A cikin shekaru 40 da suka gabata, adadin ƙarancin yara da matasa a duniya ya karu sau 10 kuma kimanin miliyan 124 ne. Waɗannan sakamakon sakamakon binciken da aka buga kwanan nan ne a cikin mujallar kimiyya ta Lancet. Hakanan, fiye da yara miliyan 213 sun wuce kiba. Wannan shine kusan kashi 5.6% na girlsan mata da kashi 7.8% na yara a duniya.
A cewar masana na WHO, a yanzu wannan wataƙila ita ce babbar matsalar matsalar fannin kiwon lafiya ta zamani. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa kasancewar irin wannan cutar a ƙuruciya kusan lalle yana nufin zai kasance cikin balaguro kuma yana iya haifar da haɓakar ciwon sukari, cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da ke ciki. Temo Vakanivalu, kwararre a cikin WHO game da cututtukan da ba a iya yadawa ba, ya damu da karuwar kamuwa da cutar sukari irin ta 2 a cikin yara kanana, kodayake wannan cuta yawanci tana faruwa ne a cikin manya.
Juyoloji na matsalar
Mafi yawan yara masu kiba suna zaune a tsibiran Oceania (kowane yaro na uku), sai Amurka, wasu ƙasashe na Caribbean da Gabashin Asiya (kowane na biyar). A Rasha, a cewar majiyoyi daban-daban, kusan 10% na yara suna fama da kiba, kuma kowane yaro na 20 yana da kiba.
Dangane da rahoton Rospotrebnadzor da aka buga a wannan bazara, a cikin Rasha daga 2011 zuwa 2015, yawan masu kiba sun karu sau 2.3 kuma ya kai adadin 284.8 a cikin mutane dubu 100. Kamfanin Nenets mai cin gashin kansu, Altai Krai da Penza Oblast sun kasance masu saukin kamuwa da sabon “kwayar karin fam”.
Duk da alƙawarin da ke firgita, alamu na gaba ɗaya na ƙasarmu har yanzu suna da gamsarwa: 75% na mata da 80% na maza suna da nauyi na al'ada.
Menene dalilin
"A cikin kasashe masu tasowa, ƙididdigar kiba ga yara kusan ba ta girma ba, yayin da a cikin ƙasashe mafi talauci yana ƙaruwa da yawa," in ji farfesa na Kwalejin Royal na London Majid Ezzati, wanda ya jagoranci binciken.
A cewar masana abinci mai gina jiki, tallata yaduwa da wadatar abinci mai araha mara nauyi ne a kan wannan, wanda ya haifar da karuwar cinikin abinci mai dacewa, abinci mai sauri, da abin sha mai sa maye. Wani masanin abinci mai gina jiki Suzanne Levine a cikin wata hira da yayi da New York Times ta Amurka ya ce: "fuka-fukan da aka soyayye, milkshakes, fries da soda mai daɗi ba su dace da daidaituwa ba. Musamman idan aka yi la’akari da waɗannan samfuran a matsayin alamomin salon adon rayuwa kuma an tilasta su cikin manyan al'adun abinci. Don haka yana faruwa a cikin ƙasashe matalauta inda wuraren samar da abinci mai sauri ke bunkasa kowace shekara. "
Tsananta bai isa ba
Masana ilimin kimiyya waɗanda suka gudanar da binciken suna yin kararrawa: sun yi imani cewa bai isa kawai sanar da mutane game da haɗarin wannan abinci mai gina jiki ba. Don koyon sabon al'ada game da yadda ake da adadin kuzari da kuma zabi da ya dace na cin abinci mai lafiya, ana buƙatar ƙarin matakan ingantaccen matakan. Misali, gabatar da kara haraji kan kayayyakin da ke kunshe da sukari, iyakance sayar da abinci abin kazanta ga yara tare da kara yawan motsa jiki na yara a makarantun ilimi.
A yau, ƙasashe 20 kawai a duniya sun sanya ƙarin haraji akan abubuwan sha tare da babban sukari, amma wannan shine farkon mafari, wanda tabbas zai buƙaci ƙarin matakan tsattsauran ra'ayi da yanke hukunci.
Hakanan wajibi ne don gudanar da bincike na lokaci don gano cutar a farkon matakan kuma daidaita abinci mai gina jiki cikin lokaci, idan ba a riga an yi hakan ba.
