Nazarin mahaifa don microalbumin

Microalbuminuria (MAU) na iya zama alama ta farko ta aikin nakasa mai rauni, yana kasancewa yana ɗauke da babban adadin furotin a cikin fitsari. Sunadarai kamar albumin da immunoglobulins suna taimakawa coagulation na jini, daidaita ruwa a jikin mutum da kuma kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta.

Kodan suna cire abubuwa marasa amfani daga jini ta hanyar miliyoyin tacewa glomeruli. Yawancin sunadarai sun yi girma da yawa don ƙetare wannan shingen. Amma lokacin da glomeruli suka lalace, sunadaran sun ratsa ta kuma su shiga fitsari, kuma wannan yana nuna bincike game da microalbumin. Mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari ko hauhawar jini sun fi fuskantar haɗari.

Menene microalbumin?

Microalbumin shine furotin wanda ke cikin rukunin albumin. Ana yin sa a cikin hanta sannan kuma yana yaduwa cikin jini. Kodan fitsari ne don tsarin kewaya, cire abubuwa masu cutarwa (tushen tasirin nitrogenous), wanda aka aika zuwa mafitsara a fitsari.

Yawancin lokaci mutum mai lafiya yana rasa ɗan ƙaramin adadin furotin a cikin fitsari, a cikin gwaje-gwajen an nuna shi kamar lamba (0.033 g) ko kuma an rubuta kalmar "burburin furotin".

Idan jijiyoyin jini na kodan sun lalace, to mafi asarar furotin yana asara. Wannan yana haifar da tara ruwa a cikin sararin intercellular - edema. Microalbuminuria alama ce ta farkon farkon wannan tsari kafin haɓakar bayyanar cututtuka na asibiti.

Manuniyar bincike - na yau da kullun

A cikin mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari, yawanci ana gano UIA a yayin binciken likita na yau da kullun. Maganar binciken shine kwatancen rabo daga albumin da creatinine a cikin fitsari.

Tebur na al'ada da kuma hanyoyin alamu na bincike:

Mai nuna alamar albumin a cikin fitsari bai kamata ya zama ya fi yadda ake hawan 30 mg ba.

Don bambance-bambancen cutar cututtukan koda da cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, ana yin gwaje-gwaje biyu. A farkon, ana amfani da samfurin fitsari kuma ana bincika matakin furotin. Ga na biyu, suna ɗaukar jini kuma suna bincika ƙimar ƙwayoyin halittar ɗan maraƙin.

Cutar amai da gudawa na ɗaya daga cikin rikice-rikicen cututtukan da ke kama da ciwon siga, don haka yana da mahimmanci a gwada aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara. Da zaran an gano shi, zai fi sauki a magance shi daga baya.

Sanadin cutar

Microalbuminuria mai yiwuwa rikice-rikice na nau'in 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, koda kuwa an sarrafa shi sosai. Kimanin mutum daya cikin mutane biyar da ke dauke da cutar sankarau ya kamu da UIA a cikin shekaru 15.

Amma akwai wasu abubuwan haɗari waɗanda zasu iya haifar da microalbuminuria:

• hauhawar jini
• ɗaukar nauyin tarihin dangi na haɓakar cututtukan ciwon sukari;
• shan taba;
• kiba;
• cututtuka na tsarin zuciya;
• marigayi gestosis a cikin mata masu ciki;
• nakasar da kananan yara na yara;
• cututtukan mahaifa;
• glomerulonephritis;
• amyloidosis;
• IgA nephropathy.

Kwayar cutar microalbuminuria

A farkon matakan, babu alamun cutar. A wasu matakai na gaba, idan kodan yayi rashin aiki tare da ayyukansu, zaku iya lura da canje-canje a cikin fitsari kuma lura da bayyanar edema.

Gabaɗaya, za'a iya lura da manyan alamun cutar:

1. Canje-canje a cikin fitsari: a sakamakon karuwar haɓakar furotin, creatinine na iya zama kumfa.
2. Ciwon mara (Edema syndrome) - raguwa a matakin albumin a cikin jini yana haifar da riƙewar ruwa da kumburi, waɗanda ana ganinsu da farko akan hannu da ƙafafu. A cikin mafi yawan lokuta, ascites da kumburin fuska na iya bayyana.
3. Asedara hauhawar jini - akwai asarar ruwa mai yawa daga cikin jini kuma, a sakamakon haka, jini ya yi kauri.

Bayyanar cututtuka na jiki

Bayyanar cututtuka na jiki sun dogara da dalilin microalbuminuria.

Wadannan sun hada da:

• zafi a hagu rabin kirji;
• jin zafi a cikin yankin lumbar;
• tashin hankali na lafiyar gaba daya;
• tinnitus;
• ciwon kai
• rauni na tsoka;
• ƙishirwa
• walƙiya tana tashi a gaban idanu.
• bushe fata;
• asarar nauyi
• karancin ci;
• anemia
• zafin urination da sauransu.

Yadda ake tattara bincike?

Yadda ake wuce fitsari don bincike shine ɗayan tambayoyin da ake yawan yiwa likita.

