Rukunin gumaka (kwalagin rage kwayoyi) ya hada da ingantaccen Lovastatin. Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba kawai don maganin hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipoproteinemia ba, har ma a cikin rigakafin cututtukan zuciya.
Dole ne a yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a haɗe tare da abinci na musamman, motsa jiki da daidaita nauyi. A cikin wannan labarin, zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da Lovastatin, umarnin don amfani, farashi, bita, analogues.
Hanyar aiwatar da maganin
Lovastatin yana cikin rukunin magungunan rage ƙwayar cutar lipid waɗanda ke ƙeta tsarin kwayar cholesterol a cikin hanta a farkon matakin. Ana daukar wannan magani a matsayin mafi fifiko tsakanin sauran siffofin. An samo shi daga biocultures Aspergillusterreus da Monascusruber.
Sau ɗaya a cikin narkewa, ƙwayar tana ba da kanta ga tasirin narkewar enzymes kuma a hankali take hankali. Haka kuma, mafi girma da sashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi, da sauri yana tunawa cikin narkewa. Abunda yake aiki ya shiga jijiyar hanji, sannan ya shiga cikin jini. Matsakaicin abun cikin plasma ya kai bayan awa 2-4. Penetration cikin duk sauran sassan jikin mutum yana faruwa ne ta hanyar acid-hydroxy acid na kyauta.
Ayyukan Lovastatin an yi niyya ne akan matakai biyu. Da fari dai, yana rushewar kwayar cholesterol a cikin hanta, yana hana canji na ragewa zuwa wajan waka. Abu na biyu, yana haifar da kunnawa na hanzarta catabolism (tsarin lalata metabolism) na LDL. A layi daya tare da wannan tsari, akwai karuwa a cikin HDL, ko "kyau" cholesterol.
Rabin rayuwar rabi mai aiki shine awowi 3. Kwayoyin cuta tare da abu mai aiki ana kebe su ta hanjin kodan da hanjin ciki.
Umarnin don amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi
Lovastatin 20 MG ko 40 MG yana samuwa a cikin kwamfutar hannu, sashi mai aiki wanda yana da suna iri ɗaya. Substancesarin abubuwa na miyagun ƙwayoyi sune lactose monohydrate, sitaci, cellulose, magnesium stearate, butylhydroxyanisole, citric da ascorbic acid.
Ana sayar da magani ne kawai idan mutum yana da takardar sayen magani tare da shi. Lokacin sayen samfurin, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya kula da abin da aka haɗa. Koyarwar tana da alamomi da yawa na amfanin wannan magani:
- lura da hypercholisterinemia na farko hade, nau'in IIa da IIb;
- maganin hyperlipoproteinemia (hadaddun tare da ciwon sukari da cutar nephrotic syndrome);
- lura da atherosclerosis na jijiyoyin jini (tare da maganin bitamin da kuma acid na rashin abinci mai narkewa);
- rigakafin cututtukan zuciya;
- maganin cututtukan zuciya.
Yin amfani da Allunan dole ne a aiwatar da 1 sau ɗaya kowace rana yayin abincin dare. Sashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya dogara da cutar. Don haka, tare da hyperlipidemia, ana sanya magani guda ɗaya na 10-80 MG. Farfaɗar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ta fara da ƙananan allurai, tare da izinin likita, ana iya ƙara haɓaka su. An bada shawara don zaɓar sashi kowane mako 4. Za'a iya kaso mafi girma (80 MG) zuwa kashi biyu - da safe da maraice.
A cikin aikin jiyya na atherosclerosis, mafi kyawun sashi shine 20-40 mg. Idan maganin ba shi da tasiri, haɓaka zuwa 60-80 MG mai yiwuwa. Idan mara lafiya yana shan fibrates ko nicotinic acid a lokaci guda, ya kamata a yi amfani da Lovastatin ba fiye da 20 MG kowace rana. Hakanan, dole ne a rage sashi a irin waɗannan lokuta:
- Amfani da rigakafin immunosuppressants.
- Amfani da kwayoyin hana daukar ciki.
- Farfesa tare da magungunan antifungal.
- Jiyya na cututtukan hanta na takamaiman ko etiology.
- Yin amfani da kwayoyi masu ɗauke da magungunan anticoagulants.
Wajibi ne don adana magungunan a zazzabi da bai wuce 25 digiri Celsius ba.
Bayan ranar karewa, wanda shine shekaru 2, an haramta amfani da kayan.
Contraindications da sakamako masu illa
Lovastatin yana da ƙananan jerin abubuwan contraindications. Amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi an haramta shi don myopathy (cututtukan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta), ciki, cholestasis, lalatawar hanta, a ƙarƙashin shekarun 18 da bayyanar sirri ga abubuwan da aka gyara.
Ya kamata a yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da taka tsantsan a cikin marasa lafiyar da suka sami jijiyoyin zuciya da jijiyoyin wuya. Babu matsala zaka iya shan magani da giya.
A wasu halaye, magani na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa. Daga cikin su, ya zama dole mu haskaka:
- Harkokin halayen da ke hade da aikin jijiyar gastrointestinal: hare-hare na tashin zuciya, ƙwannafi, haɓakar iskar gas, canji a dandano, zawo, maye gurbin maƙarƙashiya.
- Rashin damuwa na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya: ciwon kai, barcin mara kyau, damuwa, farin ciki, rashi, payoswa, myositis, ƙwayar tsoka da myalgia. Lokacin amfani da cyclosporine, gemfibrozil ko nicotinic acid, akwai yiwuwar rhabdomyolysis.
