A jikin mutum, ana kiyaye insulin ne bisa tsari mai gudana, alal misali, a matsayin karfin jini. A cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari, wannan tsari ya lalace kuma akwai buƙatar tsarin doka ta hanyar gabatar da magungunan da ke maye gurbin wannan hormone. Sabuwar insulin ta 2018 sanannu ne saboda ingancin aikinsa da aminci ga masu ciwon sukari.
Bayan allura, matakin insulin a cikin jini ya tashi da sauri, sannan a hankali ya ragu, wanda hakan ke cutar da lafiyar mutum, yana haifar da wasu damuwa. Zai yi wuya a kula da yanayin jikin mutum da daddare, idan ma gabatarwar kwayoyi kai tsaye kafin lokacin bacci baya taimakawa dakatar da raguwar matakan insulin na jini da safe.
Saboda wannan, ana ci gaba da inganta sabbin abubuwan insulins, wanda ke ba da damar kula da matakin glucose a cikin jini a matakin yau da kullun.
Menene insulin
Wannan hormone asalin furotin ne, wanda sel ke samarwa a cikin hanjin.
Insulin yana ba wa kwayoyin glucose damar shiga sel, don haka, ƙwayoyin suna karɓar ƙarfin da suke buƙata, kuma glucose ba ta tarawa cikin jini. Bugu da ƙari, insulin ya ƙunshi cikin canji na glucose zuwa cikin glycogen. Wannan abu shine babban hanyar ajiyar kayan jiki.
Idan maganin najasa yana aiki lafiya, to mutum ya sake fitar da karamin insulin, bayan ya ci wannan adadin insulin, wanda ake buƙata yayi aiki da fitsari, carbohydrates da sauran abubuwan.
Tare da rikice-rikice na adadi na samar da insulin, an kafa nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, tare da cin zarafin ingancin wannan abu, ciwon sukari na 2 ya bayyana.
A cikin ciwon sukari na mellitus na nau'in farko, akwai lalacewa mai sauƙi na sel beta, wanda ke haifar da farko zuwa raguwa, sannan kuma zuwa ƙarshen dakatar da samar da insulin. Don ɗaukar carbohydrates da ke zuwa tare da abinci, ana buƙatar insulin na waje.
Insulin na ciki na iya zama:
- tsayi
- gajere
- aikin ultrashort.
A cikin ciwon sukari na mellitus na nau'in na biyu, ana samar da insulin a cikin adadin da ya dace, kuma sau da yawa fiye da yadda ake buƙata, amma tasirinsa yana da illa. Ba zai iya aiki akan membrane ta yadda kwayoyin glucose ɗin suka shiga ciki ba.
Game da ciwon sukari nau'in 2, ana amfani da magunguna na musamman waɗanda ke canza fasalin aikin insulin.
Tresiba
Ofungiyar sabbin abubuwan insulins sun haɗa da sinadarin deglaude, wanda shine insulin aiki mai dorewa. Tasirin har zuwa awanni arba'in. Wannan nau'in insulin an yi shi ne don magance nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 a cikin manya. Gwaje-gwaje na asibiti na mahalarta 1102 sun nuna cewa sinadarin yana da inganci ga masu ciwon sukari na 1.
An tantance insulin na Tresiba a cikin gwaji na asibiti guda 6 wanda a ciki kusan masu amsa dubu uku suka shiga cikin duka. Anyi amfani da Tresiba azaman mai alaƙa da wakilin maganin cututtukan baka don maganin marasa lafiyar da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 2.
Mutanen da suka karɓi wannan insulin sun kai matakin sarrafa glycemic kama da wanda aka cimma tare da Lantus da Levemir. Ya kamata a gudanar da Tresiba a ƙarƙashin ƙasa a kowane lokaci 1 lokaci kowace rana. Akwai insulin aiki na tsawon lokaci a cikin nau'ikan biyu:
- Raka'a 100 / ml (U-100), haka kuma raka'a 200 / ml (U-200),
- Alkalami na FlexTouch.
Kamar kowane magani, wannan insulin yana da sakamako masu illa, musamman:
- halayen rashin lafiyan: anaphylaxis, urticaria,
- hawan jini,
- yawan tashin hankali: matsosai akai-akai, yawan magana da harshe, itching fata, rage yawan aiki,
- allurar lipodystrophy,
- halayen gida: kumburi, hematoma, redness, itching, thickening.
Ana adana sabbin insulins na 2018 a cikin yanayi masu kama da magungunan da suka gabata. Ya kamata a kiyaye insulin daga sanyi da dumama.
Ana ci gaba da bincike kan sabon insulin, gami da nazarin masu cutar siga da ke amfani da sabbin nau'ikan insulin. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa irin waɗannan abubuwan insulins ba su da shahara a duk ƙasashe.
Yanzu an tsara sabon insulin a cikin manyan biranen Rasha. Amfanin da ba za a iya mantawa da irin waɗannan magungunan ba shine raguwa a cikin abin da ya haifar da ciwon sukari. Idan wannan matsalar ta dace, zaku iya gwada ɗayan sabon insulins.
Nazarin ya nuna cewa a kowane yanayi, akwai raguwa a cikin matakan haemoglobin na glycated.
Ryzodeg
Ryzodeg 70/30 insulin ya hada da inslula insulin analogues: super insulin basal insulin (degludec) da insul-prandial insulin mai aiki (aspart). Ingancin ya danganta ne da binciken asibiti tare da masu amsa 362 wadanda suka karbi Ryzodeg.
An lura cewa tsakanin mahalarta waɗanda ke da nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, amfani da wannan insulin ya ba da gudummawar rage HbA, idan aka kwatanta da tasirin da ya gabata daga yin amfani da insulin-hade da aka hade.
