Harkokin insulin shine babban jiyya ga masu ciwon sukari na 1 wanda ya lalace a cikin metabolism metabolism. Amma wani lokacin ana amfani da irin wannan magani don nau'in cuta ta biyu, wanda ƙwayoyin jikin mutum basa tsinkayen insulin (hormone da ke taimakawa canza glucose zuwa makamashi).
Wannan ya zama dole lokacin da cutar ta yi tsanani tare da lalata.
Hakanan, an tabbatar da gudanar da insulin a wasu fannoni:
- coma mai cutar kansa;
- contraindications ga yin amfani da magunguna masu rage sukari;
- rashin ingantaccen sakamako bayan shan maganin antiglycemic;
- matsanancin ciwon sukari.
Insulin wani sinadari ne wanda a koda yaushe yake shiga jiki. Ta hanyar asali, zai iya zama dabba da ɗan adam. Bugu da ƙari, akwai nau'ikan hormone daban-daban (heterologous, homologous, haɗe) tare da durations daban-daban.
Kula da ciwon sukari ta hanyar maganin hormone yana buƙatar wasu dokoki da ƙididdigar sashi mai dacewa. In ba haka ba, matsaloli daban-daban na ilimin insulin na iya haɓaka, wanda kowane mai ciwon sukari ya kamata ya sani.
Hypoglycemia
Game da yawan abin sama da ya kamata, karancin abinci na carbohydrate ko wani lokaci bayan allura, matakin sukari na jini na iya raguwa sosai. A sakamakon haka, yanayin haɓakar jini na haɓaka.
Idan ana amfani da wakilin mai saki mai amfani, to, rikitarwa mai kama da haka ta faru lokacin da tattarawar abu ya zama mafi yawa. Hakanan, an lura da raguwa a cikin matakan sukari bayan aiki mai ƙarfi na jiki ko rawar jiki.
Abin lura ne cewa babban wuri a cikin bunkasa haɓakar hypoglycemia ba shine maida hankali na glucose ba, amma ragi na raguwarsa. Sabili da haka, alamun farko na raguwa na iya faruwa a 5.5 mmol / L a kan raguwar saurin matakan sukari. Tare da raguwa a hankali a cikin glycemia, mai haƙuri na iya jin ƙarancin al'ada, yayin karanta karatun glucose shine 2.78 mmol / L ko ƙananan.
Halin hypoglycemic yana tare da alamu masu yawa:
- tsananin yunwa;
- bugun zuciya;
- yawan wuce haddi;
- rawar jiki na wata gabar jiki.
Tare da ci gaban rikice-rikice, raɗaɗi ya bayyana, mai haƙuri ya zama bai isa ba kuma yana iya rasa hankali.
Idan matakin sukari bai faɗi ƙasa sosai ba, to, an kawar da wannan yanayin a cikin hanya mai sauƙi, wanda ya ƙunshi cin abincin carbohydrate (100 g na muffin, guda 3 na sukari, shayi mai zaki). Idan babu cigaba a tsawon lokaci, mai haƙuri ya buƙaci ya ci daidai adadin mai daɗin rai.
Tare da haɓakar ƙwayar cutar hypoglycemic, ana nuna gudanar da iv na 60 ml na glucose bayani (40%). A mafi yawancin lokuta, bayan wannan, yanayin mai ciwon sukari ya inganta. Idan wannan bai faru ba, to bayan minti 10. an sake sa shi da glucose ko glucagon (1 ml ƙarƙashin ƙasa).
Hypoglycemia cuta ce mai matukar hatsari ga masu ciwon sukari, saboda tana iya haifar da mutuwa. A hadarin akwai tsofaffi marasa lafiya da lalacewar zuciya, kwakwalwa da jijiyoyin jini.
Rage sukari koyaushe na iya haifar da bayyanar cututtukan tunani marasa daidaituwa.
Hakanan, basirar mai haƙuri, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ta ɓaci da kuma maganin cutar ta farfadowa da cuta ko haɓaka.
Insulin juriya
Sau da yawa tare da ciwon sukari, ƙwaƙwalwar sel zuwa insulin yana raguwa. Don ramawa metabolism metabolism, ana buƙatar 100-200 PIECES na hormone.
Koyaya, wannan yanayin yana faruwa ba kawai saboda raguwar abun ciki ko kusancin masu karɓa don furotin ba, har ma lokacin da kwayoyin cuta ga masu karɓa ko kwayoyin suka bayyana. Hakanan, juriyawar insulin yana tasowa daga asalin lalata furotin ta hanyar wasu enzymes ko kuma ɗaure ta da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta.
