Ciwon sukari mellitus a cikin samari yana da fasali waɗanda ke da alaƙa da canje-canje na hormonal. Saurin haɓaka da samartaka yana faruwa tare da haɓakar haɓakar hormone girma da kwayoyin jima'i, waɗanda suke yin ɗayan sabanin dangane da insulin.
Ciwon sukari na matasa yana faruwa ne tare da rage yawan jin daɗin tsoka da ƙwayoyin mai zuwa insulin. Irin wannan juriya na insulin ilimin halittar jiki yayin balaga yana kara karfin ikon yin rama ga masu cutar siga kuma yana haifar da kwararar jini a cikin sukari na jini.
'Yan mata masu shekaru 15 da haihuwa suna ba da kulawa ta musamman ga bayyanar, kuma ana iya haɓaka aikin insulin tare da karuwa a cikin jikin mutum, don haka suna iyawa ga ƙuntatawa abinci da kuma yawan kai hare-hare na cututtukan jini.
Siffofin kamuwa da cutar siga yayin samartaka
Haɓaka ciwon sukari a cikin samartaka galibi yana da alaƙa da lalacewar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Wannan na faruwa ne a cikin yaran da iyayensu ko kuma dangi na kusa da su suka kamu da ciwon sukari. Canza kwayoyin halittar da ke hade da ciwon sukari ba ya nufin cewa ɗan zai zama mai rashin lafiya.
Don saurayi ya fara ciwon sukari, kuna buƙatar abin da ke haifar da lalacewar ƙwayar cuta da kuma samar da ƙwayoyin cuta a jikin ku. Hanyar haifar da ciwon sukari na yara na iya zama ƙwayoyin cuta, damuwa, abubuwa masu guba, magunguna, shan sigari, duka cikin yara maza da mata.
Ciwon sukari na 1 wanda ke faruwa tare da rashin samar da insulin kuma alamomin sa na faruwa ne a lokacin da kusan babu kwayoyin beta da suka rage cikin farji. Saboda haka, irin waɗannan yara ana tilasta su daga farkon kwanakin kuma suna kan allurar rayuwa ta tsawon rayuwa. Game da cin zarafin miyagun ƙwayoyi, yaro zai iya fada cikin rashin lafiyan coma.
A cikin shekaru 15 da suka gabata, an sami ƙarin yawan cutar sukari na 2 a tsakanin matasa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda karuwar adadin yara masu ƙarancin kiba da ƙarancin motsa jiki. Kiba mai yawa yana haifar da karuwar insulin juriya, wanda yake halayyar shekaru 13-15 na rayuwa kuma, a gaban kwayoyin halitta, yana haifar da ciwon sukari.
Tare da nau'in cuta ta biyu, canje-canje masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin jiki:
- Ana samar da insulin isa, a farkon sa ya fi na al'ada.
- Kwayoyin hanta, ƙwayoyin tsoka, da ƙwayar adipose ba za su iya samun glucose daga jini ba, kamar yadda masu karɓa ba su amsa insulin.
- Hankalin yana fara rushewar glycogen da samuwar glucose daga amino acid da mai.
- A cikin tsokoki da hanta, an rage adadin glycogen.
- Matakan cholesterol na jini na karuwa.
Akwai kuma nau'i na musamman na cutar (MODY) wanda alamun ciwon sukari a cikin matasa ba su da alaƙa da juriya na insulin da kumburi autoimmune.
Marasa lafiya, a matsayinka na doka, suna da ɗan raguwa a cikin aikin kwayar beta, babu dabi'ar ketoacidosis, nauyin jikin al'ada ne ko ƙananan. Irin wannan ciwon sukari na yara yana faruwa sau da yawa tsakanin shekarun 15 zuwa 21.
Alamomin kamuwa da cutar siga
Bayyanar cututtukan ciwon sukari a cikin matasa yawanci sune hankula da ci gaba cikin hanzari ba tare da magani ba. Babban alamu yana da alaƙa da hauhawar glucose a cikin jini: ƙishirwa mai ƙarfi, wanda ba ya zama ƙasa da shan ruwa mai yawa. Mitar da yawan urination yana ƙaruwa, gami da cikin dare.
