Ciwon sukari mellitus wani nau'in cuta ne wanda ke haifar da rikicewar metabolism a ƙarƙashin rinjayar fasalin halayyar mutum guda ɗaya - karuwa a matakan sukari na jini sama da na al'ada.
Ciwon sukari ta hanyar mace-mace yana cikin matsayi na uku a yawan cututtukan. Wurare biyun farko suna dauke da cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan zuciya. Da zaran an gano wata cuta, cikin sauki zai iya sarrafawa.
Abu ne mai sauki a tantance cikin lokaci, idan kun fahimci abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaba, musamman kungiyoyin haɗari da alamu. Game da yadda za a gano idan sukarin jini ya karu, a gida, tsararrun gwaji na musamman, glucometer da sauran na'urori za su iya faɗi.
Kwayar cutar
Kowane nau'in "cutar sukari" yana da dalilai daban-daban da hanyar samar da tsari, amma dukansu suna da alamu guda ɗaya waɗanda suke iri ɗaya ne ga mutanen shekaru daban-daban da mata.
Daga cikin mafi bayyanar alamun halayyar:
- nauyi asara ko karin nauyi,
- kishi, bushe bakin,
- urination na kullun tare da yawan fitowar fitsari (wani lokacin har zuwa lita 10).
Lokacin da nauyin jiki ya canza, wannan ya kamata faɗakarwa, saboda ciwon sukari yana bayyana kanta daidai tare da wannan alamar farko.
Rage nauyi mai nauyi na iya magana game da nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, samun nauyi shine halayyar cutar 2.
Baya ga manyan bayyanannun, akwai jerin alamun bayyanar cututtuka, tsananin zafin abin da ya dogara da matakin cutar. Idan ana samun babban taro na sukari a cikin jinin mutum tsawon lokaci, to ya bayyana:
- cramps, nauyi a kafafu da 'yan maruƙa,
- rage a cikin acuity na gani,
- rauni, gajiya, tsananin wahala,
- itching da fata da kuma a cikin perineum,
- yaduwar cututtuka
- shafe tsawon warkar da abrasions da raunuka.
Verarfin irin waɗannan bayyanannu ya dogara da yanayin jikin mai haƙuri, sukari jini da tsawon lokacin cutar. Idan mutum yana da ƙishirwa cikin bakinsa da yawan kumburin kansa a kowane lokaci na rana, wannan yana nuna cewa akwai buƙatar gaggawa a duba matakin sukari na jini.
Wadannan bayyanannu sune mafi yawan alamun bayyanar kasancewar farkon cutar sankarau. Wajibi ne a nemi likita wanda zai ba da izinin gwaje-gwaje da yawa, sune:
- urinalysis
- gwajin jini don sukari.
Sau da yawa cutar tana farawa kuma ta gudana ba tare da wata alama ba, kuma nan da nan ta nuna kanta a matsayin rikitarwa mai rikitarwa.
Don hana faruwar hakan, yakamata a yi jarrabawa aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara kuma kar kuyi watsi da gwaje-gwajen rigakafin ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali.
Matatun Gwaji
Kayan aiki mafi sauki kuma mai araha don sarrafa tarin shuki shine ramin gwaji na musamman. Ana amfani dasu da kusan kowane masu ciwon sukari.
A waje, ana ɗaukar takarda tare da reagents na musamman, kuma idan ruwa ya shiga, togunan sun canza launi. Idan akwai sukari a cikin jini, to mutum zai hanzarta kafa wannan ta hanyar inuwar tsiri.
Matsayin glucose yawanci shine 3.3 - 5.5 mmol / L. Wannan manuniya shine don bincike, wanda aka dauka kafin abincin safe. Idan mutum ya ci abinci mai yawa, to, sukari na iya tashi zuwa 9 - 10 mmol / l. Bayan wani lokaci, sukari ya kamata ya rage aikinsa zuwa matakin da yake kafin cin abinci.