Bugu da kari, rashin hankali ya bayyana a yanayin saurin karuwar rufin kwayoyin contrainsulin. Wannan yana faruwa ne akan tushen hypercortinism, yadawa mai guba mai guba, acromegaly da pheochromocytoma.
Tushen magani shine gano yanayin yanayin. Har zuwa wannan, kawar da alamun cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata (cholecystitis, sinusitis), cututtukan glandar endocrine. Hakanan, ana maye gurbin wani nau'in insulin ko ana amfani da insulin ta amfani da allunan rage sukari.
A wasu halaye, ana nuna glucocorticoids. Don yin wannan, ƙara yawan ƙwayoyin maganin yau da kullun da kuma ba da magani na kwana goma tare da prednisone (1 mg / kg).
Bugu da ƙari, dangane da yanayin haƙuri, ana rage rage yawan ƙwayoyi. Amma wani lokacin tsawan amfani da kudade cikin adadi kaɗan (har zuwa 15 MG kowace rana) ya zama dole.
Hakanan, don juriya na insulin, ana iya amfani da insulin mai narkewa. Amfaninta shine cewa baya amsawa da ƙwayoyin rigakafi, yana da kyakkyawan aiki na ilimin halittu kuma kusan ba sa haifar da rashin lafiyan halayen. Amma lokacin da aka sauya zuwa irin wannan ilimin, marasa lafiya ya kamata su san cewa kashi na wakili mai narkewa, idan aka kwatanta da tsari mai sauƙi, an rage zuwa ¼ na adadin farko na maganin.
Cutar Jiki
Lokacin da aka gudanar da insulin, rikice-rikicen na iya zama daban. Don haka, a cikin wasu marasa lafiya akwai rashin lafiyan ƙwayar cuta, wanda ke bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i biyu:
- Yankin. Bayyanar erythematous, tartsatsi, ƙaiƙayi ko ƙura a cikin allurar.
- An daidaita shi, a cikin abin da urticaria ke faruwa (wuyansa, fuska), tashin zuciya, ƙoshin fata, yashwa a jikin mucous membranes na bakin, idanu, hanci, tashin zuciya, zafin ciki, amai, jin sanyi, zazzabi. Wani lokacin ƙwanƙwalin ƙwayar cuta ana tasowa.
Don hana ci gaban rashin lafiyar jiki, sau da yawa ana yin maye gurbin insulin. Har zuwa wannan, ana maye gurbin hormone dabba a cikin halittar mutum ko kuma wanda ya samar da maganin.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa rashin lafiyan yana ci gaba ne ba akan hormone din kansa ba, amma akan abin da aka kiyaye don magance shi. A wannan yanayin, kamfanonin magunguna na iya amfani da mahallin magunguna daban-daban.
Idan ba zai yiwu a maye gurbin miyagun ƙwayoyi ba, to, ana haɗuwa da insulin tare da gabatar da ƙananan allurai (har zuwa 1 MG) na hydrocortisone. A cikin mummunan halayen halayen, ana amfani da magungunan masu zuwa:
- Calcium chloride;
- Hydrocortisone;
- Diphenhydramine;
- Suprastin da sauransu.
Abin lura ne cewa bayyanar gida na rashin lafiyan sau da yawa sukan bayyana lokacin da allura ta yi ba daidai ba.
Misali, game da zaɓin da ba daidai ba na wurin yin allura, lalacewar fata (ƙyalƙyali, allura mai kauri), da kuma gabatarwar sanyi mai magani.
Laktipsulip Lipodystrophy
Akwai nau'ikan lipodystrophy 2 - atrophic da hauhawar jini. Wani nau'in cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na tsohuwar ƙwayar cuta ta tasowa daga tushen tsawan tsawaitar nau'in ƙwayar cutar sankara.
Ta yaya daidai irin waɗannan bayyanar allurar bayan-abin da ke faruwa ba a kafa shi ba. Koyaya, yawancin likitoci suna ba da shawarar cewa sun bayyana saboda rauni na dindindin ga jijiyoyin gefe tare da ƙarin rikice-rikice na neurotrophic na gida. Hakanan lahani na faruwa yayin amfani da insulin ɗinda keɓantaccen isashshen aiki.
Amma bayan amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta, yawan bayyanuwar lipodystrophy an rage sosai. Wani muhimmin mahimmanci shine rashin daidaituwa na hormone, alal misali, hypothermia na wurin allura, yin amfani da shirye-shiryen sanyi, da sauransu.