Increaseara yawan fitowar fitsari da kuma buƙatar karin ruwa har ma da fitar ƙwayar osmotic na jini wanda ya haifar da hauhawar jini. Rage nauyi a cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari shine ya haifar da asarar ruwa mai yawa da kuma carbohydrates daga abinci, wanda jiki baya iya ɗaukar ciki idan babu insulin.
Alamomin kamuwa da cutar sankarau a cikin 'yan matan zamani wani yanayi ne na rashin daidaituwa ko rashin haila, wanda hakan kan iya haifar da rashin haihuwa saboda rashin fitar kwai. Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na type 2 na sukari, polycystic ovary sau da yawa yana haɓaka tare da raguwa a cikin abubuwan da ke cikin hormones na mace na jini a cikin jini.
Alamomin nuna cutar sankarau a cikin 'yan mata masu kimanin shekaru 15:
- Gajiya, rashin aiki sosai.
- Sharp hawa da sauka a cikin wani tunanin baya, fushi da hawaye.
- Magana ga rashin jin daɗi, rashin jin daɗi.
- Cututtukan fata: furunlera, kuraje, neurodermatitis, cututtukan fungal.
- Candidiasis na mucous membranes na gabobin da bakin ciki.
- Itching na fata, musamman ma a cikin perineum.
- M cututtuka da yawa.
Ciwon sukari mellitus sau da yawa yana faruwa tare da alamun cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, yayin da matashi mai ciwon sukari yana da hauhawar matakin hawan jini, cholesterol mai haɓaka, dyslipidemia, nephropathy da microcirculation mai rauni a cikin ƙananan ƙarshen, katsewa da jin numbness a cikin kafafu.
Alamomin kamuwa da cutar siga a cikin matasa tare da bayyanar cutar ta sankara suna da alaƙa da tarawar jikkunan ketone a cikin jini. Wannan na faruwa ne idan yawan jinin sukari ya wuce sosai, kuma jiki yana fuskantar rashi ƙarfin kuzari, wanda yake ƙoƙarin yinsa ta hanyar samar da ketones.
Alamar farko ta ketoacidosis na iya zama tashin zuciya da zafin ciki, sannan amai da haɓaka rauni, hayaniya da yawan numfashi, ƙanshi na acetone a cikin iska mai narkewa. Ketoacidosis mai saurin ci gaba yana haifar da asarar ƙwaƙwalwa da cutarma.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da ketoacidosis a cikin samartaka shine ƙaruwar buƙatar insulin a kan asalin canji a cikin yanayin hormonal, ƙari na kamuwa da cuta ko wasu cututtukan haɗuwa, sake cin abinci sau da yawa da kuma tsallake gudanarwar insulin, halayen damuwa.
Siffofin magani ga matasa masu ciwon sukari
Take hakkin da shawarar likitan, rashi na allurar insulin da kuma amfani da kayan da aka hana, giya da shan sigari suna sanya jiyyar cutar sankarar mahaifa a cikin samari musamman mawuyacin hali kamar yadda aka ba da izinin ka'idojin yanayin motsa jiki.
Hankula ga matasa su ne karuwa a cikin glycemia da sanyin safiya - sabon abu ne sanyin safiya. Dalilin wannan sabon abu shine sakin kwayoyin hormonal-contrart - cortisol, hormone girma, hormones masu motsa jini.
A al'adance, ana cika irin wannan babban matakin kwayoyin ta hanyar karuwar insulin, amma wannan ba ya faruwa a cikin masu ciwon sukari.Don hana hauhawar jini da sanyin safiya, dole ne a gudanar da wani ƙarin kashi na gajeran insulin.
A cikin lokacin daga shekaru 13 zuwa 15, buƙatar insulin na iya wuce raka'a 1 a kowace kilo 1 na nauyin jikin kowace rana. A wannan yanayin, cutar ta Somoji na iya haɓaka - mai yawan yawan insulin. Idan ba'a cimma daidaitaccen jinin sukari na jini ba, to jiki zai amsa ga hypoglycemia a matsayin yanayin damuwa, yana motsa glandon adrenal da sakin glucagon cikin jini.
