Hawan jini matsala ce ga mutane da yawa. A cikin da'irar likita, akwai ƙira na musamman don wannan yanayin - hauhawar jini. Kusan kowa ya ji labarin wannan cutar. Wannan rikicewar mai dorewa yana shafar tsarin zuciya, sakamakon lalacewar tsarin tasoshin jini da cibiyoyinsu.
A pathogenesis na cutar wani take hakkin da sunadarai na asali, tare da dysfunction na koda. Wannan yanayin koyaushe yana haifar da hauhawar jini.
Babban matsin lamba yana lalata tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, kodan da tsokoki na zuciya. Mai haƙuri yana jin amo a cikin kunnuwa, bugun zuciya, bugun zuciya, gajeriyar numfashi, hangen nesa mai rauni da sauran alamomi da yawa.
Babban bayyanar wannan cuta shine hawan jini a koda yaushe. Haɓakawarsa ba ta da alaƙa da halin da ake ciki, ko rashin lafiyar na ɗan lokaci, amma yana raguwa bayan shan magunguna na musamman waɗanda ke rage hawan jini. A cikin yanayin al'ada, a cikin mutum mai lafiya, ƙimar systolic kada ta wuce 140, kuma ƙimar diastolic kada ta wuce 90.
Idan mutum yana da hauhawar jini a kai a kai, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓi ƙwararre don daidaitawa. Mata da maza kusan cutar na cutar daidai da wannan, galibi mutane 40 + ne.
Yawancin lokaci cin zarafin yana shafar matasa, amma mafi yawan lokuta suna cikin mazan. A ƙarƙashin tasirinsa, atherosclerosis yana haɓaka da sauri, kuma yiwuwar faruwar lamarin yana ƙaruwa sosai. Ya kamata a tuna cewa tsarin al'ada na jini a yara da manya gaba daya sun sha bamban. Saboda hauhawar jini, matasa sun fara mutuwa fiye da yadda aka saba. Ainihin, wannan ya faru ne saboda kiran latti zuwa ga likita, ko ma cikakkiyar sakaci ga walwala. Patanatomi ya bambanta nau'ikan hauhawar jini:
- Mahimmanci (na farko) hauhawar jini. Wannan nau'in ya kai kusan kashi 90% na duk cututtukan ƙwayar cuta. Rashin lafiya ne, kuma rashin daidaituwa a tsarin jikin mutum yana haifar da karuwar matsin lamba.
- Symptomatic (sakandare) yana lissafin ragowar yanayin ƙwaƙwalwa. A ƙarƙashin tasirin sa, an gano wata cuta, wacce ake ganin babba ce. Wadannan sun hada da: cututtukan koda
Wadannan matakan suna da bayyanuwa daban-daban, amma sakamakon hakan yayi tsanani. Ziyarar lokaci zuwa likita kwararre zai taimaka wajen hana mutuwa haihuwa. Don fahimtar menene alamun hauhawar jini da kuma wace irin cuta yake bukata don fahimtar tsarin aikinsa.
Cututtukan zuciya mai hauhawar jini na faruwa ne sakamakon karuwar yawan bugun zuciya a minti daya, haka kuma saboda juriyar jijiyoyin jini. Tasirin damuwa yana haifar da ƙetarewar dokar sautin jijiyoyin bugun gini daga gefen cibiyar kwakwalwa. A ƙarshen yanayin arteriole, an kirkiro spasm wanda ke samar da dyscircular da syndromes dyskinetic.
Sirrin neurohormones a ƙarƙashin rinjayar wannan tsari yana ƙaruwa. Ofarar jini da ke yawo a cikin tasoshin yana ƙaruwa saboda aldosterone, wanda ke da hannu a musayar ma'adanai da riƙe ruwa. Karkashin tasirin wannan tsari, mai nuna alamar karfin jiki yana ƙaruwa.
Cutar rashin hauhawar jini yana sanya jini yayi kauri, kuma wannan yana da wahalar canja wurin abubuwan gina jiki da jigilar su, hanyoyin tafiyar jini a cikin kyallen suna zama mai jinkirin. Zai zama ba a sake juyawa, a game da yanayin da ke tattare da katsewar tasoshin da kuma tsananin bango. Sakamakon wannan, atherosclerosis, ko ellastofibrosis, na iya haɓaka nan gaba, sakamakon abin da ƙyallen ke gudana a sakandare na biyu.
