Wani sabon ƙarni na nau'in magungunan masu ciwon sukari na 2 yana sa lafiyar haƙuri kuma yana taimakawa ci gaba da burin sukari na jini. Zaɓin mafi kyawun magani ba koyaushe aiki ne mai sauƙi ba, saboda haka, ƙwararren likitancin endocrinologist ya kamata ya magance ta. Yana da haɗari matuƙar haɗari don sanya magani a kanka ba tare da likita ba, saboda wannan ya cika tare da lalata da ci gaban cutar.
Babban manufofin maganin magunguna
Kowane ɗayan magungunan yana da wasu sakamako masu illa, saboda haka ba a tsara su ba tare da tsananin buƙatar ba. Ya danganta da yanayin halayen mutum na kamuwa da cutar siga, ana iya ba da shawarar magunguna tare da wani tsarin aikin na daban ga mai haƙuri. Amma babban burin shan kowane magani ga masu ciwon sukari na 2 shine rage yawan glucose na jini.
Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci don hana mara lafiya ci gaba da rikice-rikice kamar hauhawar jini, bugun zuciya, cutar ciwon sukari da kuma cututtukan zuciya. Kuma wannan mai yiwuwa ne kawai tare da matakan sukari na al'ada.
Tabbas, yawancin kwayoyi na zamani basu da irin wannan tasirin sakamako kamar yadda magabata suka yi amfani da su a da. Endocrinologists koyaushe suna ƙoƙarin zaɓin wani magani wanda zai dace da mai haƙuri kamar yadda zai yiwu kuma ya kasance mai tasiri sosai ba tare da sakamako mara kyau ba. Don zaɓin mafi kyawun magani, mai haƙuri dole ne ya ɗauki gwaje-gwajen jini na jini don likitan ya sami ra'ayi na yanayin ƙwanƙwasa da sauran gabobin ciki.
Biguanides - magunguna masu araha da tasiri
Biguanides suna daga cikin shahararrun magungunan da aka tsara don maganin ciwon sukari na 2. Ba sa motsa ƙwayar ƙwayar tsoka don samar da karin insulin, amma kawai ta daidaita rabon insulin na insulin a cikin ta (shine, ɗaure, wanda ba zai iya cika aikinsa ba). Sakamakon wannan, jin kyallen takarda zuwa insulin yana inganta, kuma yawan sukari jini a hankali yana raguwa.
Magunguna a cikin wannan rukunin suna inganta haɓakar metabolism kuma suna inganta nauyi. Biguanides yana rage jinkirin insulin a matakin hanta kuma yana daidaita metabolism. Wadannan magungunan suna taimakawa rage nauyin jikin mutum, sabili da haka, ana samun nasarar yin amfani da su a cikin marasa lafiya tare da kiba.
Shahararrun wakilan wannan jerin magungunan sune Siofor da Glokofage. Sun ƙunshi metmforfin. Hakanan ana samun wannan kayan a cikin tsayayyen nau'ikan kwayoyi, watau, magunguna masu amfani da dogon lokaci. Wadannan sun hada da Siofor Long da Metadiene. A zahiri basu da illa mai illa, daga cikinsu ne kawai abubuwanda suke haifar da mummunan yanayi na tsarin narkewar abinci.
Adadin insulin don kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 2 wani saukin hali ne amma mai yuwuwar faruwa. Wani lokacin wannan lamari ne na tabbatar da lafiyar mai haƙuri.
Shin amfani da kalami na sulfonylurea har yanzu yana da mahimmanci?
Wadannan kwayoyi suna motsa ƙwayoyin beta na pancreatic don samar da ƙarin insulin, wanda ke rage sukarin jini. Sakamakon shan waɗannan kwayoyin yana zuwa da sauri kuma an faɗi sosai fiye da kowane magani na baka don rage glucose.
Wadannan sun hada da Glibenez, Glucotrol, Minidiab, da sauransu. Amma wasu sakamako masu illa mara kyau da kuma takamaiman tsarin aiki har yanzu da wuya sanya su su zama kawai "magani na zabi" don nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.
