Tsarin sukari na jini a cikin yara underan shekara ɗaya: al'ada a cikin bincike

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Ana ɗaukar ciwon sukari cuta mai saurin kamuwa da ita, musamman ga yara har zuwa shekara guda. Kowace shekara, likitoci suna yin rijistar karuwar mutane da ke fama da ciwon sukari. Dangane da wannan, yana da daraja sanin cewa ƙarin sukari na jini a cikin yara na 1 shekara shine 2.78 - 4.4 mmol / l.

Kwayar cutar yara da ke dauke da cutar siga ba ta aiki yadda yakamata. Rashin yiwuwar riƙe daidaitaccen glucose a cikin jini an lura.

Yana da mahimmanci a bincika ko wane irin sukari a cikin jinin yaro shine daidaita yanayin magani. Ana yin kowane magani bayan hanyoyin bincike.

Abubuwan raguwa cikin matakan sukari a cikin yara

Matakan sukari na jini an kafa su ne bisa dalilai da yawa. Abincin yaro da yadda ake aiki da narkewar hancinsa suna da mahimmanci.

Hakanan, kwayoyin halittu daban-daban suna yin tasiri akan yawan glucose a jiki. Da farko dai, insulin na hormone wanda ke motsa jiki yana hade da sukari.

Har ila yau, kwayoyin hormones din suna cikin aikin, kazalika da:

  • hypothalamus
  • gland adrenal
  • kwayoyin glucagon.

Idan yaro yana da raguwar sukari a cikin shekara 1, wannan saboda:

  1. karancin ruwa a jiki da karancin abinci,
  2. insulinoma
  3. mummunan ciwo na cututtukan ƙwayar cuta
  4. sarcoidosis
  5. narkewa na cututtukan cututtukan hanji (gastritis, pancreatitis da sauransu),
  6. cututtuka da raunin kwakwalwa,
  7. maye tare da arsenic ko chloroform.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, glucose na iya haɓaka tare da:

  • ba daidai ba an yi nazari: idan jariri ya ci abinci kafin binciken ko kuma yana da wata damuwa ta rashin hankalin-
  • kiba
  • cututtuka na adrenal gland shine yake, thyroid gland shine yake da glandon gland,
  • maganin cututtukan zuciya,
  • amfani da glucocorticoids na tsawon lokaci da magungunan anti-inflammatory marasa steroidal.

Idan ƙara girman sukarin jinin yaro ya yi yawa, wannan ba ya nuna cewa yana da ciwon suga ne.

Rage raguwar sukarin jini a cikin yaro ɗan shekara 1 ana saninsa da aiki da damuwa na karamin mutum. Bayan cin abinci, ɗan farin ciki ya faru, gumi ya fara fitowa. Sau da yawa akwai farin fata da kuma farin ciki. Wani lokaci za'a iya samun mara wayewar hankali da raɗaɗin rashin sani.

Smallayan ƙaramar cakulan ko allura ta glucose da sauri yana inganta.

Alamomin da aka jera sune halayyar cututtukan hypoglycemia kuma suna da haɗari, tun da ma'aunin hauhawar jini na iya haɓaka, da mutuƙar mutuwa.

Symptomatology

Dole ne a yi nazarin alamun farko a hankali, tunda tsawan hyperglycemia yana haifar da lalata a cikin aikin kwakwalwa.

A cikin yara 'yan shekara 1, ciwon sukari abu ne mai wuya. Rashin rikicewar shine yake haifar da ganewar asali, tunda ɗan ba zai iya faɗi wa kansa abin da ke damun sa ba.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka sune:

  1. amai
  2. urination akai-akai
  3. jinkirin nauyi
  4. numfashin acetone
  5. lethargy, rauni, kuka,
  6. m numfashi, m bugun zuciya da bugun jini,
  7. diaper kurji
  8. raunuka waɗanda ba sa warkar da dogon lokaci.

Dukkanin alamu ba su bayyana nan da nan, cutar za ta iya haɓakawa a cikin watanni shida. Ba da jimawa ba gano cutar, da ƙarancin akwai matsaloli daban-daban.

Childrena allan shekaru daban-daban tare da ciwon sukari na farko suna da rauni marasa nauyi. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon karancin makamashi sakamakon asarar sukari a cikin fitsari. Tare da rashin insulin, akwai kuma raunin fats da sunadarai a cikin jiki, wanda a cikin layi ɗaya tare da bushewa yana haifar da asarar nauyi mai yawa.