Bayyanar cututtuka na yawan insulin insulin:
- Yawan canza yanayin yanayi da canje-canjen halayen.
- Rashin ƙarfi kwatsam da ciwon kai, wanda ke raguwa bayan cin abinci mai daɗi.
- Rashin gani na ɗan gajeren lokaci da kuma tsananin haske.
- Rage hankali da aiki na jiki.
- Mafarki mai ban tsoro da daddare.
- Gajiya da gajiya bayan bacci.
- Jin dawwama kuma wanda ba zai iya jurewa yunwar ba
Alamar tabbaci game da cutar ta Somogy shine ci gaba a gaban kamuwa da cuta ko kwayar cutar insulin.
Sanadin rashin ingantaccen kiwon lafiya a cikin ciwon sukari na iya zama karancin insulin, wanda a kullum ana lura da hauhawar jini a cikin jini, matashi na zamani cikin girma daga takwarorin sa, babu wani tashin hankali na rashin karfin jini, matakin glycated haemoglobin yana da girma, kuma tare da gabatar da ƙarin kashi na insulin, lafiyar ta inganta.
'Yan mata suna buƙatar tuna cewa glycemia' yan kwanaki kafin haila kuma a farkon kwanakin haila na iya zama mafi girma, don haka kuna buƙatar sauya kashi na duka insulin da ke aiki da gajere.
Yin rigakafin rikicewar cutar siga a cikin samari
Hanyar labile na masu ciwon sukari a cikin samartaka na iya haifar da farkon haɓakar rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari, matsaloli tare da koyo, haɓaka jiki da samartaka.
Sabili da haka, a wannan lokacin, riƙe glycemic fihirisa waɗanda ke da kusanci da al'ada kamar yadda ake tsammani shine babban maƙasudin magani. Don wannan dalili, ana ba da izinin insulin ne kawai a cikin nau'i mai ƙarfi: sau biyu gabatarwar insulin tsawanta da sau uku a taƙaice allura kafin manyan abinci.
Zai yuwu a sarrafa hanyar ciwon sukari yayin balaga kawai tare da saka idanu sosai game da glycemia yayin rana da kuma bin ka'idodi na abinci. Ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa insulin yana haifar da karuwa a cikin nauyin jiki, saboda haka kuna buƙatar lissafta kullun ba wai adadin carbohydrates ba, har ma da adadin adadin kuzari.
Lokacin gudanar da aikin insulin a cikin matasa, dole ne a kiyaye ƙa'idodin masu zuwa:
- Kulawa da kanka na glycemia da daidaita sashi na insulin yayin canje-canje a cikin abinci ko aikin jiki.
- Ziyara ta yau da kullun ta hanyar likitancin endocrinologist, likitan fata da likitan ido, kuma, in ya cancanta, likitan mahaifa, therapist da nephrologist. Tattaunawar tarin fuka sau ɗaya a shekara.
- Gwajin ƙwayar haemoglobin aƙalla sau 1 a kowane kwata, ECG sau ɗaya a kowane watanni shida.
- Increaseara yawan ƙwayar insulin don kamuwa da cututtukan cututtukan fata, kuma a cikin girlsan mata daysan kwanaki kaɗan kafin lokacin haila.
- Aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara, ana nuna maganin prophylactic a asibiti tare da zaɓi na adadin insulin.
Haɓaka ayyukan jiki a cikin mellitus na ciwon sukari a cikin kwanakin baya ba kawai yana taimakawa rage yawan insulin da aka yi amfani dashi don magance hyperglycemia ba, har ma yana ƙara mayar da martani ga masu karɓar horon da ke cikin hanta, tsokoki da ƙashin mai.
Bugu da kari, wasanni na yau da kullun suna koyar da tsarin jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyin jini, kara juriya da aiki, sannan kuma sun sami damar kara yanayi, godiya ga sakin endorphins (hormones na nishadi) cikin jini. Wannan ya fi dacewa musamman a cikin abubuwan ɗora da kullun, ana ɗaukar aƙalla minti 40 a rana.
Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin ya ba da cikakkun bayanai game da halayen ciwon sukari a cikin matasa.
