TSARIN ENDOCRINE: MENENE SHI, CUTUTTUKA, RIKICEWA, AYYUKA, TSARI - CIWON SUKARI MELLITUS

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Jikinmu yana da gabobin jiki da tsari da yawa, a zahiri shine tsarin keɓaɓɓe na halitta. Don yin nazarin jikin mutum gaba ɗaya, kuna buƙatar lokaci mai yawa. Amma samun ra'ayin gaba ɗaya ba mai wahala bane. Musamman idan kuna buƙatar hakan don fahimtar kowane cuta.

Sirrin ciki

Kalmar "endocrine" da kanta ta fito daga jumlar Girkanci kuma tana nufin "haskaka ciki." Wannan tsarin na jikin mutum yana samar mana da dukkanin kwayoyin halittar da muke bukata.

Godiya ga tsarin endocrine, yawancin matakai suna faruwa a jikin mu:

girma, cikakken ci gaba:
metabolism;
samar da makamashi;
aiki mai hadewa na dukkanin gabobin ciki da tsarin;
gyara wasu rikice-rikice a cikin hanyoyin jiki;
tsara rai, halayyar hali.

Muhimmancin hormones suna da yawa

Tuni a wannan lokacin, lokacin da ƙaramin kwayar halitta ta fara tasowa a ƙarƙashin zuciyar matar - ɗan da ba a haife shi ba - kwayoyin ne ke tsara wannan tsarin.

Samuwar waɗannan mahadi wajibi ne a garemu a zahiri don komai. Ko da fada cikin ƙauna.

Menene tsarin endocrine ya ƙunsa?

Babban gabobin tsarin endocrine sune:

thyroid da thymus gland;
Pineal gland shine yake da glandar ciki.
glandis adrenal;
koda
testicles a cikin maza ko ovaries a cikin mata.

Duk waɗannan gabobin (gland) suna da haɗin ƙwayoyin endocrine. Amma a jikin mu, a kusan dukkanin kyallen takarda, akwai sel da mutum wanda shima yake samar da kwayoyin halittar.

Don rarrabe tsakanin sel haɗin kai da warwatsa sel, an rarraba jimlar tsarin endocrine na mutum:

glandular (yana hada da glandon endocrine)
yaxuwa (a wannan yanayin muna magana ne game da sel jikin mutum).

Mene ne ayyukan gabobin da ƙwayoyin sel na endocrine?

Amsar wannan tambayar tana cikin tebur da ke ƙasa:

Kwayoyin halitta	Abinda ke da alhakin
Hypothalamus	Gudanar da yunwa, ƙishirwa, bacci. Ana aikawa da umarni ga glandon pituitary.
Kwayar glandar mahaifa	Yana fitar da hormone girma. Tare tare da hypothalamus yana daidaita hulɗa da endocrine da tsarin juyayi.
Thyroid, parathyroid, thymus	Tsara ayyukan tafiyar mutum da ci gaban mutum, aikin juyayi, rigakafi da tsarin motsi.
Pancreas	Gudanar da glucose na jini.
Adrenal bawo	Ka tsara ayyukan zuciya, kuma jijiyoyin jini suna sarrafa tafiyar matakai na rayuwa.
Gonads (gwaji / ovaries)	Kwayoyin jima'i ana samarwa, masu alhakin ayyukan haifuwa.

An bayyana “sashin daukar nauyi” na manyan gabobin na ciki, watau, gabobin gemon ES, aka bayyana anan.
Gabobin tsarin aikin endocrin suna aiwatar da ayyukansu, kuma yayin da kwayoyin sel da ke cikinsu suke mamaye aikin samar da hormones. Wadannan gabobin sun hada da hanta, ciki, hanji, hanji, da kodan. A duk waɗannan gabobin, an samar da kwayoyin halittu daban-daban waɗanda ke tsara ayyukan "masu" kansu kuma suna taimaka musu hulɗa da jikin ɗan adam gaba ɗaya.

Yanzu an san cewa glandon mu da kwayoyin jikin mutum suna samarwa da nau'ikan nau'ikan kwayoyin iri guda talatin. Dukkaninsu an sake su cikin jini a adadi daban-daban kuma a lokuta daban-daban. A zahiri, godiya ga homones kawai muke rayuwa.

Tsarin Endocrine da ciwon sukari

Idan ayyukan kowane ƙwayar cuta na endocrine yana da rauni, to akwai cututtuka da yawa da ke faruwa

Dukkansu suna shafar lafiyarmu da rayuwarmu. A wasu halaye, rashin samar da kwayoyin halittar jiki a zahiri yana canza fuskar mutum. Misali, idan ba tare da hormone girma ba, mutum yayi kama da dwarf, kuma mace ba tare da ingantacciyar ci gaban kwayoyin kwaya ba zai zama uwa.

An samarda koda. In ba tare da shi ba, ba za a iya karye glucose a cikin jiki ba. A cikin nau'in cutar ta farko, samar da insulin yayi ƙanƙanta, kuma wannan yana rushe tsarin rayuwa na yau da kullun. Nau'in na biyu na ciwon sukari yana nufin cewa gabobin ciki na zahiri sun ƙi ɗaukar insulin.

Rushewar metabolism a cikin jiki yana haifar da yawancin hanyoyin haɗari. Misali:

Babu fashewar glucose da ya faru a jikin mutum.
Don bincika makamashi, kwakwalwa yana ba da siginar don rushewar mai.
A lokacin wannan tsari, ba wai kawai ana samar da glycogen bane, har ma da takaddama na musamman - ketones.
Jikin Ketone yana cutar da jinin mutum da kwakwalwar mutum. Sakamakon mafi yawan rashin nasara shine cutar siga da ke mutuwa har da mutuwa.

Tabbas, wannan shine mafi munin yanayi. Amma wannan mai yiwuwa ne tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na II.

Endocrinology da sashe na musamman, diabetology, suna tsoma baki a cikin nazarin cutar sankarar mellitus da kuma neman magani mai inganci.

Yanzu magani bai riga ya san yadda ake yin maganin ƙwayar cutar ta hanji ba, don haka ana magance nau'in ciwon sukari na farko kawai da maganin insulin. Amma kowane lafiyayyen mutum zai iya yin abubuwa da yawa don kada ya kamu da ciwon sukari na 2. Idan wannan har yanzu yana faruwa, yanzu mai ciwon sukari na iya samun rayuwa mai yawan rai da mai ban sha'awa ba tare da barazanar rayuwa ba koyaushe ga rayuwa, kamar yadda ya ɗan yi shekaru ɗari da suka wuce da kuma a baya.

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