Rashin maganin ciwon sukari: matakai, alamu da magani

Maganin ciwon sukari - lalacewar tasoshin fatar ido. Wannan mummunan ciwo ne mai rikitarwa sosai wanda ke haifar da ciwon sukari, wanda zai haifar da makanta. Ana lura da rikicewar hangen nesa a cikin 85% na marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 tare da ƙwarewar shekaru 20 ko fiye. Lokacin da aka gano nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 a cikin mutanen tsakiyar da tsufa, to a cikin fiye da 50% na lokuta, nan da nan suna gano lalacewar tasoshin da ke ba da jini ga idanu. Rikicewar cutar sankarau shine sanadiyyar sanadiyyar sabbin cututtukan makanta tsakanin tsofaffi masu shekaru 20 zuwa 74. Koyaya, idan ana bincika ku akai-akai ta likitan likitanci kuma an kula da ku sosai, to tare da babban yuwuwar zaku iya samun hangen nesa.

A ƙarshen ƙarshen, matsalolin retinal suna barazanar ɓacewar hangen nesa gabaɗaya. Saboda haka, marasa lafiya da proliferative m retinopathy sau da yawa rubũta Laser coagulation. Wannan magani ne wanda zai iya jinkirta farawar makanta na dogon lokaci. Har ma mafi girma% na masu ciwon sukari suna da alamun ma'amala a farkon matakin. A wannan lokacin, cutar ba ta haifar da rauni na gani kuma ana gano shi ne kawai lokacin da likitan likitan ido ya bincika shi.

A halin yanzu, tsawon rayuwar marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari 2 suna ƙaruwa saboda mace-mace sakamakon cututtukan zuciya suna raguwa. Wannan yana nufin cewa mutane da yawa zasu sami lokaci don haɓaka maganin cututtukan zuciya. Bugu da kari, sauran rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari, musamman ma ciwon sukari da cutar koda, yawanci suna haɗuwa da matsalolin ido.

Sanadin matsalolin ido da ciwon sukari

Ba a tabbatar da ainihin hanyoyin da ke ci gaban cututtukan cututtukan masu ciwon sukari ba. A halin yanzu, masana kimiyya suna binciken abubuwa daban-daban. Amma ga marasa lafiya, wannan ba mahimmanci bane. Babban abu shine cewa an riga an san abubuwan haɗarin da kyau, kuma zaka iya ɗaukarsu a ƙarƙashin kulawa.

Yiwuwar fuskantar matsalolin ido da ciwon sukari na ƙaruwa cikin sauri idan kun:

• najasa glucose jini
• hawan jini (hauhawar jini);
• shan taba
• cutar koda
• ciki
• kwayoyin halittar jini;
• Hadarin cututtukan zuciya na karuwa da tsufa.

Babban abubuwan da ke tattare da hadarin sune sukari da hawan jini. Sune gab da dukkan sauran abubuwa akan jerin. Ciki har da wadanda marasa lafiya ba za su iya sarrafawa ba, wato, tsarancinsu, shekarunsu da tsawon lokacin ciwon suga.

Mai zuwa yana bayani a cikin yaren fahimta game da abin da ke faruwa da masu ciwon sukari. Kwararru za su ce wannan ma fassara ce mai sauki, amma ga marasa lafiya ya isa. Don haka, ƙananan tasoshin da jini ke gudana zuwa idanun suna lalacewa saboda karuwar sukarin jini, hauhawar jini da shan sigari. Isar da oxygen da abinci mai gina jiki yana raguwa. Amma retina yana cinye yawancin oxygen da glucose a kowace raka'a na nauyi fiye da kowane ƙoshin halittar jiki. Saboda haka, yana da matukar damuwa ga wadatar jini.

Dangane da matsananciyar rashin kyallen takarda, jikin yana yin sabon sikeli don dawo da zubar jini zuwa idanun. Yaduwa shine yaduwar sababbin kayan maye. Farkon, ba mai yaduwa ba, mataki na masu ciwon sukari yana nufin cewa wannan tsari bai fara ba. A wannan lokacin, ganuwar ƙananan ƙananan jini kawai ta rushe. Ana kiran wannan lalata microaneurysms. Daga cikinsu wani lokacin jini da ruwa mai gudana zuwa cikin retina. Fibbar mara jijiyoyi a cikin retina na iya fara yin zagi kuma sashen tsakiyar retina (macula) shima zai iya fara yin yawa. Ana kiran wannan da ma'anar edema.

