Marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari ya kamata su ziyarci likitan kwastomomi akai-akai don guje wa matsalolin hangen nesa. Babban taro na glucose (sukari) a cikin jini na kara hadarin kamuwa da cututtukan ido da ke haifar da ciwon sukari. A zahiri, wannan cuta ita ce babban dalilin da yasa ake samun asarar hangen nesa a cikin manya manya wadanda shekarunsu ke tsakanin shekaru 20 zuwa 75.
A gaban ciwon sukari mellitus da matsala kwatsam tare da idanun (hazo mai ban tsoro), bai kamata ku tafi nan da nan ba kuma ku sayi tabarau. Halin zai iya zama na ɗan lokaci, kuma yana iya haifar da ƙaruwa a cikin matakan glucose na jini.
Babban sukari na jini a cikin ciwon sukari na iya haifar da ruwan tabo na lens, wanda ke shafar damar gani da kyau. Don dawo da hangen nesa zuwa yanayinta na asali, mai haƙuri dole ne ya daidaita matakin glucose a cikin jini, wanda ya zama 90-130 mg / dl kafin abinci, da mintuna 1-2 bayan cin abinci, ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da 180 mg / dl (5-7.2 mmol / l da 10 mmol / l, bi da bi).
Da zaran mara lafiya ya koyi sarrafa matakan sukari na jini, hangen nesa zai fara murmurewa a hankali. Yana iya ɗaukar kimanin watanni uku don murmurewa cikakke.
Ganuwa mai makanta a cikin cutar sankarau na iya zama wata alama ta matsalar ido - mafi muni. Anan akwai nau'ikan cututtukan ido uku da ke faruwa a cikin mutane masu ciwon sukari:
- Rashin maganin ciwon sukari.
- Glaucoma
- Katara
Rashin maganin ciwon sukari
Ofungiyoyin ƙwararrun sel waɗanda ke kunna hasken da ke wuce ruwan tabarau zuwa hoto ana kiransu retina. Ingantaccen ko jijiya na ganiya yana yada bayanan gani zuwa kwakwalwa.
Tsarin ciwon sukari yana nufin rikitarwa na yanayin jijiyoyin jini (wanda ke da alaƙa da ayyukan jijiyoyin jini) waɗanda ke faruwa a cikin cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar mellitus.
Wannan cutar ta ido tana faruwa ne sakamakon lalacewar ƙananan tasoshin kuma ana kiranta microangiopathy. Microangiopathies sun haɗa da lalacewar jijiya da cutar koda.
Idan manyan jijiyoyin jini sun lalace, ana kiran cutar da macroangiopathy kuma ya haɗa da mummunan cututtuka irin su bugun jini da infarction na zuciya.
Yawancin karatu na asibiti sun tabbatar da haɗuwar cutar hawan jini tare da microangiopathy. Saboda haka, ana iya magance wannan matsalar ta hanyar daidaita yawan kwantar da hankali na glucose a cikin jini.
Maganin ciwon sukari shine babban dalilin makantar da babu makawa. Tsawon lokaci mai tsawo na ciwon sukari shine babban haɗarin cutar retinopathy. Duk lokacin da mutum yayi rashin lafiya, zai zama mafi girma da alama zai iya fuskantar matsalolin hangen nesa.
Idan ba'a gano maganin retinopathy ba a cikin lokaci kuma ba a fara jiyya akan lokaci ba, wannan na iya haifar da cikakkiyar makanta.
Retinopathy a cikin yara masu ciwon sukari na 1 suna da wuya. Mafi sau da yawa, cutar ta bayyana kanta ne kawai bayan balaga.
A cikin shekaru biyar na farko na ciwon sukari, retinopathy da wuya ya girma a cikin manya. Sai kawai tare da ci gaba da ciwon sukari ke haɗarin lalacewa ta baya.
