daban. Suna karawa aikin hanji aiki, ana fara samarda insulin din hormone sosai, a hankali, yawan tattarawar glucose a cikin jini yana raguwa. A cikin kantin magani, an gabatar dasu azaman Novonorm da Starlex.
- Magungunan da ke haɗuwa sune magunguna na rukuni waɗanda ke haɗuwa da wasu abubuwan haɗin da ke aiki lokaci guda a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban: don haɓaka aikin insulin, ƙara yawan yiwuwar sel zuwa gare shi, da rage samar da sitaci. Waɗannan sun haɗa da Glucovans, manyan abubuwanda ke aiki wanda sune glyburide da metformin.
Antidiabetic kwayoyi da aka ɓullo da yadda m ayyuka da cewa zai iya hana samuwar irin 2 ciwon sukari. Wadancan mutanen da cutar ba ta kamu da cutar ba, amma suna da tabo a cikin ta, ba za su iya yi ba tare da su ba. Wannan Metformin, Prekoz ne. Shan magunguna dole ne a haɗe shi da salon da ya dace da abinci.
Ana amfani da allunan Chlorpropamide a cikin magunguna daban-daban guda biyu - 0.25 da 0.1 mg. Wannan magani yana da inganci fiye da butamide, tsawon lokacinta ya kai awanni 36 bayan shan magani ɗaya. Amma a lokaci guda, maganin yana da guba sosai kuma yana da sakamako masu illa, waɗanda ana lura dasu sau da yawa fiye da maganin butamide.
An wajabta shi a cikin jiyya mai sauƙi da matsakaici na nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na mellitus. Akwai kwayoyi na tsararraki daban-daban - wannan yana ƙayyade ingancinsu, sakamako masu illa da sashi.
Don haka, kwayoyi na tsararrakin sulfonamides na ƙarni na farko ana yin su a koyaushe a cikin goma na daram. Magunguna na biyu na rukuni mai kama da wannan sun riga sun zama ƙasa mai guba, amma sun fi ƙarfin aiki, saboda ana aiwatar da sikelin su ne a cikin gungun na milligram.
Babban magani na biyu shine gibenclamide. Hanyar aikinta akan jikin mai haƙuri ana yin karatun ne kawai. Abubuwan da ke aiki na miyagun ƙwayoyi suna da tasirin ƙarfafa a kan ƙwayoyin beta na pancreas, suna sha da sauri kuma, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana haƙuri da kyau, ba tare da tasirin sakamako ba.
Sakamako bayan shan gibenclamide:
- Rage sukari na jini
- Rage a matakin mummunan cholesterol;
- Mafarin jini da kuma rigakafin cututtukan jini.
Wannan magani yana taimakawa sosai tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 wanda ba shi da insulin-mellitus ba. Ana yin maganin ne sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a rana bayan cin abinci.
Glyclazide (ko mai ciwon sukari, predian) wani magani ne mai matukar mashahuri wanda ke da tasirin hypoglycemic da angioprotective sakamako. Lokacin da aka ɗauki shi, matakin glucose a cikin jini yana daidaitawa kuma ya kasance al'ada na dogon lokaci, yayin da haɗarin haɗarin microthrombi yana raguwa. Angiopathy wani abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari.
Glyclazide yana dakatar da haɗarin platelet da sel jini, yana kafa tsarin halitta na parietal fibrinolysis. Godiya ga waɗannan kaddarorin na miyagun ƙwayoyi, zaku iya guje wa sakamako masu illa mafi haɗari a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus - haɓakar retinopathy. An wajabta Gliclazide ga waɗancan marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da haɗari ga microangiopathies.
Glycvidone (glurenorm) magani ne wanda ke da keɓaɓɓiyar dukiya. Bawai kawai zai iya rage yawan sukarin jini ba, amma an kusan cire shi gaba daya daga jikin ta hanta. Saboda wannan, ana amfani da shi wajen kula da marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari na 2 tare da gazawar koda.
Tashin hankali na iya faruwa idan kun haɗa wannan kayan aiki tare da kwayoyi na farko. Sabili da haka, an zaɓi kowane haɗuwa tare da taka tsantsan.
Glucobai (acarbose) - yana hana shan glucose a cikin hanji don haka yana taimakawa rage jini. Akwai shi a cikin allunan tare da sashi na 0.05 da 0.1 MG. Magungunan suna da tasiri mai hanawa a kan alpha-glucosidases na hanji, ya saɓa wa shanyewar carbohydrates kuma don haka yana hana sel su sha glucose daga polysaccharides.
Yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi na dogon lokaci bai canza nauyin mai haƙuri ba, wanda yake da matukar amfani ga masu ciwon suga. Sashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi yana ƙaruwa a hankali: a cikin mako na farko bai wuce 50 MG ba, ya kasu kashi uku,
Sannan yana ƙaruwa zuwa 100 MG kowace rana, kuma a ƙarshe, idan ya cancanta, zuwa 200 MG. Amma a lokaci guda, matsakaicin adadin yau da kullun kada ya wuce 300 MG.
Butamide magani ne na farko daga rukunin sulfonamide, babban amfaninsa shine haɓaka ƙwayoyin beta, kuma, sakamakon haka, ƙwayar insulin ta hanji. Zai fara aiki rabin sa'a bayan gudanarwa, kashi ɗaya ya isa awa 12, saboda haka ya isa ya ɗan ɗauka sau 1-2 a rana. Mafi yawan lokuta ana haƙuri da kyau ba tare da sakamako masu illa ba.
