Rashin gajiya da ciwon sukari a matsayin sanadin faruwar sa
Ana kiran canje-canje na ƙwaƙwalwa cikin tsari da kuma aiki da kodan a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus mai ciwon sukari nephropathy. Mataki na karshe na wannan rikicewar shine na gazawar - Laifi mai girma na nitrogen, ruwa-gishiri, electrolyte da acid-base metabolism, wanda ke sanya yiwuwar aiki na yau da kullun na jikin gabobin jikin mutum.
Raunuka na faruwa a cikin kusan 30-40% na marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in cuta ta 1 da 10% tare da nau'in cuta na 2. A bangare guda, sakamakonsu ne da ke tattare da cutar sankarau da ke fama da cutar sankarau - wani rikicewar cutar sankara wanda ke shafar tsarin jijiyoyin jini, gami da tsarin tantancewar kodan. Ganuwar jijiyoyin jini sun lalace, narkewar lumen su, jini ya hau tashi.
A gefe guda, rikicewar kitse, furotin da metabolism metabolism wanda ke haifar da ciwon sukari yana haifar da karuwa sosai a cikin wurare dabam dabam da keɓancewa da waɗannan abubuwan mahadi ta hanyar kayan aiki, wanda kawai ba zai iya tsayayya da irin wannan nauyin ba kuma ya fara lalacewa.
Akwai kuma wata hanyar da aka ba da shawara don ci gaban cututtukan koda a cikin ciwon sukari. Laifi mai girma a cikin tsari da aikin kodan na iya faruwa sakamakon raunin ƙwayoyin halittar mai haƙuri, kuma ciwon sukari shine kawai don ci gaba da wannan tsari. Wannan hypothesis an tabbatar dashi kai tsaye ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa nephropathy tare da gazawar na yara mai haɓaka baya ci gaba a cikin duk masu ciwon sukari.
Rarrabawa
Rashin gazawa ya kasu kashi biyu kuma mai na kullum.
- M nau'iA matsayinka na mai mulkin, yana tasowa cikin dan kankanin lokaci sakamakon mummunan guba, ƙonewa ko sanyi na babban farfaɗo na jiki, ƙonewa mai yawa na yanayi daban-daban (sake matsanancin gudawa, gudawa), matse hanjin urinary (tare da urolithiasis, ciwace-ciwace), lalacewar injin ƙodan, wasu cututtuka da m cututtuka na na koda na'urar (pyelonephritis, nephritis). Duk da babban haɗari da barazanar rayuwa, wannan nau'in galibi ba'a san shi ta hanyar lalacewa ta lalacewar gabobin excretion ba, kuma dangane da isasshen magani, bayan wani lokaci, cikakken murmurewa yana faruwa.
- Ciwon sukari na faruwa na kullum form halin da dogon hanya (shekaru da dubun shekaru), sannu-sannu kara bayyanar cututtuka da kuma ci gaban da ba a iya warwarewa lalacewar ginin koda. Sakamakon haka, ba a share jini daga kayayyakin abinci masu guba da ke faruwa ba uremia - a jihar auto-guba, barazanar mutuwa. A cikin matakai na gaba, rayuwar mai haƙuri yana da goyan bayan kawai maganin hemodialysis ko hanyoyin diyya, kuma ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar koda ce kawai zai iya ceton yanayin.
Kwayar cutar
Lalacewar koda a cikin ciwon sukari yana da fasalin mara dadi: a farkon matakan, cutar ba ta dame mai haƙuri ba. Sai dai idan adadin urination yana ƙaruwa, amma wannan halayen ne ga masu ciwon sukari gabaɗaya kuma baya haifar da mai haƙuri yin ƙararrawa. Lokacin da alamun farko na asibiti suka fara bayyana, cutar ta tafi da nisa kuma magani ya haɗa da matsaloli da yawa. Bayyanar bayyanar kasawar koda da uremia suna da yawa:
- rauni na gaba daya, adynamia, dizziness;
- fata mai ƙyalli;
- raguwa, ƙasa da sauƙin ƙaruwa a yawan zafin jiki ba ga wani dalili na fili ba;
- oliguria - raguwar adadin fitsari da aka ware, yana maye gurbin polyuria (karuwar fitowar fitsari);
- bayyanar cutar rashin jini - pallor na fata, ƙarancin numfashi, tinnitus, da sauransu.;
- dyspepsia matsala ce ta ciki;
- hauhawar jini - hauhawar hauhawar jini;
- haɓakar edema;
- azotemia - tarin a cikin jini mai guba da samfurori na metabolism na nitrogen (urea, ammonia, creatinine, da dai sauransu), bayyanuwar waje wanda zai iya zama ƙanshi na ammoniya a cikin iska mai iska;
- rikice-rikice daban-daban na tsinkaye da tsarin juyayi na tsakiya (abin mamaki na ƙonewa a cikin gabar jiki da / ko kuma ji na "creeping goosebumps", rawar jiki, ɓarna, rikicewa, matsalolin barci).