A cikin wasu halaye, a kan asalin lipodystrophy, juriyawar insulin da yawa dabam yana faruwa.
Idan an kamu da ciwon sukari game da bayyanar lipodystrophy, yana da matukar muhimmanci a bi ka'idodin insulin therapy, wuraren canza kullun don allura. Hakanan, don hana faruwar lipodystrophy, an narke hormone tare da daidai adadin Novocaine (0.5%).
Bugu da kari, an gano cewa sinadarin lipoatrophy ya bace bayan chipping da insulin mutum.
Sauran tasirin insulin farji
Sau da yawa a cikin masu ciwon suga da ke fama da ciwon sikila, wani mayafin yakan bayyana a gaban idanun. Wannan sabon abu yana haifar da rashin jin daɗi ga mutum, don haka ba zai iya rubutu da karatu ba.
Yawancin marasa lafiya suna kuskuren wannan alamar don maganin ciwon sukari. Amma mayafin a gaban idanuwa sakamakon canje-canje ne a cikin juyawar ruwan tabarau.
Wannan sakamako yana wucewa da kansa bayan kwanaki 14-30 daga farkon jiyya. Sabili da haka, babu buƙatar katse farji.
Sauran rikice-rikice na ilimin insulin suna kumburi daga ƙananan ƙarshen. Amma irin wannan bayyanar, kamar matsalolin hangen nesa, zai tafi da kansa.
Kumburi da kafafu yana faruwa saboda riƙe ruwa da riƙe gishiri, wanda ke tasowa bayan allurar insulin. Koyaya, a kan lokaci, jiki yakan dace da magani, don haka ya daina tara ruwa.
Don dalilai iri daya, a matakin farko na maganin, marasa lafiya na lokaci-lokaci suna iya haɓaka hawan jini.
Hakanan, a kan asalin ilimin insulin, wasu masu ciwon sukari suna samun nauyi. A matsakaici, marasa lafiya suna murmurewa daga kilogram 3-5. Bayan haka, maganin hormonal yana kunna lipogenesis (tsarin samar da mai) kuma yana ƙaruwa da ci. A wannan yanayin, mai haƙuri yana buƙatar canza tsarin abincin, musamman, abun da ke cikin kalori da yawan lokacin cin abinci.
Bugu da kari, ci gaba da gudanar da insulin ya rage karfin sinadarin potassium a cikin jini. Ana iya magance wannan matsala ta abinci na musamman.
A saboda wannan dalili, menu na yau da kullun na masu ciwon sukari ya kamata ya cika tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa Citrus, berries (currants, strawberries), ganye (faski) da kayan lambu (kabeji, radishes, albasa).
Yin rigakafin rikitarwa
Don rage haɗarin tasirin insulin therapy, kowane mai ciwon sukari dole ne ya mallaki hanyoyin sarrafa kai. Wannan manufar ta hada da wadannan sharudda:
- Kullum sanya idanu akan yawan tattarawar glucose a cikin jini, musamman bayan cin abinci.
- Daidaita alamomi tare da yanayin yanayi (jiki, damuwa na damuwa, rashin lafiya kwatsam, da sauransu).
- daidaitaccen lokacin daidaita insulin, magungunan antidiabetic da abinci.
Don auna glucose, ana amfani da tsaran gwaji ko glucometer. Eterayyadadden matakin tare da taimakon matakan gwaji ana aiwatar da su kamar haka: wani ɗan takarda yana nutsuwa a cikin fitsari, sannan kuma suna kallon filin gwajin, launi wanda canzawa dangane da haɗuwa da sukari.
Ana iya samun ingantaccen sakamako ta amfani da tube tare da filin biyu. Koyaya, gwajin jini shine mafi inganci don ƙayyade matakan sukari.
Sabili da haka, yawancin masu ciwon sukari suna amfani da glucometer. Ana amfani da wannan na'urar kamar haka: ana amfani da digo na jini a cikin farantin alamar. Bayan haka, bayan wasu 'yan seconds, sakamakon ya bayyana akan allon dijital. Amma ka tuna cewa glycemia don na'urori daban-daban na iya zama daban.
Hakanan, don insulin far din ba ya bayar da gudummawa ga ci gaban rikice-rikice ba, dole ne mai ciwon sukari ya lura da nauyin jikinsa. Kuna iya gano idan akwai ƙarancin nauyi ta hanyar ƙididdigar ƙididdigar Kegle ko nauyin jikin mutum.
Abubuwan da suka shafi sakamako na maganin insulin ana tattauna su a cikin bidiyo a wannan labarin.
