Wadanne rikice-rikice ne za su haifar da ciwon sukari?

Duk wata cuta tana da haɗari sakamakon ta, kuma cutar siga ba ta banbance.

Marasa lafiya tare da wannan ganewar asali ana tilasta su koyaushe a hankali suna lura da yanayin su da matakin glucose na jini don hana haɓakar mummunan rikice-rikice wanda zai iya haifar da asarar hangen nesa, yanki na ƙwanƙwasa, bugun jini da mutuwa.

Me yasa rikitarwa ke tasowa?

Daga dukkan cututtukan da ke da rikice-rikice, cutar sukari ita ce mafi haɗari. Sakamakonsa, kamar cutar da kanta, sau da yawa yana ci gaba ba tare da bayyanar cututtuka masu tsauri ba, wanda ke rikitar da bayyanar cututtuka da farkon farawa. A halin yanzu, lokacin da aka ɓata da keta haƙƙin mara lafiya ga shawarwarin likita sune ainihin abubuwanda wanda, bisa ga ƙididdiga, masu ciwon sukari shine adadi na uku mafi girma da ke mutuwa.

Dukkanin matsaloli suna faruwa ne daga matakan sukari mara tsafta na jini. Increasedarin abubuwan glucose da ke ƙaruwa yana ba da gudummawa ga canji a cikin kaddarorin jini, yana lalata ayyukan kwakwalwa, tsarin jijiyoyin jini, kuma yana shafar kodan da ƙwayoyin jijiya.

Ana iya sarrafa nasarar glucose cikin nasara tare da magunguna masu rage sukari, allurar insulin, abinci da canje-canjen rayuwa. Dangane da batun dacewa, zai yuwu a rage yiwuwar ci gaban sakamako, sannan a kara samun damar masu ciwon sukari na da tsawon rai.

Amma yana faruwa cewa marasa lafiya suna yin kuskure a cikin tsarin kulawa ko watsi da magunguna na likita, ƙeta abincin, ƙoshin insulin insulin ko kuma canza hanya ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. Wadannan dalilan sune babban ci gaba ga bayyanar cututtukan rikice-rikice.

Sharp

Rashin rikice rikice na ciwon sukari mellitus yana faruwa ne daga canji mai mahimmanci a cikin halayyar da kaddarorin jini, da saurin haɓaka ko raguwa a cikin ƙwayar plasma. Wannan yanayin cutar ta haɓaka cikin al'amuran kwanaki har ma awanni kuma yana haifar da haɗari ga rayuwar mai haƙuri, saboda haka, yana buƙatar kulawa ta gaggawa na gaggawa.

Ketoacidosis da cutar ketoacidotic

Dalilin ketoacidosis na iya zama:

• rasa alluran insulin ko canje-canje na kashi;
• take hakkin abinci;
• ciki
• mai kumburi ko cututtuka.

Wannan nau'in rikice-rikice ya taso ne sakamakon rikice-rikice na rayuwa, lokacin da rushewar ƙwayoyin mai ke haifar da haifar da jikin ketone a cikin jini, wanda, haɗe tare da ƙara yawan glucose, yana haifar da guba na jiki da haɓaka ƙwayar ketoaciodic. Ketoacidosis shine mafi yawan sakamakon cututtukan type 1.

A matakin farko na ketoacidosis, ana ganin alamun cututtukan:

• fitsari da kuma matakan glucose na jini suna haɓaka;
• ƙishirwa da yawan urination yana ƙaruwa;
• akwai warin acetone daga bakin;
• increasedarin abinci da hayaniya sun bayyana.

A nan gaba, alamun suna inganta:

• wahalar magana;
• rage sautin fata da tsokoki;
• matsin lamba ya ragu kuma mara lafiyan ya rasa tunani.

Taimako ga mai haƙuri ya kamata a fara bayar da lokacin da alamun farko na ketoacidosis suka bayyana, a nan gaba yanayin yana buƙatar magani a cikin ɓangaren kulawa mai zurfi.

Hyperosmolar coma

Cutar hawan jini na haɓakawa a cikin weeksan makonni kaɗan kuma ana saninta da rashin ruwa, gazawar insulin kuma, a saboda haka, matakan glucose mai yawa. Wani fasali na yanayin cututtukan cuta shine karuwa a cikin sodium a cikin kayan jini.

