Ciwon sukari mellitus yana haɗaka hanyoyi daban-daban guda biyu na haɓakar cutar, abubuwan da ke nuna waɗanda suke ƙaruwa koyaushe cikin matakan sukarin jini. A cikin ciwon sukari na mellitus na nau'in farko, ƙarancin insulin yana tasowa saboda lalata sel a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, wanda ke buƙatar nadin maganin insulin daga farkon cutar.
Nau'in na 2 na ciwon sukari mellitus yana da alaƙa da haɓakar mai karɓa na nama zuwa insulin. A wannan yanayin, farkon cutar yana gudana tare da al'ada ko ma haɓaka ƙwayar insulin, saboda haka wannan zaɓi shine ake kira mellitus-non-insulin-da ke fama da ciwon sukari.
Tunda glucose na jini ya ci gaba da motsa sakin insulin ta hanyar sel, a tsawon lokaci, ajiyar kumburin hancin ya ragu a hankali kuma nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na mellitus ya fara zama cikin bukatar insulin.
Sanadin da tsarin ci gaba na nau'in ciwon sukari na biyu
Abubuwan da ke haifar da kwayoyin halitta a cikin abin da ya faru na ciwon sukari na 2 shine hujja ba makawa, kuma sun fi muhimmanci fiye da nau'in cutar ta farko. Amma an gano cewa ana keta rikitar glucose ta hanyar gado, wanda ba lallai bane ya canza shi zuwa masu ciwon suga.
Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa ainihin hanyar don ci gaba da wannan nau'in ciwon sukari shine kasancewa ta hanyar ƙwayoyin sel waɗanda ke iya ɗaukar glucose kawai a gaban insulin, shine haɓakar insulin haɓaka glucose na jini yana faruwa daga baya, sakamakon irin wannan cin zarafi.
Duk sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon sukari, waɗanda ke ƙaddara ƙaddarar mai haƙuri, suna waje da gyara, wato, ana iya rinjayar su ta wannan hanyar don hana ci gaban cutar. Babban abubuwan da ke haifar da yiwuwar bayyanawar ta biyu sun hada da:
- Nau'in kiba.
- Rashin motsa jiki.
- Atherosclerosis
- Ciki
- Halayen damuwa.
- Shekaru bayan shekaru 45.
Rage nauyi a cikin marasa lafiya tare da kiba zai haifar da maido da yawan kwastoma da insulin bayan cin abinci. Kuma idan halayen cin abinci suka dawo, kuma mai haƙuri ya sake wuce gona da iri, to, ana yawan gano musgunawar hyperglycemia da hyperinsulinemia, kuma saboda rikicewar abincin insulin ya lalace.
Levelsaukar matakan insulin sun danganta da farkon alamun cutar sankarar bargo da kuma kiba, lokacin da har yanzu akwai alamun rikice-rikice a cikin metabolism na metabolism. Hyperinsulinemia a cikin irin waɗannan halayen ne mai raunin tsarin don tsayayya nama zuwa insulin. Jiki yana ƙoƙarin shawo kan juriya na insulin ta hanyar haɓakar haɓakar hormone.
Idan kiba tayi yawa na tsawon lokaci cikin mutane bisa ga asalin halitta da ke haifar da lalacewar metabolism, sannan na tsawon lokaci, raguwar beta-cell tana raguwa. Bayyanar da cutar sankara tare da alamu bayyanar cututtuka.
Wannan shine, samar da insulin a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ba zai iya ɗaukar tsawon lokaci ba, kuma idan babu shi, ana buƙatar maganin insulin.
Za'a iya biyan insulin-insulin-da ke ɗaukar ciwon sukari kawai ta hanyar insulin, ko kuma an wajabta shi tare da magunguna masu rage sukari don haɗakarwa.
Alamomi don maganin insulin a nau'in ciwon suga na biyu
Amfani da insulin na zamani akan nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 wanda ke taimaka wajan sake dawo da rikice-rikice guda uku: gyara don rashi insulin kansa, rage samuwar insulin a cikin hanta da kuma dawo da ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta a jikinta.
Don alƙawarin insulin, akwai alamun dindindin da na ɗan lokaci. Ya kamata a fara ci gaba da gudanarwa kai tsaye tare da ketoacidosis, asarar nauyi, alamun rashin ruwa da glucosuria.
Irin wannan tafarkin na ciwon suga yana faruwa ne a cikin balagagge tare da sannu-sannu sannu a hankali mai ciwan kansa, wanda a ciki akwai buƙatar insulin jim kaɗan bayan gano cutar sankara. A wannan yanayin, ana gano alamun halakar ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar yadda a farkon cutar. Yawancin lokaci
Tare da contraindications zuwa alƙawarin Allunan, ana iya tsara insulin. Wadannan dalilai sun hada da:
- Rashin koda ko aikin hanta.
- Ciki
- Mai tsananin rashin lafiyar fitsari mai kamuwa da cuta.
- Pnepheral polyneuropathy tare da ciwo mai zafi.
- Footafarin mai ciwon sukari tare da rikicewar trophic.
- Rashin insulin a cikin hanyar ketoacidosis.
Kimanin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na marasa lafiya ba su da amsawa ga shan magungunan don rage sukari ko wannan amsawar ba ta da ƙaranci. Idan ba a iya biyan diyya cikin watanni uku, to sai a tura marasa lafiya zuwa insulin. Tsarin jigilar magunguna na faruwa, a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin ƙarshen bincike na ciwon sukari mellitus, lokacin da rage ƙwayar insulin na insulin.
