Mutane da yawa suna sha'awar wannan tambaya: rama ciwon sukari - menene? Wannan kalmar tana nufin nazarin halittu, a cikin haɓaka wanda girman glucose yake kusa da mafi kyau duka. An samu wannan ta hanyar matakan da yawa na warkewa. Saboda aiwatarwarsu, yana yiwuwa a rage barazanar rikitarwa.
Asalin diyya
Sakamakon ciwon sukari yana tare da ma'aunin jini na al'ada. Don cimma wannan jihar, gyaran abinci da kuma riko da tsari na musamman yana taimakawa. Babu karamin mahimmanci shine aikin da aka auna.
A wasu yanayi, waɗannan matakan basu isa su kula da yawan glucose na yau da kullun ba.
Matsayin diyya
Dangane da yanayin mai haƙuri, akwai nau'ikan cututtukan cuta. Likitoci sun bambanta masu zuwa raunin masu ciwon sukari:
- Ya rama - a cikin wannan halin, yana yiwuwa a kula da sigogi na glucose na yau da kullun. Hadarin rikitarwa a cikin wannan halin yana da ƙarancin gaske. Don ramawa game da cutar, ana amfani da magungunan kwamfutar hannu, gudanarwar insulin, gyaran abinci da kuma abubuwan motsa jiki.
- Subcompensated - yana da halin matsakaiciyar yanayi wanda sigogi na glucose yake tsakanin matakan da aka biya da kuma rikitarwa. Wata barazanar mummunan sakamako tana nan. Amma ga abin da ya faru na alamun sakamako mara kyau, yana ɗaukar lokaci fiye da matakin lalata.
- Decompensated - tare da ƙara yawan glucose. Halin yana halin babban barazanar rikitarwa.
Zaɓuɓɓukan Lissafi
Don ramawa ga masu ciwon sukari don cin nasara, dole ne a ɗauki wasu gwaje-gwaje akai-akai. Sharuddan diyya na masu dauke da cutar sun hada da:
- Volumearar glucose - an ƙaddara cikin jini da fitsari;
- Glycated haemoglobin;
- Acetone a cikin fitsari;
- Fructosamine;
- Lipidogram.
Glycated Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin wani sinadari ne wanda yake a cikin jini. Wannan kashi yana da alhakin rarraba iskar oxygen a jiki. Siffar halayyar wannan kashi shine ikon kame kwayar oxygen kuma tabbatar da cigaba da motsi.
Ko yaya, haemoglobin zai iya ɗaukar kwayoyin glucose. Sakamakon haka, ana yin glycated haemoglobin, wanda shine babban ƙarfin ƙarfi. Wannan manuniya ce ta ba ka damar kimanta matsakaicin yawan glucose a cikin watanni 2 da suka gabata.
Don haka, wannan matakin yana da amfani matuƙar mahimmanci don gano tsananin cutar da tasirin magani. Yana taimakawa wajen tantance hanyar biyan diyya ga cutar.
Don tantance matakin irin wannan cutar haemoglobin, ana amfani da wata dabara ta immunochemical ko chromatography na ion-exchange. A bisa ga al'ada, bayan binciken farko, wannan alamar tana 4.5-7.5%, bayan na biyu - 4.5-5.7%.
Sakamakon ciwon sukari yana tare da sigogi na 6-9%. Idan aka gano wani kaso mai yawa, wannan yana tabbatar da rashin ingancin aikin jiyya da kuma ɗimbin glucose.
Fructosamine
Wannan siga shine mafi yawan bayani. Fructosamine yana hade ta hanyar ɗaura abubuwan gina jiki na plasma da glucose. Increaseara yawan wannan abun yana nuna wuce haddi na glucose na sati 2-3.
Lipidogram
Wannan ingantaccen tsarin aikin bincike yana taimakawa wajen tantance abubuwan da ke cikin lipid a tsarin jini.
Don aiwatar da lipidogram, ana amfani da hanyar photometric mai launi na launi. Don yin wannan, ba da gudummawa jini daga jijiya.
Don samun sakamako abin dogara, dole ne a bi waɗannan shawarwarin:
- Dakatar da shan sigari minti 30 kafin binciken;
- Guji damuwa
- Kada ku ci sa'o'i 12 kafin bincike.