Sakamakon sakamako na wannan insulin:
- hawan jini,
- halayen rashin lafiyan halayen
- halayen a wurin allura,
- lipodystrophy,
- itching
- rashes,
- kumburi
- nauyi.
Bai kamata mutanen da ke da ketoacitodosis su ɗauke Tresiba da Ryzodeg ba.
Tujeo Solostar
Toujeo Insulin Toujeo shine sabon insulin 'basal wanda aka tsara don manya da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 1 da nau'in 2. Sanofi ya ƙirƙira wannan abun.
Kamfanin yana samar da wasu shahararrun insulin na zamani. Waɗannan magungunan an riga an yarda dasu don amfani dasu a Amurka. Toujeo shine insulin na yau da kullun tare da bayanin ayyukan aiwatarwa sama da awanni 35. Ana amfani dashi sau 1 a kowace allura kowace rana. Aikin Tujeo ya yi kama da aikin Lantus na miyagun ƙwayoyi, wanda kuma shine cigaban Sanofi.
Tujeo's insulin yana da yawan girma Glargin, wanda yakai raka'a 300 / ml. A baya can, wannan ba haka bane a cikin wasu maganganu na gaba.
Sabbin nau'ikan insulin, ciki har da Tujeo, ana samun su azaman amfani da aya wanda ya ƙunshi raka'a insulin 450 kuma yana da matsakaicin adadin 80 IU a allura. An ƙaddara waɗannan sigogi ne a kan binciken da aka gudanar tare da mutane dubu 6.5 waɗanda ke da nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.
Wannan adadin yana nufin cewa alkalami ya ƙunshi 1.5 ml na insulin, kuma wannan shine rabin kayan kwatancen 3 ml na al'ada.
Binciken ya gano cewa Tujeo insulin yana nuna kyakkyawan iko da sukari na jini da ƙananan haɗarin samuwar irin wannan mummunan haɗari kamar hypoglycemia a cikin ciwon sukari na mellitus, musamman da dare, a cikin mutane masu fama da ciwon sukari na 2.
Masu bita da amsa wadanda galibi tabbatattu ne.
Basaglar
Kamfanin Lilly ya bayyana insulin Basaglar. Wannan shine sabon nasarar da aka samu a fagen samar da insulin da dadewa.
Ana amfani da Basaglar a matsayin magani ga masu ciwon sukari a cikin nau'ikan insulin na baya tare da injections na gajere ko gajere. Hakanan ana amfani dashi ga mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari na 2. Ana amfani da Basaglar duka biyu azaman monotherapy kuma azaman ɓangaren tsarin kulawa da cututtukan zuciya.
Ya kamata a gudanar da insulin sau ɗaya a cikin kowace awa 24. Yana da bayanin milder idan aka kwatanta da magungunan da suka kara da suke buƙatar allurai guda biyu a rana. Basaglar yana rage hadarin cututtukan jini.
Wajibi ne a bayar da allura yau da kullun a lokaci guda. Don haka, yana da sauƙi mu guji ɓoye allurai. Ana siyar da samfurin a cikin Allonn da za'a iya amfani dashi na alkalami, wanda aka shirya don amfani dasu.
Kuna iya ɗaukar alkalami tare da ku kuma bayar da allura a kowane lokaci, a ko'ina.
Lantus
Kamfanin Faransa na Sanofi shi ma ya kirkiro Lantus ko Glargin. Abun ya isa ya shigar da lokaci 1 cikin sa'o'i 24. Akwai karatu da yawa wadanda aka gudanar a kasashe daban-daban. Dukkansu suna da'awar amincin wannan insulin ga masu ciwon sukari tare da cututtukan 1 da nau'in 2.
Wannan nau'in sabon insulin yana fitowa ne daga yin amfani da fasahar injiniyan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyi kuma yana da cikakkiyar daidaituwa tare da kwayoyin halittar jikin mutum. Maganin ba ya tsokani halayen rashin lafiyan kuma ba jaraba bane.
Za'a iya amfani da magani ga duka manya da yara. A cikin wasu lokuta masu tsauraran cututtukan ciwon sukari, magani tare da ultrashort da magunguna masu gajeren lokaci suna buƙatar haɓaka.
Lantus ana amfani dashi sosai a Burtaniya, Amurka da sauran ƙasashe. A lokaci guda, yawan mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari waɗanda suka fi son insulins na zamani suna ƙaruwa koyaushe. Lokacin canzawa zuwa shan wannan insulin, rage girman haɗarin glycemia.
An ƙirƙiri sabon insulin a cikin nau'in maganin allura wanda aka allura tare da alkalami na ƙararrawa. Babu matsaloli ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari wajen gudanar da maganin. Wani fa'idar wannan gabatarwar shine kawar da yawan overdoses.
Har yanzu, insulin da suka dade suna aiki ba su cika tsammanin masu ciwon sukari ba. Lantus ya kamata ya tsara insulin a cikin jiki a cikin kullun, amma a aikace tasirin sa yana raunana bayan sa'o'i 12.
A sakamakon haka, a cikin marasa lafiya da yawa hyperglycemia farawa da yawa sa'o'i kafin a shirin kashi. Bugu da ƙari, haɗarin cutar hypoglycemia yana ƙaruwa nan da nan bayan allura.
Lantus bayan babu kololuwar turawa, yana da inganci tsawon awanni 24. Kafin Lantus, an yi amfani da “insulin” insulins:
- Sabon Rapid
- Humalog,
- Apidra.
Waɗannan ɓarna a hankali suna buɗewa cikin sauri, cikin minti 1-2. Magungunan ba su wuce awa biyu ba. Bayan allurar insulin na wannan nau'in, kuna buƙatar cin abinci nan da nan.
Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin yayi magana game da insulin na insulin.