Rashin lafiya na nakasa na koda
- a farkon nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 a cikin ƙuruciya ko bayan balaga, ya zama dole a bincika shekaru 5 bayan bayyanar cutar, sannan a bincika kowace shekara;
- marasa lafiya da ke dauke da cutar sukari irin ta 1 wadanda suka kamu da rashin lafiya yayin balaga suna cikin haɗarin gaske kuma ana bincika cututtukan koda nan da nan bayan bayyanar cutar, sannan kuma a sake maimaita jarrabawar kowace shekara;
- Lokacin da aka kamu da cutar sukari irin ta 2, dole ne a bincika kodan kai tsaye kuma a maimaita wannan hanyar kowace shekara.
Babban alamun alamu na yanayin kamal shine abubuwan da ke cikin fitsari albumin(furotin), rabo daga adadin a cikin fitsari albumin da creatininekazalika darajar dunƙule duniya (a takaice SCF) Calcuarshe ana ƙididdige shi gwargwadon ƙa'idodi na musamman dangane da abun ciki creatinine a cikin jini. Sakamakon haka, muna da waɗannan gwaje-gwaje masu buƙata don isar da shekara-shekara:- urinalysis na albumin;
- urinalysis don creatinine;
- gwajin jini don creatinine.
Ana iya haɗe su tare da cikakken bincike na jini da fitsari tare da binciken likita na shekara-shekara. Babban albumin da ƙarancin GFR suna nuna kasancewar cututtukan koda.
Yin rigakafi da magani na rikitarwa na koda
A wuri na biyu daga cikin hanyoyin warkewa shine tsananin riko. abinci. Abincin da ke da ƙarancin abun ciki (amma ba cikakken rashi ba!) Na sunadarai, har ma da ƙaramar abun gishiri, zai taimaka wajen kula da lafiyar kodan. A zahiri, kitsen da carbohydrates mai narkewa cikin sauri suna buƙatar zama iyakance zuwa matsakaicin, amma wannan ba sabon abu bane ga masu ciwon sukari. Ba a yarda da shan giya ba; ya fi kyau a cire shi baki ɗaya. An daina shan sigari!
Zai zama da amfani a ɗauki rukunin magunguna na musamman a layi ɗaya - abin da ake kira nephroprotectorssamar da daidaitaccen metabolism a cikin Tsarin koda. A kowane yanayi, likita ya zaɓi maganin. Magana game da kasancewa hauhawar jini Hakanan ya zama dole a sha magungunan da ke rage karfin jini (akasari daga rukunin masu hana masu cutar ACE). Tare da concomitant anemia An wajabta maganin kumburi (erythropoiesis stimulants) (hadaddun sel da ke cikin jini), da kwayoyi masu ɗauke da baƙin ƙarfe.
A cikin matakin tashar ƙimar renal, kaɗan 'yan zaɓuɓɓuka suka rage. Rayuwar haƙuri kawai za a iya tallafawa maganin hemodialysis ko dai peritoneal dialysis. A cikin duniya akwai marasa lafiya waɗanda suka rayu fiye da shekaru 20 kawai ta hanyar irin waɗannan hanyoyin. Wani madadin a gare su - kamun kafaAmma, kamar yadda ka sani, yawan gabobin bayarwa na iyakantacce, jerin gwano don dasawa yana da yawa, kuma don kasuwancin kasuwanci da farfadowa, ana buƙatar kudade masu yawa. Babu shakka, wannan yanayin yafi sauƙi don hanawa fiye da kulawa.