Idan ba a ƙididdige yawan irin wannan maganin daidai ba, ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta za su yi aiki don sutura kuma, a ƙarshe, mai haƙuri da masu ciwon sukari na 2 zai buƙaci allurar insulin. Ya kamata a zaɓi tsarin ci gaba domin yawan ayyukan beta-cell yana faruwa cikin lokaci na sa'o'i bayan cin abinci, lokacin da aka haɓaka matakan sukari na jini ta halitta. Don cimma ingantacciyar tasiri, ana tsara waɗannan magunguna tare da sauran wakilai. A yayin jiyya tare da abubuwan da ake amfani dasu na maganin sulfonylurea, dole ne a dauki lokaci-lokaci a gwada gwajin jini na kwayoyin halittar jini don tantance yanayin cutar koda.
Matsaloli masu iya haifar da sakamako:
Cutar Cutar Cutar Rana ta 2 a cikin Mata- mahimmancin hypoglycemia;
- karin nauyi;
- tashin zuciya, amai
- rashin lafiyan mutum
- rashin daidaituwa a cikin tsari na jini.
Wannan matakin ba lallai ba ne ya faru nan da nan, amma idan akwai alamun bayyanar cututtuka ko kuma yanayin lalacewa cikin walwala, mai haƙuri cikin gaggawa yana buƙatar ganin likita. Shan irin waɗannan kwayoyin a cikin adadin da ya dace kuma a ƙarƙashin kulawa da likitancin endocrinologist yawanci ba shi da lahani, amma wani lokacin marasa lafiya suna buƙatar gyaran magani.
Masu hana wasu enzymes suna da tasiri amma magunguna masu tsada
Enzymes abubuwa ne masu aiki da kayan aiki wadanda ke hanzarta wasu halayen da ake amfani da su a cikin jikin mutum. Masu hana maharan sune mahaɗa waɗanda ke rage jinkirin waɗannan halayen. A cikin metabolism na metabolism, enzymes da yawa suna da alhakin aiwatar da rarrabu hadaddun carbohydrates, daga cikinsu ana iya bambanta alpha glucosidase da pepeididyl-4 pepeidid-4.
Alpha glucosidase inhibitors yana rage jinkirin rushewar carbohydrates masu rikitarwa da yawan sha a cikin ƙananan hanjin. Saboda wannan, matakan glucose a cikin jini ya ragu a hankali kuma babu saukad da ƙima a cikin darajar sa. Bayan mai haƙuri ya ci abinci tare da hadaddun carbohydrates a cikin abun da ke ciki, saboda aikin miyagun ƙwayoyi, jikin yana buƙatar ƙarin lokaci don karya da shiga cikin jini. Babban abubuwan aiki na wannan rukunin magunguna:
- acarbose ("Glucobay");
- miglitol ("Diastabol");
- voglibose ("Voxide").
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors suna aiki daban. Suna haɓaka samar da insulin dangane da haɗuwar glucose. Magunguna suna ba da gudummawa ga kunnawar wani ƙwayar hormone na musamman - incretin, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar wanda ƙwayoyin beta na pancreatic ke aiki sosai. Wakilan wannan jerin sun hada da magungunan Janavia da Galvus.
Enzyme inhibitors suna dacewa da jiki, amma suna da tsada sosai, saboda haka ba kamar na yau da kullun biguanides
Glitazones - magunguna na zamani da araha
Glitazones wani sabon rukuni ne na kwayoyi don magance ciwon sukari. An haɓaka su kuma an shigar da su cikin aikin likita tun 1997. Ayyukansu suna kan inganta haɓakar ƙwayar sel zuwa insulin. Wannan tasirin yana aiki sosai musamman a tsoka da tsotsin nama mai nama, har zuwa ƙarancin hanta a hanta. Irin waɗannan magunguna suna rage ƙarfin insulin kuma sabili da haka matakan sukari na jini sun ragu.
