Bayanin magani na Metformin na miyagun ƙwayoyi dangane da bayanan da ke kunshe a cikin umarnin na asali don amfani.
Sunan kasa da kasa mai zaman kansa
Metformin.
ATX
Yana nufin ƙungiyar likitancin magunguna: wakilai na maganin haila.
Lambar (ATC): A10BA02 (Metformin).
Saki siffofin da abun da ke ciki
Abunda yake aiki: metformin hydrochloride.
Allunan suna fararen fata, m, tare da haɗari a tsakiya, mai rufe fim, dauke da stearate, sitaci, talc da 500 ko 850 MG na kayan aiki a matsayin ƙarin abubuwan haɗin.
Aikin magunguna
Magungunan hypoglycemic yana nufin biguanides - magungunan da ake amfani da su don ciwon sukari. Suna rage adadin insulin da aka ɗaure (tare da sunadarai na jini), wanda ke ɗaukaka cikin ciwon sukari. A cikin jini, yawan aikin insulin zuwa proinsulin yana ƙaruwa, sakamakon wanda rashin hankali ga insulin ya ragu. A ƙarƙashin tasirin miyagun ƙwayoyi, babu karuwa a cikin samar da insulin ko tasiri akan ƙwayar cuta.
Magungunan hypoglycemic yana nufin biguanides - magungunan da ake amfani da su don ciwon sukari.
A ƙarƙashin tasirin miyagun ƙwayoyi, matakin glucose a cikin jini na jini yana raguwa ba tare da la'akari da abinci ba.
Ana bayar da sakamakon warkewar magunguna ta:
- raguwa a cikin samarwar glucose ta hanta saboda hana aiwatar da tsarin metabolic na samuwar glucose daga mahallin da ba a fitsari ba da kuma gushecogen zuwa glucose;
- inganta amsawar ƙwayar tsoka zuwa insulin da kuma amfani da glucose a ciki;
- hanawa na jawo hanji na glucose.
Magungunan yana inganta haɓakar mai, yana rage jimlar cholesterol ta rage fitsarin jini. Activityara yawan ƙwayar cutar fibrinolytic kuma yana da tasiri sosai a kan hemostasis. Yana haɓaka samuwar glycogen a cikin tantanin ta hanyar aiki akan enzyme glycogen synthetase. Theara ƙarfin jigilar glucose ta nau'ikan jigilar ƙwayoyin membrane.
Yayin jiyya tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi, nauyin mai haƙuri na iya raguwa.
Pharmacokinetics
Ana amfani da maganin ta hanyar 50-60%, yana isa mafi girman taro 2.5 hours bayan gudanarwa. Magana tare da sunadarai na jini sakaci ne. Cikakken taro na abu mai aiki a cikin jini (<1 μg / ml) an yi rikodin sa'o'i 24-48 bayan shan maganin daidai da shawarar da aka ba da shawarar. Babban taro na abu mai aiki tare da matsakaicin kashi bai wuce 5 μg / ml ba. Baƙon abu na iya rage ɗan lokaci yayin cin abinci.
Magungunan Metformin yana inganta haɓakar mai, rage ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa gaba ɗaya ta rage fitsarin jini.
Abubuwan da ke aiki ba metabolized bane, an kebe su a asalin su tare da fitsari. Cire rabin rayuwar shine 6-7 hours. Adadin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta kodan ya kusan 400 ml / min. Renarancin aiki na ƙasa mai lalacewa yana haɗuwa tare da jinkirin tsinkayen abu mai aiki (daidai gwargwado ga ƙaddamarwar creatinine), wanda ke haifar da karuwa a cikin rabin rayuwa da haɓaka cikin ƙwayar plasma na abu mai aiki.
Alamu don amfani
Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi don nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na mellitus, lokacin da abinci da aiki na jiki ba su da tasiri mai kyau da ake buƙata a cikin marasa lafiya da nauyin wuce kima. An wajabta magunguna ga manya da yara sama da 10 da haihuwa azaman monotherapy ko kuma wani ɓangare na hadaddun farji da cututtukan hyperglycemia.