Proliferative mataki na ciwon sukari retinopathy - yana nufin cewa yaduwar sabbin jiragen ruwa ya fara, don maye gurbin waɗanda aka lalata. Abun jini na yau da kullun yana girma a cikin retina, kuma wani lokacin sabbin jiragen ruwa na iya girma har a cikin fitsarin jiki - wani abu kamar jelly-kamar fili wanda yake cika tsakiyar ido. Abin baƙin ciki, sabbin jiragen ruwa da suke haɓaka ba su da aiki. Ganuwar su na da rauni sosai, kuma saboda wannan, basur na faruwa sau da yawa. Kwayoyin jini suna tarawa, siffofin ƙwayar cuta mai fibrous, i.e. scars a fannin zubar jini.

Retina zai iya shimfiɗa da tsallakewa daga bayan ido, wannan ana kiransa kinsar retinal. Idan sabbin jijiyoyin jini suna kawo cikas ga magudanan ruwa na al'ada daga ido, to kuwa matsa lamba a ƙwallon ido na iya ƙaruwa. Wannan bi da bi yana haifar da lalacewar jijiya na gani, wanda ke ɗaukar hotuna daga idanunku zuwa kwakwalwa. Kawai a wannan matakin mai haƙuri yana da gunaguni game da wahayi mai gani, hangen nesa mara kyau, murdiya abubuwa, da sauransu.

Idan ka runtse sukarin jininka, sannan ka tsayar da shi bisa al'ada ka kuma kula domin kada karfin jininka ya wuce Hg 130/80 mm. Art., To, haɗarin ba wai kawai maganin retinopathy ba, har ma duk sauran rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari an rage shi. Wannan ya kamata ya ƙarfafa marasa lafiya suyi matakan aminci da aminci.

Matsayi na ciwon sukari

Don fahimtar yadda matakan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan sukari suka bambanta kuma me yasa alamunta ke faruwa, kuna buƙatar fahimtar kaɗan abin da ɓangaren idanun mutum ya ƙunshi da kuma yadda yake aiki.

Don haka, haskoki masu haske suna fada a cikin ido. Bayan haka, suna rushewa a cikin ruwan tabarau kuma suna mai da hankali akan tantanin ido. Retina shine rufin ciki ido wanda ya qunshe sel selre. Wadannan sel suna samar da canjin hasken lantarki zuwa abubuwan motsawar jijiyoyi, da kuma aikin su na farko. A kan retina, ana tattara hoto kuma a watsa shi zuwa jijiya na gani, kuma ta hanyar zuwa kwakwalwa.

A m abu ne bayyananne abu tsakanin ruwan tabarau da retina. Abubuwan da aka sanya idanu a haɗe suke a cikin ido, wanda ke tabbatar da motsin ta a duk bangarori A cikin retina akwai fage na musamman wanda ruwan tabarau ke buɗe haske. Ana kiranta macula, kuma wannan yanki yana da mahimmanci musamman don tattaunawa game da cututtukan cututtukan masu ciwon sukari.

Tsarin cututtukan fata na masu ciwon sukari:

1. matakin farko wanda baya haɓakawa;
2. karin kuzari;
3. yaduwa;
4. mataki na karshe canje-canje a cikin retina (m).

A cikin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, ana amfani da jijiyoyin jini da ke ciyar da retina. Mafi ƙarancin su - capillaries - wahala da farko, a farkon matakin cutar. Thearfin ganuwar su yana ƙaruwa, basur na faruwa. Harshen fata na ciki ke tasowa.

A mataki na gama gari, akwai ƙarin canje-canje a cikin retina. Lokacin da kwararrun likitan likitan dabbobi suka duba, akwai alamomin cututtukan cututtukan jini da yawa, tarin ruwa, bangarorin ischemic, wato, wanda jini ke fama da rauni kuma suna “fama da yunwa” da “shayarwa”. Tuni a wannan lokacin, tsari yana ɗaukar yankin na macula, kuma mai haƙuri ya fara gunaguni game da karuwar ƙwayar gani.

Matsayi na farfadowa daga cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya - yana nufin cewa sababbin tasoshin jini sun fara girma, suna ƙoƙarin maye gurbin waɗanda suka lalace. Yaduwa shine yaduwar nama ta hanyar haɓakar sel. Jirgin jini yana haɓaka, musamman, a cikin jikin mara lafiyar. Abin baƙin ciki, sabbin jiragen ruwa da aka kirkira suna da rauni sosai, kuma basur na dagawa yakan faru sau da yawa sau da yawa.

A matakin karshe, hangen nesa wani lokaci yana toshe mata basur. Andarin yawa da ƙwayar cuta na jini, kuma saboda su retina na iya shimfiɗawa, har zuwa ƙi (exfoliation). Cikakkiyar asarar hangen nesa tana faruwa lokacin da ruwan tabarau bazai iya sake kunna haske ba akan macula.