- Abubuwan da ke faruwa na tsarin biliary: karuwar ayyukan bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, transaminases na hanta da kuma phosphokinase. Wani lokacin hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice da biliary cholestasis suna yiwuwa.
- Allergic halayen: itching, fatar fata, urticaria, angioedema, arthralgia.
- Rashin yanayin gira: atrophy na jijiya na gani da haɓakar cataracts.
- Sauran sakamako masu illa: rage ƙarfin aiki, malalar gaba ɗaya, alopecia.
Yawan shayarwa lokacin amfani da manyan magunguna ba a lura dashi. Tushen aikin jiyya shine shafewa na Lovastatin, lavage na ciki, yin amfani da sihiri (aikin gawayi, Smecta, Polysorb, Atoxil) kula da mahimman ayyuka, aikin hanta da aikin phosphokinase.
Yin hulɗa tare da wasu hanyoyi
Bai kamata a yi amfani da Lovastatin tare da duk magunguna ba, saboda ma'amalarsu zai iya haifar da mummunan halayen jiki. Haka kuma, wasu magunguna na iya kara maida hankali kan abu mai aiki, wasu kuma na iya raguwa.
Babban haɗarin lalata tsoka da myopathy, har ma da haɓaka abubuwan da ke cikin ɓangaren aiki, yana tsokani amfani da Lovastatin lokaci guda tare da nicotinic acid, Cyclosporine, Ritonavir, Erythromycin, Nefazodon da Clarithromycin.
Amfani da hadaddun ƙwayoyi tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace innabi, fenofibrate, gemfibrozil shima yana ƙara yawan yiwuwar kamuwar jini.
Hadarin na zub da jini yana ƙaruwa tare da amfani da warfarin. Rage bioavailability na lovastatin an rage lokacin amfani da colestyramine. Domin bioavailability na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya ci gaba da kasancewa al'ada, ya wajaba don amfani da kwayoyi tare da tazara na awa 2-4.
Tare da cututtukan haɗin kai, dole ne mai haƙuri ya nemi likita game da shan magunguna.
Wasu daga cikinsu basu dace da Lovastatin ba, saboda haka, haramtaccen amfani da magunguna haramun ne.
Kudin, analogues da sake dubawa na marasa lafiya
Abin takaici, a halin yanzu ba zai yiwu a sayi Lovastatin ba saboda Ba a samar da shi ba a Rasha.
Kamfanonin magunguna kamar Lekpharm (Belarus), Replekpharm AD (Makedonia) da Kievmedpreparat (Ukraine) sune masu kera magungunan.
A wannan batun, likita na iya ba da izinin analog na Lovastatin, wanda ke da kayan aikin warkewa iri ɗaya.
Shahararrun magunguna sune:
- Holetar. Ya ƙunshi sashi mai aiki - lovastatin, sabili da haka ma'ana ce ta Lovastatin. Magungunan suna da alamomi iri ɗaya, contraindications da halayen masu illa kamar Lovastatin.
- Cardiostatin. Wata sananniyar ƙwayar cuta alama ce ta Lovastatin, saboda ya ƙunshi ɗayan aiki mai aiki. Lokacin shan Cardiostatin, ana lura da tasirin warkewa don sati biyu, kuma mafi girman bayan makonni 4-6 na shan miyagun ƙwayoyi. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 290 rubles (a cikin kunshin 30 Allunan na 20 MG).
- Pravastatin. Tana da rawar gani iri-iri. Abunda yake aiki shine pravastatinum. Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi don maganin hypercholesterolemia na farko da cakuda dyslipidemia, da kuma don rigakafin cututtukan zuciya na ischemic. Amfani da Pravastatin yana yiwuwa a matsayin rigakafin sakandare don infarction na myocardial, angina pectoris da hyperlipidemia bayan-juyawa.
- Zokor. Abubuwan da ke aiki da miyagun ƙwayoyi shine simvastatin. Babban mahimmancin maganin shine maganin hypercholesterolemia. Hakanan ana amfani da Zokor azaman prophylactic don hana ci gaban cututtukan zuciya. Matsakaicin farashin shine 380 rubles (Allunan 28 na 10 MG) da 690 rubles (Allunan 28 na 20 MG).
Dangane da Index ɗin Vyshkovsky, shugabannin a kasuwar magunguna na Rasha sune Cardiostatin, Mevacor, Holetar da Rovacor.
Feedback akan Lovastatin, duka daga marasa lafiya da kuma daga likitoci, tabbatacce ne. Magungunan ba shi da lafiya kuma yana haƙuri da haƙuri, koda kuwa tare da tsawan dogon lokaci.
Actionswayoyin da ke tattare da rashin lafiyar dyspeptik wani lokaci suna bayyana a farkon farfaɗo. Bayan makonni biyu, lokacin da jiki yayi amfani da tasirin sashin aiki, alamomin su daina. Wani lokaci, matakan ALT da AST suna ƙaruwa, saboda haka ya zama dole don sarrafa abubuwan da suke ciki.
Bayan watanni 1.5 daga farkon far, ana yin gwaji na gaba. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, akwai ingantaccen cigaba a cikin binciken, i.e. rage yawan rage kiba.
Yadda aka rage cholesterol an bayyana shi a cikin bidiyo a wannan labarin.