A kan wannan yanayin, abubuwan mamaki kamar su myocardial sclerosis, nephroangiosclerosis na farko ya faru. Irin wannan cutar na iya shafar kowane sashin jiki ta hanyoyi daban-daban, duk ya dogara da yanayin cutarwar jiki. Hawan jini ya shafi tasirin zuciya, kwakwalwa da kodan.
Akwai rarrabuwa a hukumance nau'in hauhawar jini. Nau'in ya bambanta dangane da abubuwan al'adu, sanadin rauni, hanya. Eta'idar etiological na rarrabuwa yana samar da kasancewar hauhawar jini na farko da sakandare. Dangane da hanya, zai iya zama da rauni (yana tafiya a hankali a hankali) da kuma mummunar aiki (cikin sauri mai sauri). Akwai tebur na musamman tare da alamun halayen.
Babban rarrabuwa ya haɗa da matakan ƙara nuna alamar Diastolic, wanda ke samin hoton asibiti. Hakanan, dangane da hanya, an rarrabe matakai da yawa na hauhawar jini. Nau'in jiyya da yiwuwar sauƙaƙe yanayin sun dogara da matakin. Wadannan matakai na cutar an rarrabe su:
- Mataki na farko (yana tafiya a hankali). Matsi na iya canzawa, Manuniya ba su da tsayayye. Rikicewar hauhawar jini abu ne mai saurin faruwa tare da jigilar lokaci. Tsarin tsakiya na juyayi da gabobin ciki basu shafi ba tukuna.
- A kashi na biyu, rikicin hauhawar jini ya zama al'ada. Ana lura da canji a cikin kwakwalwa, ventricles na zuciya suna iya yin illa ga lalacewa, abubuwa a cikin jini suna canza al'ada zuwa dabi'u masu mahimmanci.
Mataki na ƙarshe, mataki na uku, ana san shi da ƙaƙƙarfan hanya. A wannan yanayin, haɓakar haɗarin ƙwanƙwasa jini, tsokoki na zuciya suna rauni, tafiyar matakai na haɓaka.
Hawan jini yana faruwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar abubuwa da yawa.
Domin ya bayyana kansa, ana buƙatar cikakkun dalilai waɗanda zasu iya fara aiwatarwa.
Yana faruwa ba zato ba tsammani, kuma idan akwai abubuwanda ake buƙata ya zama sabon abu. Hakanan zai iya faruwa a ƙarƙashin tasiri na yanayi na damuwa, rauni da jijiyoyi.
Wannan cutar ta fi nuna halayyar mutane waɗanda babban aikinta shine aikin tunani, rukuni na 40+. Gaskiya ne wannan yana cikin mutane masu haɗari. Idan mutum yana da akalla abubuwa 2 daga cikin jerin abubuwan haɗari, kuna buƙatar saka idanu akan lafiyarku a hankali.
Sanadin hauhawar jini:
- Tsarin kwayoyin halitta. Kashi uku na duk cututtukan cuta suna da alaƙa da gado.
- Shekaru. Ga maza, lokacin haɗarin yana farawa daga shekaru 35 zuwa 50, kuma ga mata alama ce ta haila.
- Shekaru 50+ na kara samun damar yin rashin lafiya.
- Yanayin wahala. Wannan shine babban dalilin saboda adrenaline, wanda ke tsoratar da haɓaka bugun bugun zuciya, haɓaka matsin lamba.
- Yawan cin gishiri mai yawa. Yawan tsabtace ruwa mai saurin haɓaka saboda sodium, wanda ke riƙe shi a jiki.
- Shan taba yana ba da gudummawa ga jijiyoyin bugun jijiyoyin jiki waɗanda ke tsokanar samuwar filayen atherosclerotic. Su, bi da bi, suna hana hawan jini.
- Almubazzaranci. Idan ana shan giya kullum, alamu suna ƙaruwa koyaushe.
- Rashin haɗarin rashin aiki yana ƙaruwa da 30%.
- Kasancewar nauyin wuce haddi shine babban mai kawo dauki, wanda ke tabbatar da kasancewar wasu dalilai masu alaƙa.