Paarancin aiki na rigakafi yana haifar da cututtukan fungal da cututtuka masu yawa. Akwai buƙatar yin jiyya na dogon lokaci tare da juriya da maganin gargajiya.

Decompensated ciwon sukari yara za a iya bayyaninsa da rikice-rikice na tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini:

  • bayyanar zuciya da aikin gunaguni,
  • kara girman hanta
  • ci gaba da na koda gazawa,
  • zuciya palpitations.

Siffofin cutar da alamu na yau da kullun na yara

Babban sukari na jini a cikin yaro ya kasance ne saboda yanayin insulin. Halin na iya bambanta dangane da shekarun yarinyar.

Idan ƙirar jinin haihuwar ta yaro ta canza, sanadin hakan na iya zama rashin ingancin ƙwayar cutar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cutar ta hanji. Wannan halin shi ne hali ga yara. Koda ba shine ainihin jikin mutum ba, sabanin huhun, hanta, zuciya, da kwakwalwa. Saboda haka, a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwar mutum, ƙarfe a hankali ya girma.

Yaran da shekarunsu suka kama daga 6 zuwa 8, da kuma shekara 10 zuwa 12, na iya samun wasu “zaran girma”. Waɗannan sune ƙazantattun abubuwa masu ƙarfi na haɓakar hormone, wanda ke haifar da dukkanin tsarin jikin mutum ya yawaita a cikin girma.

Sakamakon wannan kunnawa, canje-canje a cikin jiki wani lokaci yakan faru. Game da shekara ta uku na rayuwa, yakamata yakamata ya fara aiki da himma kuma ya zama tushen insulin da ba'a gushewa ba.

Ya kamata a sani cewa jinin al'ada na jinin yara 'yan shekara 1 dan kadan sun bambanta dangane da hanyar samin jini da sauran abubuwan. A kusan shekaru takwas zuwa goma, akwai yiwuwar rage ƙananan alamu.

Don ƙirƙirar ra'ayi na alamun a lokacin ƙuruciya, ana amfani da tebur na musamman. Tsarin sukari a cikin yaro mai shekara ɗaya daga 2.78 zuwa 4.4 mmol / L. A shekaru 2-6, ya kamata matakin glucose ya zama 3.3-5.0 mmol / L. Lokacin da yaron ya kai shekaru 10-12 ko fiye, mai nuna alama shine 3.3 - 5.5 mmol / L.

Ana amfani da ka'idodin sukari na jini a cikin yara ta hanyar endocrinologists da likitan yara a duniya. Manuniya sune tushen maganin cutar sankarau.

Ana gano jariri a irin waɗannan halaye:

  1. idan gwajin jini da aka yi akan komai a ciki yana nuna cewa glucose ya fi mm 5.5 / l,
  2. idan bayan awa biyu bayan karbar glucose, sukari ya wuce 7.7 mmol / l.

A cikin jinin yara ‘yan kasa da watanni 8, matakin glucose ya yi ƙasa, tunda akwai wasu fasaloli na hanyoyin metabolism. Yayinda yaron ya girma, yana buƙatar ƙarin makamashi, wanda ke nufin ƙarin glucose. Lokacin da yaro ya kai shekara biyar, ka'idodin sukari na jini ya zama kama da na manya, wanda yake al'ada ce.

Idan ɗayan tagwayen suna da cutar sankara, na biyu yana da haɗarin kamuwa da rashin lafiya. A nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, a cikin 50% na lokuta, cutar ta samo asali a cikin wasu tagwaye.

Tare da nau'in cuta ta 2, inan na biyu na iya samun ilimin fida, musamman idan akwai nauyi mai yawa.

Siffofin nazarin matakan glucose a cikin yara

Zai fi kyau nazarin jini don sukari a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwajen likita. Taimakawa adadin glucose yakamata ayi ta hanyar mataimaka masu gwaji. A kan marasa lafiya, ana biyan duk bukatun hanyoyin, kuma gwajin jini don sukari zai zama cikakke kuma abin dogara ne sosai.

A halin yanzu, ana amfani da glucose masu yawa, wanda zaku iya ɗaukar ma'auni a gida. Yanzu ana sayar da waɗannan na'urori a kusan kowane kantin magani. Ana iya amfani da wannan binciken yau da kullun, don gano alamun sukari a cikin yaro.