Don amfani da tsinkayen gwaji da tantance glucose a cikin jini, kuna buƙatar bin abubuwan algorithm mai zuwa na ayyuka:
- A wanke hannuwanka da kyau sabulu ka goge su,
- dumama hannuwanku ta shafawa juna,
- saka tsummoki, busassun rigar ruwa ko tabarma a kan tebur,
- tausa ko girgiza hannaye don sa jinni ya zama mafi kyau,
- mu bi da maganin maganin ƙwayar cuta,
- yi ɗan yatsa da allura ta insulin ko kayan aiki da za'a iya zubar dashi,
- runtse hannunka ƙasa ka jira har jini ya bayyana,
- Taɓa tsattsar jini da yatsanka domin jini ya rufe filin da ake juyawa,
- shafa yatsanka da auduga ko bandeji.
Nazarin na faruwa ne tsakanin 30-60 seconds bayan sanya jini a cikin reagent. Za'a iya samun cikakken bayanai ta hanyar karanta umarnin don matakan gwajin. Saitin ya kamata yana da ma'aunin launi wanda za'a iya kwatanta sakamako.
Yawancin glucose, duhu mafi duhu. Kowane inuwa yana da nasa lambar daidai da matakin sukari. Idan sakamakon ya ɗauki darajar matsakaici a filin gwaji, kuna buƙatar ƙara lambobi 2 kusa da lissafin matsakaita ilimin lissafi.
Eterayyade sukari a cikin fitsari
Masu gwaji suna aiki a kan irin wannan manufa, suna ba da ikon tantance sukari a cikin fitsari. Abubuwan sun bayyana a cikin fitsari idan cikin jini mai nuna alamarsa ya kai fiye da 10 mmol / l. Wannan yanayin mafi yawanci ana kiran sa bakin ƙirar.
Idan adadin sukari a cikin jini ya wuce 10 mmol / l, to, tsarin urinary din ba zai iya jure wannan ba, kuma ana fitar dashi glucose a cikin fitsari. Yawancin sukari a cikin jini, shine yafi a cikin fitsari.
Matakai don tantance matakin glucose ta hanyar fitsari basa buƙatar amfani da shi don masu ciwon sukari type 1, da kuma mutanen da suka haura shekara 50. A tsawon lokaci, ƙwanƙwarar ƙirar suna ƙaruwa, kuma sukari a cikin fitsari bazai iya fitowa ba a duk yanayin.
Kuna iya yin gwajin a gida, sau biyu a rana: sanyin safiya da kuma awanni 2 bayan cin abinci. Za'a iya sauya jujin reagent kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin kwararar fitsari ko a jefa shi cikin kwalba na fitsari.
Lokacin da ruwan yayi yawa, kuna buƙatar jira shi zuwa gilashi. Masu yin gwaji tare da hannaye ko goge tare da adiko na goge baki ba su yarda da su ba. Bayan 'yan mintoci kaɗan, zaku iya bincika sakamakon kuma ku gwada su da sikelin launi da yake gudana.
Tare da farkon amfani da abinci mai dadi, sukari a cikin fitsari na iya ƙaruwa, wanda kuna buƙatar kula da hankali kafin bincike.
Yin amfani da mitsi na glucose na jini
Za'a iya samun ƙarin ingantaccen bayanan glucose ta amfani da na'urar da aka tabbatar - glucoseeter. Tare da wannan na'urar, zaka iya gane sukarin jininka a gida.
Don yin wannan, yatsa yatsa da lancet, an sanya digo na jini akan tsiri - an saka mai gwaji kuma an saka na ƙarshe a cikin glucometer. Yawanci, tare da glucometer, zaka iya a zahiri a cikin 15 seconds gano sukarin jini na yanzu.
Wasu daga cikin kayan aikin na iya adana bayani game da ma'aunai na baya. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don na'urorin gwaji na glucose na gida a halin yanzu. Suna iya samun babban nuni ko sauti na musamman.