Zai yiwu a iya bayyanar wadannan abubuwan da za a iya gani:

• narkewa cikin fushi;
• buguwa na amai.
• thirstanƙara da yawan urination;
• nauyi asara;
• bayyanar munanan hare-hare da kuma zato;
• wahalar magana da kasawa.

Kulawa na likita a wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne daga kawar da rashin ruwa, da maido da glucose da karuwar rayuwa.

Lactic acidosis

Wani rikitarwa da ke buƙatar sake tayar da hanzari shine lactic acidosis. Pathology sau da yawa yakan faru ne a cikin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari irin 1 da 2 na tsofaffi.

Sanadin lactic acidosis wani cin zarafi ne na samarda jini ga kyallen, sakamakon wanda iskar oxygen din take baiwa sel mai wahala ne, kuma lactic acid din ya taru a cikin ruwan. Cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, hanta da gazawar koda na iya tayar da wannan cuta.

Don ilimin halayyar halitta, irin waɗannan alamun halayen ne:

• ciwon tsoka
• amai da rauni;
• raguwa mai ƙarfi a cikin matsi;
• wahalar urin ciki;
• bugun zuciya yana canzawa;
• asarar sani.

Ciki a cikin lactic acidosis yana faruwa ne a cikin 'yan awanni kuma a cikin rashin kulawar likita na lokaci na iya haifar da mutuwar mai haƙuri saboda kamuwa da zuciya.

Hypoglycemia

Sakamakon matsananciyar yunwar, yawan aiki a jiki, ko yawan insulin, matakan sukari na jini sun ragu sosai kuma alamun jini ya bayyana. Ana iya rama maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a farkon matakan ta hanyar cin 'ya'yan itace mai zaki ko ruwan' ya'yan itace. Idan babu matakan matakan da suka wajaba, alamu na ci gaba da hauhawa sai cutar sikila ta haila. A wannan yanayin, an riga an buƙaci matakan sake tsaruwa a asibiti.

Kuna iya ƙayyade raguwar glucose ta waɗannan alamu masu zuwa:

• gumi ingantawa;
• bayyanar jin rauni, tsokanar fushi, haushi;
• palpitations hanzari kuma jin sanyi na ji;
• aikin gani ya dagula;
• blanching fata da cututtukan migraine ana lura;
• hannaye da kafafu suna jin sanyi, an lura da rawar jiki;
• asarar sani.

Jiki na hauhawar jini ya haifar da matsananciyar yunwar oxygen na sel kwakwalwa kuma tare da jinkirta magani, edemarta da mutuwa tana faruwa.

Na kullum

A kan asalin rayuwar cutar sukari, tsauraran rikice-rikice na ci gaba. Matsakaicin matakan sukari koyaushe yana haifar da lalacewa ga tsarin juyayi da urinary, yana haifar da rauni na gani da lalacewar fata. Sakamakon mai yiwuwa yana buƙatar kulawa da tiyata.

Ciwon mara na Nephropathy

Babban dalilin da ke haifar da karuwar mace-mace a cikin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da cutar siga ta 1 shine nephropathy. Saboda wannan rikicewar ne matsalar rashin haihuwa ta taso tsakanin shekaru biyar daga fara cutar.

Pathology yana haɓaka matakai da yawa:

1. Microalbuminuria - A wannan matakin, ana gano albumin a cikin fitsari. An kwatanta shi da rashin bayyanar cututtuka, sai dai don ƙarin matsin lamba na lokaci-lokaci.
2. Proteinuria - a wannan lokacin, alamun hauhawar jini ana bayyana su sau da yawa, ƙari, an lura da kumburin fuska. Rashin furotin a cikin fitsari yana ƙaruwa kuma kumburin koda ya fara.
3. Rashin wahala - Sakamakon cututtukan cututtukan da ba za a iya maye gurbin su ba. Yawan fitsari da aka saki yana raguwa sosai, ana lura da amai. Fatar ta bushe da taushi, akwai keta alfarmar haƙuri game da abin da suka aikata.

A farkon matakan rikice-rikice, magani yana nufin rage karfin jini da matakan sukari na jini. Tare da haɓaka gazawar koda, ana nuna marasa lafiya hemodialysis da haɓakar koda na mai bayarwa.

Retinopathy

Retinopathy shine sanadin lalacewa ta yau da kullun da rashin hangen nesa a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari. Sakamakon tasirin matakan sukari mai yawa, tasoshin da ke shimfidawa suna samar da abinci mai gina jiki.