Magunguna a cikin wannan rukunin ba su canza ayyukan ƙwayoyin beta na pancreatic ba. Samun insulin ya kasance daidai gwargwado kamar a gaban magani. Saboda haka, ana iya amfani da irin waɗannan magunguna don waɗancan nau'ikan marasa lafiya waɗanda cututtukan fata su ke haifar da ƙwayar jijiyar da ke rage sukari a cikin wadataccen adadin.
A cikin ilimin zamani, ana amfani da nau'in glitazones 2 don magance masu ciwon sukari:
- rosiglitazone ("Avandia");
- pioglitazone ("Actos").
Akwai wakili na uku - thioglitazone, amma a yau ba a amfani dashi saboda babban sakamako mai guba a hanta. Wannan aji na kwayoyi na iya rage matakan glucose ta 1-3 mmol / L; ana amfani dashi sau da yawa a hade tare da biguanides da sulfonylureas.
Meglitinides - sababbin magunguna masu tsada amma masu tsada
Meglitinides sune ɗayan sababbin magunguna don maganin cututtukan type 2. Suna buƙatar ɗaukar 'yan mintoci kaɗan kafin abinci, saboda suna ƙaruwa da aikin insulin. Tabbatuwar allunan shine suke haifar da karuwar samarda insulin na wani dan kankanin lokaci dangane da karuwar yawan glucose a cikin jini.
Sakamakon cewa meglitinides yayi aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci, wannan ya isa don rage sukari bayan cin abinci ba tare da haifar da mummunar sakamako masu illa da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ba.
Wadannan sun hada da kwayoyi irin su Starlix da Novonorm. Ba kamar magungunan sulfonylurea ba, waɗannan kwayoyi suna aiki tare da kai tsaye bayan abinci. Idan saboda wasu dalilai masu ciwon sukari sun tsani abinci, ba kwa buƙatar shan kwaya. Magungunan ba su da tasiri mai amfani da dadewa. Wannan ya dace sosai ga marasa lafiya, saboda suna iya jagorantar salon rayuwa mai tsauri kuma ba za a haɗe shi da tsarin abinci a fili ba a wasu sa'o'i (ko da yake, ba shakka, yin azama tare da ciwon sukari har yanzu ba a yarda da shi ba).
Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako masu lalacewa suna da wuya, mafi girman abin da ke ɗauka shine hypoglycemia. Ainihin, irin waɗannan bayyanar suna da alaƙa da wuce gona da iri da aka bayar da shawarar ko abincin da ba a ɗauka ba. Meglitinides magunguna ne masu tsada sosai. Don lura da marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari na 2, galibi ana amfani dasu a hade tare da metmorphine.
Hadin magunguna
A cikin kuɗin da aka haɗo don maganin ciwon sukari na 2 na sukari, yawancin azuzuwan karatu daban-daban suna aiki sau ɗaya. Wadannan magungunan sun hada da kwayoyi tare da sunayen kasuwanci kamar haka:
- Glucovans;
- Glucofast;
- Gluconorm;
- Metglib
- "Janumet";
- GwarzKamar.
Magungunan haɗakarwa galibi ana wajabta su a lokuta inda magani-magani bai iya taimakawa mai haƙuri ba. Idan mai haƙuri ya manta da shan allunann yawa a lokacin, kasance a cikin aji daban-daban na abubuwa, ana iya bada shawarar yin amfani da maganin haɗuwa. Kudin irin waɗannan magunguna yawanci suna da yawa, kuma manufarsu kawai yana barata ne kawai idan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar halittun ba zai iya samar da matakin sukari ba. Bukatar hakan ba sau da yawa ba ne, saboda sabbin magunguna don cututtukan da ba su da insulin-da ke fama da cutar yawanci suna yin aikinsu da kyau.
Baya ga shan magunguna don ciwon sukari, yana da mahimmanci ga mai haƙuri ya bi abinci kuma kada ya manta game da aikin jiki. Idan yanayin mai haƙuri ya ƙunshi magani na insulin, dole ne nan da nan ku yarda kuma kada ku gwada maye gurbin shi da wani abu. Yawanci, tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, wannan matakin ne na ɗan lokaci wanda ya zama dole don daidaita alamu masu mahimmanci na metabolism metabolism da kuma kula da lafiya.
