Atherosclerosis na ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin ƙwaƙwalwa na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa shine mafi yawan dalilin bugun jini. Sanannen abu ne cewa haɗarin cutar ya dogara da launi na fata, Turawa ba su da saurin kamuwa da cuta fiye da wakilan theasashen Asiya da na Negroid.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da cin zarafi sune kasancewar kashin wurare na atherosclerotic a bakin karamin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin wuya, rashin lafiyar arterio-arterial embolism, hauhawar jijiyar kwakwalwa. Mitar ta komawa ta faru ne ta hanyar rasa karfin tabbatar da guduwar jinin al'ada.
Pathology yana haifar da matsala damuwa a cikin kwakwalwa, yayi kama da canje-canje na atherosclerotic a cikin jijiya. Barazanar tana haɗuwa da kumburi a cikin abin da ya faru, ci gaba da lalata lalatattun filayen atherosclerotic.
A cikin tsananin, cutar tana cikin wuri na biyu bayan atherosclerosis na jijiyoyin zuciya. Alamomin cutar ita ce:
- ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya;
- rage aikin kwakwalwa;
- gajiya yana ƙaruwa.
Marasa lafiya rasa kwanciyar hankali, matsin lamba na intracranial ya tashi, matsanancin ciwon kai yana farawa, musamman lokacin motsawa daga kwance zuwa matsayi na tsaye. Marasa lafiya suna da raunin hankali, rashin jin daɗi a cikin kashin mahaifa.
Hanyoyi don gano cutar sankara
Don ganewar asali na atherosclerosis na ƙwayoyin intracranial arteries, gwajin duban dan tayi, hoton magnetic resonance, ƙididdigar tomography, ana buƙatar rage angiography na dijital. Standardarancin zinare na asali shine ainihin hanyar ƙarshe, amma a lokaci guda yana da haɗari, yana buƙatar ƙaddamar da matsakaici matsakaici. Hakanan yana bayar da damar haɗarin raunin ƙwayar cuta mai ɗorewa.
Dangane da daidaitattun hanyoyin da ba sa buƙatar amfani da kayan aikin likita da na’urorin likita, bayanin ba ya wanzu. Tun da gani na lumen ya dogara da kwararar jini, tsananin lalacewar raunukan jijiyoyin jiki za'a iya gurbata su.
Don ware lalacewar bututun ciki, ana amfani da kwayar cutar transcranial, ana amfani da MRI, amma ba abin dogaro da kai don gano kasancewar ƙwayar cutarwar da kuma daidaita ƙarfin sa. Dopplerography yana ba da ra'ayi na yanayin tasoshin haɗin gwiwa, yana taimakawa wajen tantance aikin farfadowa na ƙwaƙwalwa.
Hanya ta gargajiya ta gano cuta ita ce kawai a tsayar da tsananin tsananin karsashin jijiyoyin wuya.
Sabili da haka, akwai wasu hasara da yawa, da farko rashin yiwuwar ganowa:
- tsarin ilimin tarihi na plaque;
- digiri na rashin kwanciyar hankali;
- sauran Sanadin Stenosis.
A halin yanzu, hoton magnetic resonance, gwajin duban dan tayi kwalliya sun sami mahimmanci na musamman. Hanyoyin fasaha suna taimakawa yin nazari kan cutar sosai daki-daki. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman a farkon matakan cutar, lokacin da ƙwayar jijiyoyin jiki ke ɗan shafa kaɗan.
MRI yana taimakawa don hango zane na jini, ganin yadda yake a cikin ƙasa, tsaida abun da ya faru, kasancewar basur, matakin aiki na neoplasm. Binciken Intravascular shima ya bayyana zubar jini a cikin wani plaque, yanayin sa, gwargwadon sa. Hanyoyin fasahar suna ba da zarafi don yin tasiri ga haɗari da dabaru na lura da atherosclerosis na ƙwayoyin hanji.
Hanyoyin bincike na ci gaba suna da mahimmanci musamman ga bugun jini da rashin lahani ga ƙwayoyin hanji, idan ba za a iya gano yanayin filayen ba saboda hanyoyin bincike na gargajiya.
Clinical bayyanar cututtuka
Don ganewar asali, alamun gida na cutar suna da matukar mahimmanci. Idan mutum yana da atherosclerosis na bututunda ke shigowa da medulla oblongata, to ya samu ciwan numfashi Cheyne-Stokes. Tare da tsawanta lalacewar cibiyar numfashi, cyanosis, ana iya juyawar jijiyoyin tsokoki ta fuskar. Rashin magana, makanta, kurame, gurguwar hannu shima hakan yana yiwuwa.
Farkon bayyanar cututtuka na faruwa ne sanadiyyar yaduwar ƙwayar jijiyoyin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, tare da kullun hali, ƙwayar lumen ta rufe, da kuma abubuwan da ke cikin jijiya suna taushi a mataki na gaba na cutar.
Tare da iskancin ƙwayar jijiya, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ta mutu. Tare da katse bangon of arteries, basur a cikin nama ne bincikar lafiya. Thrombosis yana haifar da take hakkin aikin kwakwalwa, bashin hanzari. Lalacewa cibiyoyi masu mahimmanci na haifar da mutuwa. Yakamata a kula da marassa lafiyar ta hanyar likitan kwakwalwa da kuma masu tabin hankali.
Alamun haɗari na atherosclerosis na artro intracranial sune:
- harin ischemic na farko;
- hauhawar jini
- bugun jini.