Ana yin samfurori na jini a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ta amfani da nazarci na musamman. Ana ɗaukar jini a cikin komai a ciki, a cikin yara dole ne a ɗora daga yatsan ko daga diddige, don kada ya haifar da ciwo.

Shiri don binciken kusan iri ɗaya ne kamar na manya. Wajibi ne a bi irin wannan dokokin:

  • kafin bincike, bai kamata a bai wa yaro kimanin awa goma ba,
  • an yarda da ruwa. Ruwan sha mai yawa yana hana yunwar bacci, amma kuma yana tafiyar da tafiyar matakai na rayuwa,
  • Ba kwa buƙatar yin kowane motsa jiki tare da yaranku, saboda matakan glucose na iya raguwa kwatsam.

Ta amfani da wani bincike, zaku iya gano ƙimar shan sukari bayan yawan cinsa.

Magungunan magani

Ana yin maganin warkewar cutar sankara ta hanyar maye gurbin insulin.

Likita ya ba da umarnin insulins.

A cikin 1 ml, akwai 40 IU na insulin.

Ana gudanar da insulin a karkashin subcutane:

  • a ciki
  • a cikin gindi ko kuma kwatangwalo,
  • a kafada.

Wajibi ne a canza wurin allurar koyaushe. Wannan don hana yiwuwar murƙushe nama. Don gabatarwar kwayoyi, zaku iya amfani da famfunan insulin na Omnipod. A cikin cibiyoyin likitanci, akwai layin karbar irin waɗannan na'urori. Idan za ta yiwu, likitoci suna ba da shawarar sayan glucometer da amfani da shi akai-akai.

Matsakaicin matakan glucose ba zai haifar da matsaloli daban-daban ba idan iyaye suka tsananta kula da alamun su kuma ziyarci dakin gwaje-gwaje don bincike.

Ciplesa'idojin jiyya da hanyoyin rage cin abinci

Idan akwai matsala tare da sukari mai yawa, likita dole ne ya tsara tsarin lokacin magani. Baya ga magunguna, yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da jerin ƙa'idodi. Wajibi ne a bi tanadin abubuwan tsafta, wanke yaro da sanya idanu a cikin membranes na mucous.

Wannan yana da mahimmanci don rage ƙoshin fata da hana yiwuwar samuwar cututtukan fata a fatar. Don yin wannan, shi ma wajibi ne don sanya fata a kafafu da hannu tare da kirim don hana raunin da ya fashe daban-daban.

Likita na iya tsara tausa da aikin motsa jiki don inganta zubar jini da sautin jiki. Irin waɗannan shawarwarin suna iya yiwuwa ne kawai bayan jerin jerin gwaje-gwaje da kuma kimanta matakin metabolism a cikin jikin yaron.

Iyaye su kula da abin da yaran suke ci a koyaushe. Abincin da ya dace shine ainihin asali, idan har yawan sukari a cikin yaro ya yi yawa.

Wajibi ne a samar wa yaron abincin da ya dace. Jerin abinci na yara sun hada da abinci mai mai mai yawa da carbohydrates. Fats, waɗanda aka cinye tare da abinci, yawancinsu asalin kayan lambu ne. Idan yaro yana da sukari mai yawa, yana da kyau a ware sauƙi a cikin abinci mai narkewa a cikin abincin. Haɗin ya kamata ya zama mai daɗin daɗi ba.

Idan sukarin jini ke tashi koyaushe, yaro ya daina cin abinci:

  1. taliya
  2. Semolina
  3. Kayan kwalliya
  4. kayayyakin burodi.

A cikin yanayin rani, yana da mahimmanci don ware inabi da ayaba daga cikin menu na yara. Ya kamata ɗan ya ci ƙananan abinci aƙalla sau biyar a rana.

Dole ne a tuna da cewa yaro ya girma kuma yana girma kuma akwai damar kawar da hypoglycemia ko ciwon sukari gaba ɗaya. Abubuwan da ke haifar da irin waɗannan cututtukan ya kamata a nema a cikin yanayin ƙaddarawar abinci da abinci na jariri. Hakanan, cutar na iya bayyana bayan kamuwa da cutar kwayar cuta.

Irin waɗannan yara suna cutar da cutar:

  • kiba
  • tare da raunana rigakafi,
  • tare da cuta na rayuwa.

Yin hulɗa koyaushe tare da likita da sake duba ka'idodi don kula da yarinyar zai sa ya yiwu a matakan manyan alamun cutar ciwon suga.

Ana ba da bayani game da al'ada na glycemia a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.

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