Sakamakon matsananciyar oxygen, ana fara kirkiro sabbin abubuwa a cikin ido, kuma kitsen mai da kakin kwalliya na tarawa akan retina, wanda ke haifar da sassarfa da tsauri.

A cikin aiwatar da haɓaka rikice-rikice, hangen nesa na mai haƙuri ya ɓaci, hangen nesa na gefe yana da rauni, aibobi duhu suna bayyana a gaban idanu.

Nan gaba, fashewar sabo da cututtukan jini na iya faruwa. A cikin mawuyacin hali, retina exfoliates kuma mai haƙuri ya zama makaho gaba ɗaya.

Bayyanar cututtuka na retinopathy a farkon matakai na iya hana kamewar retina ta amfani da lascocolation na laser ko, idan ya cancanta, cire jiki mai lalacewa.

Hoton yana nuna sake fasalin ƙwayar ido tare da maganin retinopathy.

Neuropathy

Har yanzu ba a san ainihin musababin cutar ta neuropathy ba. Wani ya yi imanin cewa ƙwayoyin jijiya suna mutuwa saboda ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki, kuma wani ya tabbata cewa edema na ƙarshen jijiya shine zargi. A kowane hali, lalacewar jijiya yana ƙyamar cutar hawan jini.

Irin wannan ilimin yana da nau'ikansa:

1. Abin sa hankali - ana rarrabewa da raguwa a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar har zuwa cikakkiyar asararsa. Mai haƙuri yana da jin zafi, har ma da mummunar lalacewar fata na ƙafafu.
2. Gastrointestinal - Ayyukan esophagus, hanji da ciki suna da damuwa. Haɗi mai wahala, narke abinci da samun motsin hanji.
3. Fata - tare da wannan fom, fatar ta bushe saboda lalacewar glandar gumi.
4. Ajiyan zuciya - Babban alamar cutar shine tachycardia, wanda ke bayyana a hutawa.
5. Urogenital - yana haifar da aiki na mafitsara da kuma lalata nakasar cikin maza.

Ciwon ƙafar ƙafafun ciwon sukari

Wani rikice-rikice wanda zai iya buƙatar tiyata shine cututtukan ƙafafun ciwon sukari. Kwayar cuta yana haɗuwa da asarar jijiyoyin hannu saboda ƙarancin lalacewar ƙwayoyin jijiya, da lalata lalacewar ƙashi da gidajen abinci.

Akwai nau'i biyu na cutar:

1. Ischemic - yana wakiltar raunuka na jijiyoyin bugun zuciya, sakamakon abin da kwancen hannu zai samu damuwa. Zubewar jini a cikin kafa ya kara muni, yana yin sanyi kuma ya zama cyanotic. Zai yiwu a warke cikin rauni mai raɗaɗi.
2. Neuropathic - tare da wannan fom ɗin, jijiyoyin da ke da alhakin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙafafu sun lalace. Na farko, lokacin farin ciki da cin hanci ya faru. Kafa ta kumbura, kumburi ya bayyana a kai, amma babu zafi.

Nan gaba, ƙafafun zai fara jujjuyawa ko bushewa kuma yawan rikice-rikice ya ƙare tare da yankan reshe (duba hoto).

Ya danganta da nau'in ciwon sukari

Yiwuwar waɗannan ko wasu rikice-rikice sun dogara da nau'in ciwon sukari.

Don haka, sakamakon da aka saba samu na dogon lokaci na nau'in ciwon sukari guda 2 sune cututtukan jini kamar:

• nephropathy;
• 'yan ta'adda
• ƙafa mai ciwon sukari;
• ma'asumi.

Waɗannan sune abubuwan da ake kira takamaiman sakamako na nau'in cututtukan da ba na insulin ba. Haɓaka cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin bugun jini don wannan nau'in cutar ba ta da hali.

Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, akasin haka, tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini (angina pectoris, arrhythmia, bugun zuciya, bugun zuciya) yafi yawanci shafawa.

Bugu da kari, haɓaka irin wannan sakamako mai yiwuwa ne:

• nephropathy;
• raunuka na dermis;
• cututtukan haila da stomatitis;
• kamawa
• Rashin daidaituwa na CNS.