Don saka idanu game da lafiyar ku, wasu mitut na glucose na jini na iya watsa bayanai da kuma tsara matakan sukari na jini, tare da ƙayyade matsakaiciyar matakan matakan. Dole ne a gudanar da bincike koyaushe a kan komai a ciki. Dole ne hannaye su tsabtace sosai kafin ɗaukar ma'auni.
Ta yin amfani da allura, suna yin wani abu da yatsa mai dan yatsa, matsi wani dan karamin jini a tsiri kuma saka tarkace a cikin na'urar. Idan an yi gwajin daidai, a kan komai a ciki, to, alamar yau da kullun ita ce 70-130 mg / dl. Lokacin da aka gudanar da binciken sa'o'i biyu bayan cin abinci, ƙa'idar ta kai har zuwa 180 mg / dl.
Don gane dogara da cewa sukari ya yi yawa sosai, zaka iya amfani da kit ɗin A1C. Wannan na'urar tana nuna matakin hawan jini da glucose a jikin mutum sama da watanni ukun da suka gabata. Dangane da A1C, ka'idar ba ta wuce glucose kashi 5% a cikin jini ba.
Mutanen da ke dauke da cutar sukari na iya daukar jini daga yatsa kawai. A halin yanzu, glucose suna ba ku damar ɗaukar abu daga:
- kafada
- hannu
- tushen babban yatsa
- kwatangwalo.
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa yatsan yatsa na da girman martani ga canje-canje, saboda haka, mafi kyawun sakamako zai kasance cikin jini da aka ɗauka daga can.
Babu buƙatar dogaro da sakamakon gwajin idan akwai alamun hyperglycemia ko kuma idan glucose ya tashi kuma ya faɗi cikin rauni.
GlucoWatch, Haske mai haske, MiniMed
A halin yanzu, zaɓi mafi girma don ƙayyade sukari na jini shine GlucoWatch šaukuwa. Yana kama da agogo; ya kamata koyaushe a sa shi a hannu. Na'urar tana auna glucose sau 3 a kowace awa. A lokaci guda, maigidan ba ya buƙatar yin komai kwata-kwata.
GlucoWatch agogon yana amfani da wutar lantarki don ɗaukar ruwa kadan daga fata kuma aiwatar da bayanin. Amfani da wannan na’urar neman sauyi bata cutar da mutane ko cutarwa.
Wata sabuwar na'urar na’urar zamani ce wacce take auna sukari na jini ta amfani da hasken wuta da aka yiwa fata. Wannan hanyar ba ta da ciwo kuma baya haifar da rashin jin daɗi da rushewar fata, komai yawan lokuta ana amfani dashi.
Sakamakon sakamakon ya dogara da daidaiton aikin na'urar. Dole ne a yi wannan ta hanyar jawo hankalin kwararrun likitoci tare da gabaɗayan ilimin da ake bukata.
A matsayin na'ura don ci gaba da tabbatar da daidaituwa na glucose, zaku iya amfani da tsarin MiniMed. Ya ƙunshi karamin catheter filastik wanda aka saka a ƙarƙashin fata mutum.
Wannan tsarin na awanni 72 a wasu lokuta na lokaci kai tsaye yana daukar jini kuma yana tantance tarowar glucose. Na'urar itace abin dogara sosai.
Sakamakon zai iya tasiri sakamakon amfani da wasu magunguna, wanda dole ne a yi la’akari da shi yayin amfani da waɗannan na'urorin binciken.
Idan akwai shakku game da amincin sakamakon da aka samu ta amfani da kayan gida, ya kamata ka nemi likita. Zai gudanar da cikakken gwaje-gwaje kuma ya tsara jerin gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje.
Matsayin glucose na jini daga yatsan al'ada ne, idan yana cikin kewayon 6.1 mmol / l, sukari a cikin fitsari kada ya wuce 8.3 mmol / l.
Hakanan akan kasuwa kusan kwanan nan ya bayyana glucose masu tsini ba tare da tsararrun gwaji ba. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin zai nuna yadda aka ƙaddara matakan sukari na jini.