Domin fara jiyya da wuri-wuri, ya kamata ku san irin alamun da zaku iya fuskanta. Cutar tana da alamomi sama da ɗaya. Idan aƙalla ɗayansu ya bayyana, yakamata ka nemi shawarar kwararrun likita kai tsaye. Suna halayyar musamman don hauhawar jini. Babban alamun bayyanar cutar hauhawar jini, masana sun haɗa da tsawan ciwon kai a yankin occipital da kuma a haikalin; m vomiting kasancewar tashin zuciya; raunin gani; amo, maɓallin sauti a cikin kunnuwa, raunin ji na ji; kasancewar karancin numfashi; bugun kirji a koda yaushe; haushi; yawan gajiya; m cutar hawan jini; tashin hankali na bacci; amai da ciwon kai; numbashi na wata gabar jiki.
Wadannan bayyanannan na iya zama basu da alaƙa da hauhawar jini, amma suna nuna matsalolin lafiya daidai.
Sabili da haka, tare da bayyanuwa da yawa, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓar ƙwararren likita wanda zai binciki da kuma tsara ingantaccen magani.
Idan alamun suka bayyana, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓar cibiyar likitanci don ƙwararrun kwararru su tabbatar ko musanta kasancewar cutar.
Da zaran mutum ya aikata wannan, da sauki zai zama mai sauki don warkar da cutar da hana lalacewar jikin mutum.
Gwajin farko yana bayar da gwargwado ga ma'aunin karfin jini a hannaye. Idan mai haƙuri ya tsufa, to, ana auna shi a matsayin tsaye.
Hakanan, binciken yakamata ayi kokarin kafa dalilin cutar sankarau.
Bayyanar cututtuka ya ƙunshi kasancewar:
- tarin tarihin likita;
- SMAD;
- gwajin jini na biochemical;
- urinalysis;
- bincike game da cholesterol;
- X-ray
- echocardiogram;
- duban dan tayi bincike na zuciya da ciki;
- jarrabar kudi;
- electroencephalogram;
- nazarin matakan triglycerides a cikin jini;
- urography;
- aortography;
- CT na kodan da adrenal gland;
Wadannan hanyoyin na iya sanin ko mutum na da cuta. Idan an gano sauran cututtukan cututtukan, ana bincika bayanin hanyoyin canza magani da sababbin hujjoji. Bayan wannan, an ƙaddamar da tsarin kula da magani, wanda ke ba da cikakkun hanyoyin. Hakanan, mai haƙuri zai ɗauki magunguna na musamman waɗanda kwararru suka tsara.
Ba shi da mahimmanci a bincika kanka kuma a kula da ku, saboda hauhawar jini cuta ce mai wahala wanda idan aka kula da shi sosai, zai iya lalata gabobin jiki.
A cikin lura da hauhawar jini, wata muhimmiyar mahimmancin batun ba kawai raguwar hauhawar jini bane, har ma da dawo da duk tsarin jikin mutum.
Bugu da ƙari, muhimmin batun yayin farwa shine rigakafin rikice-rikice iri daban-daban.
Cire cikakkiyar magani ba zai yuwu ba, amma don dakatar da ci gaba da rage tashe-tashen hankula masu hauhawar jini hakika haƙiƙa ne.
Kowane ɗayan matakai na cutar yana buƙatar tsarin haɗin gwiwa, wanda ya haɗa da:
- Yarda da abinci na warkewa na musamman, wanda za'a zaɓa daban daban bisa ga halaye na mai haƙuri.
- Rage nauyi, idan akwai irin wannan buƙatar.
- Dakatar da barasa da shan sigari. Idan ba ku daina ba, to, iyakance adadin.
- Activityara yawan motsa jiki. Yin iyo, hadadden likita na motsa jiki, tafiya zai zama da amfani.
- Shan magunguna da sanya idanu daga likitan zuciya.
Tare da hauhawar jini, an tsara wakilai tare da tasirin hypotensive. An zabi magunguna daban-daban, gwargwadon halayen jikin mutum. Wataƙila, za a sami magunguna sama da ɗaya; maganin zai haɗa da nau'o'in magunguna don kula da ƙoshin lafiya.
Ya kamata a cimma burin uku a cikin jiyya:
- gajere: rage hawan jini;
- na lokacin-matsakaici: rage haɗarin rikice-rikice da sauran cututtuka;
- na dogon lokaci: rigakafin cututtukan rayuwa tsawon rai; hauhawar jini.