Bayyanar cututtuka da kuma gwaje-gwaje don matsalolin hangen nesa na masu ciwon sukari

Bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata suna raguwa a yanayin gani ko cikakkiyar asara. Suna tasowa ne kawai lokacin da tsari ya riga ya yi nisa. Amma da zaran ka fara jinya, zai yuwu muddin ka iya hangen nesa. Sabili da haka, tare da ciwon sukari, yana da matukar muhimmanci a bincika tare da likitan mahaifa a kalla 1 lokaci a shekara, kuma zai fi dacewa 1 lokaci cikin watanni 6.

Zai fi kyau cewa likitan mahaifa tare da gogewa a cikin ganewar asali da kuma maganin cututtukan cututtukan ciwon sukari suna aiki tare da ku. Ya kamata a nemi irin waɗannan likitocin a cibiyoyin likita na musamman don masu ciwon sukari.

Magungunan likitan dabbobi game da maganin cutar sankara:

1. Yi nazarin ƙyallen ido da ƙwallon ido.
2. Yi visiometry.
3. Bincika matakin matsin lamba na ciki - an ƙaddara 1 lokaci ɗaya a cikin shekara a cikin marasa lafiya tare da tsawon lokacin ciwon sukari shekaru 10 ko fiye.
4. Kwayar halitta na ido na ido.

Idan matakin ƙwayar ciki ya ba da damar, to ya kamata a ƙara ƙarin nazarin bayan fadada ɗalibin:

1. Biomicroscopy na ruwan tabarau da walwala mai girman kai ta amfani da fitila mai tsagewa.
2. Komawa da kai tsaye ophthalmoscopy - kai tsaye daga tsakiya zuwa matsanancin rikice-rikice, a cikin duk meridians.
3. Cikakken bincike na optic Disc da yankin macular.
4. Gwajewar jikin vitreous da retina ta amfani da fitilar tsintsiya ta amfani da ruwan tabarau na Goldman mai madubi.
5. Hoto hoton kuɗi ta amfani da kyamarar kuɗi ta kamara ko kyamarar mydriatic.
6. Yi rikodin bayanan da aka karɓa kuma a adana shi ta hanyar lantarki.

Hanyoyin da suka fi dacewa don bincika cututtukan ciwon sukari sune daukar hoto na sitiriyo da kimiya da angiography.

Ciwon sukari na Rashin Ciwon Jiki

Muna bin diddigin labarai yadda yakamata a fagen maganin cututtukan cututtukan da ke haifar da cutar sikila. Bayani game da sababbin jiyya na iya bayyana kowace rana. Kuna son sanin labarai masu mahimmanci kai tsaye? Yi rajista don wasiƙarmu ta e-mail.

Matakan ganewar asali da magani:

Kulawa da cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata sun ƙunshi waɗannan ayyukan:

• Coagulation na Laser (na kusa dashi) na retina.
• Injections a cikin kogon ido - gabatarwar anti-VEGF (kwayar jijiyoyin bugun jini na jijiyoyin jini) - mai hana mahaifa tashin hankali na jijiyoyin bugun zuciya. Wannan magani ne da ake kira ranibizumab. An fara amfani da hanyar ne a cikin 2012, lokacin da aka kammala gwaje-gwaje wadanda suka tabbatar da ingancin maganin. Likitan likitan ido na iya yin allurar wadannan injections hade da coagulation na laser na retina ko daban.
• Vitrectomy tare da endolasercoagulation - idan hanyoyin da aka lissafa a sama sun taimaka sosai.

Mahimmanci! A yau, bincike ya tabbatar da hujjar cewa babu wani amfani ga maganin na jijiyoyin jiki, kamar magungunan antioxidants, enzymes, da bitamin. Ba a daɗaɗa shirye-shirye kamar caviton, trental, dicinone. Suna kawai ƙara haɗarin sakamako masu illa, kuma basu da tasiri mai kyau akan matsalolin ido a cikin ciwon sukari.

Lascococolation na laser da vitrectomy

Lascococolation Laser manufa ce mai “tsiro ƙasa” na retina don dakatar da haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin jini. Wannan magani ne mai inganci don maganin ciwon sukari. Idan ana yin coagulation na laser akan lokaci da kuma daidai, to wannan na iya tsayar da tsari a cikin 80-85% na shari'oin a cikin preproliferative kuma a cikin 50-55% na lokuta a cikin matakan farfadowa na retinopathy.