Mahimmanci! Kulawa na yau da kullun game da matakan glucose na jini zai rage haɗarin retinopathy. Yawancin karatu a cikin marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 sun nuna cewa marasa lafiya waɗanda suka sami cikakken iko na sukari jini ta amfani da famfo na insulin da allurar insulin sun rage yiwuwar haɓakar nephropathy, lalacewar jijiya, da retinopathy ta 50-75%.
Duk waɗannan maganganun suna da alaƙa da microangiapathy. Nau'in nau'in masu ciwon sukari na 2 sau da yawa sun riga sun sami matsalolin ido yayin da aka gano su. Don sassauta haɓakar retinopathy da hana sauran cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, ya kamata ku sa idanu a kai a kai:
- jini
- matakin cholesterol;
- hawan jini
Iri na Diabetic Retinopathy
Bayanin retinopathy
A wasu halaye, tare da lalacewar jijiyoyin jini, babu raunin gani. Wannan yanayin ana kiransa retinopathy na baya. Matakan sukari na jini a wannan matakin yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali. Wannan zai taimaka hana ci gaban cututtukan fata da sauran cututtukan ido.
Maculopathy
A mataki na maculopathy, mai haƙuri yana fuskantar lalacewa a cikin yanki mai mahimmanci wanda ake kira macula.
Sakamakon gaskiyar cewa rikice-rikice na faruwa a wani mahimmin shafi, wanda yake da matukar mahimmanci ga hangen nesa, ana iya rage aikin ido sosai.
Cutar farfadiya mai tsoka
Tare da wannan nau'in maganin farfadowa, sababbin hanyoyin jini suna fara bayyana a bayan ido.
Sakamakon gaskiyar cewa retinopathy shine rikicewar microangiopathic na ciwon sukari, nau'in cutar mai yaduwa saboda rashin isashshen oxygen a cikin tasoshin idanu da aka lalace.
Wadannan jiragen ruwa sun zama bakin ciki kuma sun fara sakewa.
Katara
Cutar katako shine girgije ko duhu na ruwan tabarau wanda, lokacin lafiya, ya bayyana sarai. Tare da taimakon ruwan tabarau, mutum yana gani kuma yana mai da hankali ga hoton. Duk da gaskiyar cewa cataract na iya haɓaka cikin mutum mai lafiya, a cikin masu ciwon sukari, irin waɗannan matsalolin suna faruwa sosai a farkon, har ma lokacin samartaka.
Tare da haɓakar kamuwa da cutar kansa, idanun mai haƙuri ba za su iya mai da hankali ba kuma hangen nesa yana cikin rauni. Bayyanar cututtukan cataract a cikin ciwon sukari sune:
- hangen nesa mai kyalli;
- hangen nesa.
A mafi yawancin halayen, lura da cataracts yana buƙatar maye gurbin ruwan tabarau tare da abun wucin gadi. Nan gaba, don gyaran hangen nesa akwai buƙatar tabarau na tuntuɓar ko tabarau.
Glaucoma don ciwon sukari
A cikin ciwon sukari na mellitus, magudanar ilimin halittar jini na tsayawar jini. Saboda haka, yana tarawa kuma yana ƙaruwa da matsa lamba a cikin ido.
Wannan ilimin shine ake kira glaucoma. Hawan jini yana lalata jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyi na ido, suna haifar da rauni na gani.
Akwai yawancin nau'ikan glaucoma, wanda yake asymptomatic har zuwa wani lokaci.
Wannan na faruwa har sai cutar ta yi tsanani. Sannan akwai asarar hangen nesa daya riga.
Yawancin lokaci ƙasa da glaucoma suna tare da:
- zafi a idanu;
- ciwon kai;
- lacrimation;
- hangen nesa
- Halos kusa da tushen haske;
- cikakken asarar hangen nesa.
Jiyya na glaucoma na ciwon sukari na iya kunshe da waɗannan hanyoyin:
- shan magani;
- amfani da saukad da idanu;
- hanyoyin laser;
- tiyata, maganin ciwan ido.
Matsalar ido mai ɗauke da cutar sankara za a iya magance ta kowace shekara ta gwajin likita tare da likitan mahaifa don wannan ilimin.