Matsalar ƙarancin ci gaba tare da kowane nau'in ciwon sukari tare da kusan digiri ɗaya na yuwuwar cutar. Banda na daya shine cocin ketoacidotic. Ketoacidosis da wuya a gano shi a cikin masu ciwon sukari na 2 kuma yana da halayyar nau'in ciwon sukari da ke dogaro da sukari.

A cikin yara

Menene rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari a cikin yara? Wannan, da farko, hyperglycemic, ketoacidotic da hypoglycemic coma. Sakamakon wannan yanayin na asibiti yana da haɗari ga yara kamar yadda suke da na manya kuma suna iya haifar da lalacewar tsarin na zuciya, kwakwalwa da haifar da mutuwa. Don haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a lura da alamun farko a cikin lokaci kuma a ɗauki matakan da suka dace.

Wadannan alamun zasu faɗakar:

• kunkuntar ko faɗaɗa ɗalibai;
• moisturearin danshi ko bushewar fata;
• thirstarin ƙishirwa, ci;
• girma rauni da rashin tausayi;
• numfashin acetone;
• canji a cikin numfashi da raunin zuciya;
• rikicewa da asarar daidaituwa.

Samun yuwuwar hangen nesa shine ya dogara da yadda za'a samar da ingantaccen taimakon da za'a yiwa yaran.

Tare da tsawan lokaci na cutar, ba a cire rikice-rikice na ƙarshen:

• lalacewar koda yana haifar da gazawar koda (nephropathy);
• rashin hankali, rashin hankali, haushi, hawaye (encephalopathy);
• bayyanar zafi da kunbura a cikin kafafu, raunuka a kan fata na wata gabar jiki sakamakon lalacewar tsarin juyayi (neuropathy);
• Rage hangen nesa, strabismus, lalacewar retina (ophthalmopathy);
• cututtukan haɗin gwiwa (arthropathy).

Bidiyo daga sanannen likitan yara Komarovsky game da ciwon sukari a cikin yara:

Tasirin rigakafi

Rikici na ciwon sukari sau da yawa yana haifar da nakasa, lalata abubuwa masu mahimmanci da mutuwa, don haka yana da mahimmanci don hana haɓaka haɓakawarsu, lura da matakan kariya:

1. Saka idanu sukari na jini akai-akai. Canje-canje a cikin alamomi na buƙatar diyya ta gaggawa.
2. Bi jadawalin don inje insulin ko magungunan rage sukari.
3. Kada ku sami magunguna da kanku kuma ku bi sashi don shawarar da likitanku ya ba ku.
4. Yi nazari akai-akai, bincika kasancewar jikin ketone a cikin jini da furotin a cikin fitsari.
5. Ziyarci likitan likitan ido kowane watanni 6. Wannan zai taimaka da lokaci don gano lalacewar cikin tantin.
6. Guji giya da jarabar nicotine. Sigari da ruhohi suna haɓaka glucose, suna rage tasoshin jini da lalata aikin zuciya.
7. Kula da abincin abinci. Kawar da amfani da abinci tare da babban glycemic matakin kuma ba da fifiko ga kayan lambu, samfuran mai-mai mai ƙiba, nama da kifi.
8. Ku ci aƙalla sau 5 a rana, ku guje wa dogon hutu tsakanin abinci. Wannan zai kiyaye taro mai yarda a cikin jini, yana hana hypoglycemia.
9. Kula da karfin jini da kuma lafiyar ka. A alamun farko na firgita, kada a jinkirta neman taimakon likita.
10. Guji aikin motsa jiki, amma kuma kada ku jagoranci rayuwar rayuwa. Lamu yakamata ya kasance mai dacewa kuma ya dace da shekaru da lafiya.
11. Kowace rana, sha gilashin 6-8 na ruwa don kula da ma'aunin ruwa da haɓaka metabolism.
12. Zaɓi takalmin kwanciyar hankali, kula da tsabta na ƙafa. Kula da fata ta amfani da mayukan shafawa da taushi.
13. Guji lalacewar fata na ƙafafu, kula da cututtukan fungal na lokaci-lokaci.

Ciwon sukari cuta ce da take canza rayuwar mutum. Ganin hatsarin da rashin haɗarin cutar, yana da kyau a ɗauki ƙarin matakin kula da aiwatar da duk shawarar likita, saboda haɓaka rikice-rikice ya fi sauki a hana yin magani.