Ana iya yin gwajin albumin akan samfurin fitsari da aka tattara:

• a bazuwar, yawanci da safe;
• sama da tsawon awa 24;
• a lokacin wani lokaci, misali a 16.00 pm.

Don bincike, ana buƙatar matsakaicin adadin fitsari. Misalin safe yana ba da mafi kyawun bayani game da matakin albumin.

Jarrabawar UIA gwajin fitsari ce mai sauki. Ba a buƙatar horo na musamman a gare shi. Kuna iya ci da sha kamar yadda aka saba, bai kamata ku iyakance kanku ba.

Dabarar tattara fitsari safe:

1. Wanke hannuwanku.
2. Cire murfin daga akwati na bincike, sanya shi tare da saman ciki sama. Kar ku taɓa ciki da yatsunsu.
3. Fara fitar urin in ating a cikin bayan gida, sannan ci gaba cikin tukunyar gwajin. Aboutara kusan 60 ml na fitsari matsakaici.
4. A cikin awa daya ko biyu, yakamata a gabatar da binciken a dakin gwaje-gwaje don bincike.

Don tara fitsari sama da awanni 24, kar a adana farkon kashi na fitsari safe. A cikin awanni 24 masu zuwa, tara dukkan fitsari a cikin babban akwati na musamman wanda ya kamata a adana shi a cikin firiji don yini guda.

Bayyan sakamakon:

1. Kasa da 30 MG shine al'ada.
2. Daga 30 zuwa 300 MG - microalbuminuria.
3. Fiye da 300 MG - macroalbuminuria.

Akwai dalilai na ɗan lokaci da yawa waɗanda ke shafar sakamakon gwajin (ya kamata a la'akari dasu):

• hematuria (jini a cikin fitsari);
• zazzabi
• motsawa mai ƙarfi na kwanan nan;
• rashin ruwa a jiki;
• urinary fili cututtuka.

Wasu kwayoyi kuma zasu iya shafar matakan urinary albumin:

• maganin rigakafi, gami da aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, penicillins;
• magungunan antifungal (Amphotericin B, Griseofulvin);
• Penicillamine;
• Phenazopyridine;
• salicylates;
• Karaf.

Bidiyo daga Dr. Malysheva game da alamun ƙididdigar fitsari, ƙididdigar su da kuma dalilin canje-canje:

Jiyya na Pathology

Microalbuminuria alama ce cewa kuna cikin haɗarin haɓaka mummunan yanayi mai haɗari ga rayuwa, irin su cutar koda da cututtukan zuciya. Abin da ya sa yana da matukar muhimmanci a gano wannan cutar a farkon lokaci.

Wani lokaci ana kiran microalbuminuria "farkon nephropathy," saboda yana iya zama farkon cututtukan nephrotic.

A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus a hade tare da UIA, ya zama dole a dauki gwaje-gwaje sau ɗaya a shekara don kula da yanayin ku.

Magunguna da canje-canjen rayuwa zasu iya taimakawa kare lalacewar koda. Hakanan yana da ikon rage haɗarin cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.

Shawarwarin canje-canje ga salon:

• motsa jiki a kai a kai (minti 150 na mako ɗaya na tsananin matsakaici);
• manne wa tsarin abinci;
• daina shan sigari (gami da sigari na lantarki);
• yanke baya game da giya;
• Kula da sukari na jini kuma idan an inganta shi da sauri, nemi likita kai tsaye.

Tare da hawan jini, an tsara rukuni daban-daban na magunguna don hauhawar jini, mafi yawan lokuta sune angiotensin-canza enzyme (ACE) inhibitors da kuma masu hana karɓa na angiotensin II (ARBs). Dalilinsu yana da mahimmanci saboda hawan jini yana haɓaka haɓakar cutar koda.

Kasancewar microalbuminuria na iya zama alama ta lalacewar tsarin na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, don haka likitocin da ke halartar za su iya tsara siffofin mutum (Rosuvastatin, Atorvastatin). Wadannan kwayoyi suna rage cholesterol, don haka rage yiwuwar bugun zuciya ko bugun jini.

A gaban edema, diuretics, alal misali, Veroshpiron, za'a iya tsara shi.

A cikin mawuyacin yanayi tare da haɓakar cutar koda, za a buƙaci jujjuyawar ƙwayar cuta ko ƙaddamar da koda. A kowane hali, wajibi ne don magance cututtukan da ke haifar da furotin.

Cikakken abinci mai kyau zai taimaka rage jinkirin ciwan microalbuminuria da matsalolin koda, musamman idan yana rage karfin jini, cholesterol da hana kiba.

Musamman, yana da mahimmanci don rage adadin:

• mai cike da kitse;
• gishiri;
• abinci mai girma a cikin furotin, sodium, potassium da phosphorus.

Kuna iya samun ƙarin cikakkiyar shawara game da abinci mai gina jiki daga masaniyar endocrinologist ko masanin abinci mai gina jiki. Kulawarku hanya ce madaidaiciya kuma yana da matukar muhimmanci a dogara ba kawai magunguna ba.