Karkashin tasirin coagulation na laser, “ƙarin” jijiyoyin jini na retina suna da zafi, kuma coagulates jini a cikinsu. Bayan haka, tasoshin da aka kula da su sun cika da nama mai fibrous. Wannan hanyar kulawa tana ba da damar adana hangen nesa a ƙarshen ƙarshen ciwon sikila a cikin kashi 60% na marasa lafiya na shekaru 10-12. Ya kamata mai haƙuri ya tattauna wannan hanyar daki-daki tare da likitan likitan ido.

Photocoagulator na Lasif Ombhalmic

Bayan coagulation na farko, yana da matukar muhimmanci a sha gwaje gwaje na gaba daga likitan likitan ido kuma, idan ya cancanta, ƙarin zaman gwajin laser. Yawancin lokaci likita yakan ba da umarnin farko bayan wata 1, kuma gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa kowane watanni 1-3, dangane da alamuran mutum na mai haƙuri.

Ana iya tsammanin cewa bayan coagulation na laser, hangen nesa na mai haƙuri zai dan dan yi rauni sosai, girman filin sa zai ragu, kuma hangen nesa na dare zai yi rauni. Sannan lamarin ya dau lokaci mai tsawo. Koyaya, rikitarwa mai yiwuwa ne - maimaita zubarda jini a cikin jiki, wanda zai iya zama mara amfani gaba daya.

A wannan yanayin, ana iya tsara mai haƙuri ta hanyar maganin ƙwayar cuta. Wannan aikin ne wanda ake yi a karkashin maganin sa barci na gaba daya. Ya ƙunshi yankan jijiyoyin na retina, cire jikin mara ƙyallen fata tare da maye gurbinsa da ingantaccen bayani. Idan kin amincewa baya faruwa, to sai a mayar da shi inda yake. Kwayoyin cuta da suka taso bayan an kuma cire su daga cututtukan jini na jini. Bayan vitrectomy, an sake dawo da hangen nesa a cikin 80-90% na marasa lafiya. Amma idan akwai yiwuwar kin yarda da abu, to akwai yuwuwar samun nasara yayi kasa. Ya dogara da tsawon lokacin kin amincewa da kuma aƙalla 50-60%.

Idan mai haƙuri ya kamu da cutar haemoglobin> 10% kuma ana bincika ƙwayar cuta mai ƙwaƙwalwa ko ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, to ana bayar da umarnin coagulation laser nan da nan, ba tare da jiran menene sakamakon zai kasance daga ƙoƙarin sarrafa sukari na jini ba. Domin a yanayin da aka ci gaba, hadarin makanta ya yi yawa. A cikin irin waɗannan marasa lafiya, ya kamata a saukar da sukari a hankali kuma kawai bayan an gama gudanar da aikin laser coagulation sosai.

Alamu don maganin ciwan jiki:

• Maganin zubarda ciki mai zurfi, wanda baya warwarewa sama da watanni 4-6.
• Komawa daga aikin cirewa.
• Sanya canje-canje na fibrous a cikin jiki na vitreous.

Rashin maganin ciwon sukari: binciken

Tare da burin maganin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa, ba ma'ana yanzu don ɗaukar kowane magani na jijiyoyin jiki. Hanyar mafi inganci ita ce rage yawan sukari na jini tare da tsayar da kyawawan dabi'unsa. Hanya mafi kyau don cimma wannan ita ce cin ƙarancin carbohydrates, tare da mai da hankali ga abinci mai wadataccen furotin a cikin ƙoshin lafiya.

Muna ba da shawara ga labaranku:

• Hanya mafi kyau don rage yawan sukari na jini da kiyaye ta al'ada;
• Insulin da carbohydrates: gaskiya ya kamata ku sani.

Muna fatan wannan shafin maganin ciwon sukari ya taimaka wa marasa lafiya. Babban abu shine ziyartar likitan likitan ido a kai a kai. Wajibi ne a jarraba jarrabawar jari tare da fadada ɗalibin a cikin ɗakin duhu, tare da auna matsa lamba na ciki.

Sau nawa kake buƙatar ziyartar ophthalmologist tare da mai ciwon sukari?

Adana hangen nesa tare da ciwon sukari haƙiƙa ne!

Tabbatar ka sayi mai lura da karfin jini da auna karfin karfin jini sau daya a mako, da maraice. Idan kana da shi ya karu - nemi shawara tare da gogaggen likita yadda za a tsara shi.Muna da cikakken bayani kuma mai amfani, "Rashin hauhawar jini a cikin Ciwon sukari." Idan ba a kula da cutar hawan jini ba, to matsalolin hangen nesa suna kusa da kusurwa ne ... kuma bugun zuciya ko bugun jini na iya faruwa ko da farko.