Magunguna ne na zaɓin manya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da nau'in ciwon sukari guda 2 na masu ƙiba masu ƙiba, idan har abincin ba shi da wadataccen aiki.
Contraindications
- rashin lafiyan abu mai aiki ko kowane bangaren taimako;
- yanayin da ke kara haɗarin lactic acidosis, gami da aiki na nakasassu tare da ƙirar creatinine fiye da 150 μmol / l, ƙwayar hanta da cututtukan huhu;
- gazawar renal tare da tsaftacewar creatinine <45 ml / min. ko GFR <45 ml / min. / 1.73 m²;
- gazawar hanta;
- ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari ne, mai coma yana da ciwon sukari;
- m ambaliya na zuciya (amma cutarwa a cikin rauni na zuciya);
- m lokaci na myocardial infarction;
- ciki da lactation;
- m barasa guba.
- lokacin kafin tiyata (kwana 2), karatun radiopaque.
Tare da kulawa
- yara daga 10 zuwa 12 shekara;
- tsofaffi (bayan shekaru 65);
- mutane waɗanda ke aiki mai nauyi na jiki, wanda ke ƙara haɗarin lactic acidosis.
Yaya ake ɗaukar metformin hydrochloride?
Kafin ko bayan abinci?
Lokacin shan maganin yana tare da abinci ko bayan cin abinci.
Tare da ciwon sukari
Kudin don manya a farkon shine daga 500 zuwa 850 MG sau biyu ko sau uku a rana. Bayan makonni 2, ana sake nazarin yanayin gwargwadon matakan ma'aunin jini. Increaseara yawan da ake samu a kullun yana kawar da sakamako mara amfani wanda ya shafi tsarin narkewa. Maganin yau da kullun yakamata kada ya wuce 3000 MG a cikin kashi 3 raba.
Yawan maganin yau da kullun ga yara sama da shekaru 10 da matasa sune 500-850 MG cikin kashi 1. Bayan makonni 2, ana yin nazarin yawan maganin yau da kullun daidai da matakin glucose a cikin jini. Adadin yau da kullun a cikin ilimin yara, wanda ya kasu kashi 2-3, bai kamata ya wuce 2000 MG a duka ba.
Kafin rubuta magani ga tsofaffi marasa lafiya, kamar yadda kuma yayin jiyya, ana bada shawarar kulawa da kullun akan aikin renal. A cikin mutanen da ke cikin lalacewa na matsakaici matsakaici (ƙaddamar da creatinine na 45-59 ml / min ko GFR na 45-59 ml / min), an yarda da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi (maganin yau da kullun na 500-850 sau ɗaya) in babu haɗarin haɗarin lactic acidosis. Kashi na yau da kullun baya wuce 1000 mg kuma an kasu kashi biyu. Bayyanar cututtuka na aikin koda shi wajibi ne aƙalla a kowane watanni 6.
Don asarar nauyi
Maganin farko a matsayin magani don asarar nauyi shine 500 MG 1 lokaci ɗaya kowace rana tare da karuwa a hankali da kashi 500 na mako-mako. Shawarwarin da aka ba da shawarar yau da kullun kada su wuce 2000 MG. Aikin yarda shine sati 3 tare da hutu na kimanin watanni 1-2. A gaban mummunan sakamako masu illa, ana rage rabin kashi yau da kullun.
Sakamakon sakamako na Metformin hydrochloride
Jiyya tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi yawanci yana hade da sakamako masu illa. A cikin waɗannan halayen, an nuna raguwar sashi ko cirewar maganin gaba ɗaya gwargwadon tsananin yanayin.
Gastrointestinal fili
A farkon jiyya kuma tare da haɓaka sashi, irin waɗannan abubuwan da ba a ke so kamar su ne na kowa:
- bayyanar cututtuka na dyspepti (tashin zuciya, amai, rashin tsoro, muguwar haushi);
- ciwon ciki
- asarar ci
- ƙarfe ƙarfe.
Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka suna haifar da yawan bayyanuwar lokacin magani. Wadannan abubuwan mamaki sannu a hankali suna wucewa ta kansu. Don ragewa ko hana su, ana nuna ingantaccen ƙaruwa a cikin matakan yau da kullun da rushewarta a cikin allurai da yawa. Tare da tsawan magani, raunin narkewa yana haɓaka ƙasa akai-akai.