Abin da sakamakon hauhawar jini zai kasance yana faruwa ne ta hanyar matakan da rikice-rikice. Bayan mataki na 1, tsinkayen ya fi sanyaya rai. Tare da mataki na 3 tare da hanya mai ƙarfi da rikitarwa, akwai haɗarin haɗarin fuskantar rikice-rikice da karuwar adadin rikicewar hauhawar jini.
Babban batun shine rigakafin: na farko da na sakandare. Primary ya hada da warwatse yiwuwar abubuwan haɗari daga rayuwa. Wannan zai taimaka da kariya daga bayyanar gwargwadon iko. Adswararrun jiki, ƙi daga halaye mara kyau, halaye masu kyau, ƙaddamar da tunani zai zama da amfani. Hakanan kuna buƙatar yin gwaje-gwaje ta hanyar hankali, ko aƙalla kula da hawan jini a kai a kai. Ana iya yin wannan duka a asibiti da a gida ta amfani da tanometer. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa ana iya hana cutar ta kansa.
Idan akwai tsararren kwayoyin halitta, lallai ne ya zama cewa abubuwan da ke tattare da hadarin waje basa kasancewa kwata-kwata.
Rashin abinci mai gina jiki na iya zama ɗayan abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar. Zai iya zama yanke hukunci a hade tare da sauran masu kutsawa cikin tasiri.
Abinci mai yawa yana haifar da ƙoshin kishi, mai haƙuri yana shan abin da ya saba.
Rashin ruwa mai yawa yana tilasta tsarin zuciya.
Irin wannan nauyin yana ɗaukar shi sosai, wanda ke haifar da karuwa a cikin matsin lamba. Dogon tasiri na aiwatarwa na iya haifar da hauhawar jini.
Mutanen da ke fama da cutar hawan jini suna buƙatar canza al'adun cin abincinsu.
Abubuwan da suke haifar da cutar hawan jini da hawan jini.
- nau'in cuku mai yaji;
- kayan yaji;
- abincin gwangwani;
- gishiri mai yawa;
- nama mai kitse;
- kyafaffen samfura;
- sausages;
- qwai
- soda;
- kowane nau'in giya;
- karfi da kofi da shayi;
- soyayyen abinci.
Su za a iya maye gurbinsu da stewed Boiled, kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Irin wannan maye zai sau da yawa rage haɗarin hauhawar jini. Duk da cewa abinci mai gina jiki ba abu bane mai yanke hukunci, idan har yanzu akwai abubuwan da za a iya kamuwa da cutar, to ya cancanci daidaita salon rayuwa.
Sabili da haka, bin madaidaicin abinci mai mahimmanci yana da mahimmanci ba kawai a lokacin jiyya ba, har ma don hana cutar cututtukan zuciya.
A lokacin jiyya, ban da shan kwayoyi na musamman, kuna buƙatar bin abincin.
Abincin abinci don hauhawar jini ya ƙunshi nadin Table 10.
Abincin na musamman ne kuma yana ba da tsari na musamman.
Wajibi ne a ci abincin teku, a iyakance adadin gishiri da ake amfani da shi, a ci sau da yawa, amma a cikin ƙananan rabo. Carbohydrates da kitsen dabbobi ya kamata a iyakance.
Hakanan, ana buƙatar cire wasu abinci daga abincin. Suna tsoratar da faruwar cutar, kuma suna wahalar da tsarin kulawa. Idan ka ci gaba da amfani da su, sakamakon maganin ba zai yiyu ba. Waɗannan samfuran sun haɗa da:
- sukari
- dankali
- burodi
- Taliya
- kitsen dabbobi; ghee;
- qwai
- hatsi daga hatsi;
- kirim mai tsami.
Ya kamata a lura da wannan abincin na dogon lokaci. A ba da shawara a ƙarshen lokacin warkewa. Domin abinci mai gina jiki ya zama cikakke, dole ne a maye gurbin samfuran cutarwa. Tabbatar yin amfani da prunes; zuma; vinegar lemun tsami cranberries. Zaku iya sarrafa abincin tare da matsawar da sukari ba tare da sukari ba.
Waɗannan samfuran zasu taimaka wajen haɓaka abincin da hanzarin hanin warkarwa.
Mene ne hauhawar jini zai gaya wa gwani a cikin bidiyo a wannan labarin.