Stenosis na tsakiyar jijiya yana ba da infarction lacunar, ischemia a cikin yankin da ke kusa da samar da jini. Stenosis na babba carotid artery an nuna shi ta hanyar foci mai ƙarfi, abu mai launin toka shima yana da hannu a cikin tsarin cututtukan cuta. A wannan yanayin, gazawar jijiyoyin jiki ya zama mafi bayyane tare da stenosis na jijiyar jijiya.
Baya ga raunin azanci da raunin motsi a cikin raunuka na ƙwayar caudate, abu mai launin toka ko thalamus, mai ciwon sukari na iya samun raunin hankali. Suna haɓaka ba tare da bugun zuciya ba sakamakon raguwar ƙanshin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa.Haka ba a cire hanyar asymptomatic na cutar, wanda idan cutar ta haifar da kanta kawai sai bayan abubuwan da yawa.
Atherosclerosis na ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin zuciya suna iya:
- zuwa ci gaba;
- don daidaitawa;
- don yin regress.
Idan babu bayyanar cututtuka, ana ganin sakamakon cutar ya zama abin alfahari. Tare da shimfidar wurare na tsakiyar jijiyar ƙwayar cuta, ana annabta ƙarfin aiki mai kyau. Neoplasms ana kiransu, ana nuna shi ta hanyar yiwuwar rashin ƙarfi na rashin ƙarfi a cikin hanji. Yayin binciken, likitocin sun gano bambance-bambance tsakanin tafarkin stenosis da karkarwa.
Bayan kafa tsarin bugun jini na farko, likita na iya hango ko hasashen hanyoyin maimaita cutar.
Yawanci, ana gano raunuka na atherosclerotic a cikin tsakiyar jijiyar jijiya da jijiyoyin carotid na ciki.
Jiyya da Rigakafin
Jiyya na atherosclerosis na ƙwayoyin mahaifa suna ba da kariya ga sake dawowa daga cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki.
Saboda waɗannan dalilai, kulawa na yau da kullun na matakan hawan jini, daidaitattun alamu waɗanda ke nuna abu mai kama da mai. Ana aiwatar da rikicewar rikicewar ragowar abubuwan haɗari: asarar nauyi, ƙara yawan aiki na jiki, ƙin halaye mara kyau, kiyaye glycemia na al'ada. Bugu da ƙari, za a buƙaci maganin antithrombotic.
Monotherapy tare da wakilai na antiplatelet an fi son su, don rigakafin sake dawo da bugun jini a farkon matakai, an nuna alamar maganin antiplatelet ninki biyu. Shan magunguna hade da gyara mai karfi game da abubuwanda ke haifar da matsala.
Na dogon lokaci, an yi ƙoƙarin yin aikin tiyata na atherosclerotic stenosis na tasirin intracranial, sakamakon cutar. Farkon binciken da aka yi amfani dashi shine aikace-aikacen ƙarin ƙwayar cuta cikin ciki. Koyaya, a wannan lokacin ba a amfani da hanyar sosai.
Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da ƙarin hanyoyin magani na zamani:
- tsaka-tsaki na wucin gadi ta amfani da angioplasty balloon tare da stenting;
- balloon angioplasty.
Shigowar tiyata koyaushe yana ba da sakamako mai kyau, suttura ya dace don shigar. Bugu da ƙari, a wasu halaye, ana ba da fifiko ga maganin ƙwaƙwalwa.
A cikin asymptomatic atherosclerosis, rigakafin farko na ischemia na cerebral ya kamata a aiwatar, la'akari da abubuwan haɗari. Tunda akwai yiwuwar ci gaban cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan atherosclerotic, ya zama dole a sanya ido a kan yanayin yanayin aƙalla sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru biyu.
Stenosis na intracranial arteries yaci gaba da tushen dysregulation na kwararar jini, samuwar bangarorin karancin turare. Irin waɗannan marasa lafiya suna buƙatar rubuta magunguna tare da tasirin:
- neurotrophic;
- antihypoxic;
- na rayuwa.
Actovegin yana da waɗannan kaddarorin, yana da ingantaccen tsarin kare lafiya.
Nazarin sun nuna kyakkyawan ingancin Actovegin yayin kulawa da tsofaffi marasa lafiya tare da laulayi mai laushi zuwa matsakaici, gami da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki. Kulawa yana haɗuwa da babban ci gaba a cikin halayen halayen, sakamakon binciken neuropsychological.
Actovegin ya shafi tasiri sosai, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, inganta matsayin psychoemotional na masu ciwon sukari, kuma yana hana ci gaban rikitarwa na atherosclerosis. Yana yiwuwa a rage tsananin zafin asthenic, alamun rashin damuwa, inganta bacci, jin daɗin rayuwa gaba ɗaya.
Sakamakon Endoterioprotective, ingantaccen sakamako akan microcirculation shima an tabbatar dashi akai-akai. Hada magunguna a cikin tsarin kulawa don marasa lafiya tare da atherosclerosis intracranial, tare da matakan kariya, yana taimakawa kawar da gazawar jini a cikin kwakwalwa da kuma inganta yanayin mai haƙuri.
Kamar yadda kake gani, atherosclerosis na ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin ƙwayar mahaifa babban haɗari ne ga haɓakar rikice rikicewar jini, yana ba da kyakkyawar hanya don ganewar asali da aikin likita. Godiya ga ci gaba a cikin binciken cutar da hanyoyin bincikensa, mutum na iya dogaro da ingantaccen kuzarin aikin hanyoyin cutar.
An tattauna hanyoyin maganin Atherosclerosis a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.