Wani karamin sashi na marasa lafiya ya sami juriya yayin da aka lura da matakan glucose mai zurfi akan asalin tsarin maganin abinci da mafi yawan magunguna. An lura da wannan a cikin marasa lafiya da cutar glycemia a lokacin ganewar asali da kuma halin da ake ciki na ƙaruwa.
Yawanci, irin waɗannan marasa lafiya sun kamu da rashin lafiya na kusan shekaru 15; kumburinsu ba zai iya amsawa ba ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta. Idan glucose na jini ya wuce 13 mmol / l, to babu sauran zaɓin magani fiye da ɗaukar insulin.
Amma idan mai haƙuri yana da kiba, to, ƙaddamar da insulin ba koyaushe yana ba da tasirin da ake so ba. Sabili da haka, tare da glycemia ba sama da 11 mmol / l ba, zaku iya ƙin maganin insulin, tunda tare da nauyin kiɗa alamun alamun lalata suna kasancewa iri ɗaya kamar shan allunan.
Ana yin insulin na wucin gadi lokacin yanayin da yake juyawa. Wadannan sun hada da:
- Saukar jini na Myocardial.
- Cututtukan cututtuka tare da zafin jiki mai girma.
- Halayen damuwa.
- Mai tsananin rashin daidaituwa.
- Tare da alƙawarin corticosteroids.
- A cikin ayyukan tiyata.
- Tare da ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari da kuma nauyi asara.
- Don mayar da hankalin mutum zuwa kwayoyin hana daukar ciki.
Siffofin alƙawarin insulin a nau'in ciwon suga na biyu
Nau'in na 2 na ciwon sukari mellitus yana nufin wata cuta da ake samu ta bayyanar cututtuka. Kuma yayin da hanya ke ci gaba, hanyoyin da suka gabata na magunguna sun daina tasiri. Wannan yana ƙara haɗarin rikitarwa. Saboda haka, duk masu ilimin likitancin diabetologists sun yarda da bukatar tsarin kulawa da jinya mai zurfi.
Matsayi na ƙarshe game da diyya na ciwon sukari shine raguwa a cikin ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa. Ko da kuwa ko an sami irin wannan raguwar - ta insulin ko allunan, wannan yana haifar da raguwa a cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya, cututtukan zuciya, cututtukan zuciya da sauran cututtukan jijiyoyin bugun gini.
Sabili da haka, a cikin rashin sakamako daga maganin rage cin abinci da motsa jiki na aiki, kazalika da ƙayyadadden nauyin jikin mutum, ya zama dole don amfani da maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwazo da wuri-wuri.
Jagora don zaɓar hanyarta na iya zama raguwa cikin haemoglobin glycated. Idan kawai allunan sun isa, to an zaɓi mai haƙuri don maganin- ko haɗuwa da magani tare da kwayoyi daga rukuni daban-daban na magunguna na rage sukari, ko kuma hada allunan da insulin.
Siffofin haɗin kai (insulin da Allunan) na nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 sune:
- Don magani, ana buƙatar ƙaramin allurai insulin sau 2.
- Tasiri a fuskoki daban-daban: aikin hanta cikin hanta, shaƙuwar karuwar carbohydrate, ɓoye insulin da jijiyar nama daga gare ta.
- Yawan adadin haemoglobin yana inganta.
- Commonarancin rikitarwa na ciwon sukari.
- Hadarin atherosclerosis yana raguwa.
- Babu nauyi mai yawa a cikin marasa lafiya masu kiba.
An wajabta insulin ne sau 1 a rana. Fara da ƙarancin allurai na insulin na matsakaici na tsawon lokaci. Ana gudanar da maganin kafin karin kumallo ko da dare, babban abin shine a lura lokaci guda na allurar. Sau da yawa ana amfani da maganin insulin tare da haɗarin insulin.
Idan ya zama dole don gudanar da insulin sama da raka'a 40 na insulin, allunan an cire su kuma mai haƙuri ya canza yanayin insulin gaba daya. Idan glycemia ya kasa da 10 mmol / l, kuma ana buƙatar raka'a insulin 30 na insulin, to an tsara maganin ƙwayar cuta, kuma an dakatar da insulin.
A cikin lura da marasa lafiya masu kiba, ana ba da shawarar cewa a haɗa nauyin insulin tare da kwayoyi daga ƙungiyar biguanide, wanda ya haɗa da Metformin. Wani madadin zai zama acarbose (Glucobai), wanda ke rikicewa tare da ɗaukar glucose daga hanji.
Hakanan an samu sakamako mai kyau ta hanyar haɗuwa da insulin da kuma ɗan gajeran aiki mai ɓullowa insulin, NovoNorma. Tare da wannan haɗuwa, NovoNorm yana aiki a matsayin mai tsara tashin Yunƙurin bayan cin abinci kuma an wajabta shi tare da manyan abinci.
An bada shawarar insulin yin aiki da dogon lokaci don gudanarwa kafin lokacin bacci. Yana rage rage yawan motsawar hanta a hanta kuma yana daidaita glucose jini yayin yin kwantar da hankalin insalin ilimin basal na ilimin halittar jiki.
Babu insulins na musamman don maye gurbin maganin ciwon sukari na mellitus, amma haɓaka magungunan da zasu iya rage yawan glycemia bayan cin abinci kuma ba sa haifar da hypoglycemia tsakanin abinci ba. Yin amfani da irin wannan insulins ma yana da mahimmanci don hana karuwar nauyi, kazalika da mummunan tasiri akan metabolism na lipid. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin zaiyi bayanin pathogenesis na ciwon sukari.