A ɓangaren fata
Reactionsarancin halayen rashin lafiyan, wanda ya haɗa da jan fata da kumburin fata, ƙaiƙayi, cututtukan ciki.
Daga gefen metabolism
Tsawancin lokaci na iya haifar da haɓaka a cikin matakan homocysteine, wanda ke da alaƙa da isasshen ƙwayar bitamin B12 da rashi na gaba, kuma wannan na iya kawo cikaswar samuwar jini kuma (a lokuta mafi ƙaranci) na haifar da cutar haɓaka na megaloblastic.
Haɓaka lactic acidosis (lactic acidosis) sakamakon tarawar lactic acid a cikin jini shine mafi rikitarwa rikicewa daga amfani da biguanides.
Tsarin Endocrin
Tare da hypothyroidism, magani yana rage matakin hormone mai motsa jini a cikin jijiyar jini. Magungunan yana rage haɓakar testosterone a cikin maza. A cikin lokuta daban, megaloblastic anemia yana tasowa.
Cutar Al'aura
Fata fatar jiki.
Tasiri kan ikon sarrafa abubuwan inji
Magungunan ba ya tasiri da ikon yin aiki tare da abubuwa masu rikitarwa, gami da motocin. A haɗuwa da jiyya tare da sauran jami'ai na antihyperglycemic (insulin, meglitinides), haɓakar yanayin hypoglycemic wanda bai dace da tuki da sauran hanyoyin hadaddun da ke buƙatar haɓakar tattarawar hankali ba a cire su.
Magungunan ba ya tasiri da ikon yin aiki tare da abubuwa masu rikitarwa, gami da motocin.
Umarni na musamman
A lokacin shan magani, yakamata ku gina abincin ku don yawan cin abinci na carbohydrates a ko'ina cikin rana. A gaban nauyin jiki da ya wuce kima, ya zama dole a bi abin da ake ci tare da karancin kalori. Ya kamata a sa ido akan alamun metabolism na metabolism akai-akai.
Yi amfani da lokacin daukar ciki da lactation
An yarda dashi don amfani dashi lokacin haihuwar yaro, gami da cutar sankarar mahaifa. Magungunan, bisa ga karatun asibiti, ba ya cutar da yanayin mahaifiyar ko ci gaban tayin. An samo hankalin abu mai aiki a cikin madarar nono, don haka ana ba da shawarar katse shayarwa yayin aikin jiyya saboda karancin bayanai daga karatu kan amincin miyagun ƙwayoyi ga yara.
Gudanar da Metformin hydrochloride ga yara
An ba da izinin amfani da yara daga shekaru 10 kawai bayan tabbatar da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Babu wani sakamako na miyagun ƙwayoyi a lokacin balaga ko girma na yarinyar da aka rubuta. Amma ba a yi nazarin wannan batun ba, kuma sabili da haka a sa ido sosai a kan waɗannan sigogi a cikin yara yayin shawarar magani na dogon lokaci.
Yi amfani da tsufa
Yana buƙatar saka idanu akan aikin renal, saboda yana iya raguwa tsawon shekaru.
Aikace-aikacen aiki mara kyau
Kafin farawa kuma a kai a kai yayin aikin jiyya (aƙalla sau 2 a shekara), yakamata a kula da kodan, tunda metformin an keɓance ta ta hanyar tsarin hanjin. Idan keɓancewar creatinine shine <45 ml / min., Magungunan kwayoyi sun saba.
Amfani don aikin hanta mai rauni
A cikin halayen da ba a sani ba, magani na iya haifar da lalacewa a aikin hanta (azaman sakamako masu illa). Abubuwan da ba a so ba suna tsayawa bayan dakatar da magani.
Samun yawa na Metformin Hydrochloride
Kwayar cutar ta haɗa da tashin zuciya, amai, gudawa, zazzabin cizon sauro, tachycardia, amai, da wuya hypo- ko hyperglycemia. Mafi rikitarwa rikice-rikice da ke buƙatar asibiti na gaggawa shine lactic acidosis, alamun halayen maye, yanayin illa. An nuna gabatarwar sodium bicarbonate, tare da rashin ƙarfi hemodialysis ana buƙatar shi. An yi rikodin rikice-rikice bayan da aka zubar da gangan fiye da 63 g.
Yin hulɗa tare da wasu kwayoyi
Amfani da sinadarin aidin wanda yake dauke da sinadarin aidin a lokaci guda. A wannan yanayin, haɗarin haɓaka gazawar haɓaka, yawan tara kayan ƙwayoyi, lactic acidosis yana ƙaruwa.
Theaukar magungunan a layi ɗaya tare da abubuwan da aka samo na sulfonylurea, NSAIDs, Acarbose, Insulin na iya haɓaka tasirin hypoglycemic.
Rage raguwar tasirin hypoglycemic yana faruwa lokacin amfani dashi tare da:
- glucocorticosteroids;
- kwayoyin hodar iblis;
- madauki diuretics;
- abubuwan asalin phenothiazine;
- tausayawa.
A cikin mafi yawan lokuta, yin amfani da lokaci guda tare da indomethacin (suppositories) na iya haifar da acidosis metabolic.
Amfani da barasa
Dacewa tare da giya ko magunguna masu ɗauke da giya mara kyau. Cutar giya mai taushi, musamman a kan tushen abinci mai ƙarancin kalori ko tare da lalacewar hanta, yana da alaƙa da haɓakar yiwuwar haɓaka lactic acidosis.
Analogs
- Glucophage;
- Bagomet;
- Metformin Richter;
- Metformin-Canon;
- Metformin-Akrikhin;
- Metformin Tsayi;
- Siofor.
Magunguna kan bar sharuɗan
Yana nufin magunguna ba da magani ba. Likita na iya shigar da sunan a Latin Metforminum akan fom.
Zan iya saya ba tare da takardar sayan magani ba?
A'a.
Farashin Metformin Hydrochloride
Kudin maganin:
- Allunan kwayoyi 500 M, pcs 60. - kusan 132 rubles;
- Allunan kwayoyi 850, guda 30. - kusan 109 rubles.
Yanayin ajiya na miyagun ƙwayoyi
Ba ya buƙatar yanayi na musamman. An adana shi a cikin ainihin fakitin. Ku yi nesa da yara!
Analog na maganin zai iya zama maganin Glucophage.
Ranar karewa
Shekaru 3 daga ranar da aka nuna akan kunshin.
Mai masana'anta
Zentiva S.A. (Bucharest, Romania).
Yin bita akan metformin hydrochloride
Likitoci
Vasiliev R.V., babban likita: "Magungunan sun dace da monotherapy da magani hade. Yana aiki sosai kuma, bin umarni don amfani, yana da hadari. Yana da tasiri mai amfani ga metabolism, yana ba da gudummawa ga daidaituwa na nauyi. An ɗauka cewa a nan gaba, metformin na iya zama kaddarorin anticarcinogenic amfani da shi wajen lura da wasu nau'in cutar kansa. "
Tereshchenko E. V., endocrinologist: "Na dauki shekaru da yawa ina yin aiki da wannan wakilin warkewa don rikice-rikice na ƙwayoyin carbohydrate, musamman ga mutane masu kiba sosai. An yarda da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a lokacin daukar ciki."
Marasa lafiya
Olga, ɗan shekara 56, Yalta: "Na ɗanɗana wannan maganin don ciwon sukari na 2 har tsawon watanni 5.A farkon farawar, ya ɗauki kilo da yawa na nauyi. "
Rage nauyi
Tamara, ɗan shekara 28, Moscow: "A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, na sami kilogram 20 saboda baƙin ciki da yawan wuce gona da iri. Na kasance ina shan wannan magani na rabin shekara bisa ga umarnin kuma na jagoranci rayuwa mai aiki. Na yi nasarar rasa kilo 13."
Taisiya, mai shekara 34, Bryansk: "Magungunan suna taimakawa rage nauyi, amma kawai idan kun bi abincin da ya dace. Ba tare da cin abinci ba, maganin ba ya aiki."