Godiya ga aikin, yana yiwuwa a ƙayyade jimlar cholesterol, mai nuna atherogenicity, matakin triglycerides, lipids na yawan daban-daban. Cikakken diyya ga masu ciwon sukari na 2 ana nuna su:
- Triglycerides - 0-2.25 mmol / L;
- Atherogenicity - 2.2-3.5;
- Cholesterol - 0-5.2 mmol / L;
- Poarancin lipoproteins mai yawa - 0.13-1.63 mmol / l;
- Poarancin lipoproteins mai yawa - 0-3.3 mmol / l;
- Babban lipoproteins mai yawa - 1.03-1.55 mmol / L
Comparancin kuɗi da rarrabuwar ƙwayar cuta ana nuna su ta hanyar mafi girman yanayi. Wannan yana tabbatar da haɗarin ban sha'awa na atherosclerosis, bugun jini, cututtukan koda, ciwon zuciya.
Arar sukari
Ana buƙatar sigogi na glucose har zuwa sau 5 a rana. Amma ba kowane mai haƙuri ba ne zai iya yin gwaji da yawa. Sabili da haka, mafi ƙarancin hanyoyin shine sau 2 - da safe da dare. Don gudanar da wannan binciken, yi amfani da glucometer.
Cutar sankara mai kyau irin ta 2 tana buƙatar binciken kowane wata. Idan matakin glucose a cikin fitsari ya kasance 12-15 mmol / l, yakamata a yi aikin sau da yawa. A yadda aka saba, sukari bai kamata ya ƙunshi fitsari ba. Idan ya kasance, ana nuna ƙarin nazarin akan abubuwan acetone a cikin fitsari.
Don kimanta sharuɗɗan don rama irin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, ana amfani da hanyoyin gwaji da ke canza launi yayin fitsari. Idan launi ya ishe ta cikakke, wannan yana nuna wucewar acetone a cikin fitsari. Ba wai inuwa mai haske ba tana nuni da karancin kudi.
Yin rigakafin rikice-rikice
Don hana haɓakar mummunan sakamako, yana da matukar mahimmanci don al'ada da kuma kula da mafi yawan adadin sukari a cikin jini. Sakamakon sakamako mai mahimmanci ga masu ciwon sukari na 1 ba zai yiwu ba tare da insulin ba. Tare da nau'in cutar ta 2, wannan ba lallai ba ne, a ƙarƙashin tsarin yau da kullun, abinci da motsa jiki.
Tare da kowane nau'in ciwon sukari, ba a canza ƙa'idodin tsarin abinci. Yana da mahimmanci a bi irin waɗannan shawarwarin:
- Usearyata sukari da abinci mai ƙiba;
- Bayar fifiko ga nau'ikan jiyya mai laushi - tafasa, yin burodi;
- Modauki sabis na abinci matsakaici;
- Cire cikakken sukari;
- Rage yawan cin gishiri - girmanta kada ya wuce 12 g a rana;
- Daidaita adadin kuzari na samfura da yawan kuzarin da aka cinye.
Don ramawa ga nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na mellitus don cin nasara, ban da daidaita cin abincin, kuna buƙatar aiwatar da ayyuka masu zuwa:
- A lokaci-lokaci kimanta ƙimar glucose;
- Bayar da yanayi mai kyau na ilimin halin mutum;
- Shiga ciki don wasanni.
Yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da cewa isasshen motsa jiki ko wuce kima yana da lahani sosai a cutar sankara. Ba su cutar da ƙa'idodi don biyan diyya ga nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, wanda ke haifar da karuwa a cikin glucose. Masana suna ba da shawara kowace rana don yin motsa jiki ko yin gajeren gudu.
Kasancewa ga shawarwarin likita, yanayin haƙuri yana inganta. Nau'in nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 wanda ya biya dila yana da alamun masu zuwa:
- Glycated haemoglobin 6-7%;
- Matsawa ba kasa da 140-90 mm Hg. st .;
- Yawan al'ada na cholesterol;
- Hypoglycemia da safe 5.5 mol;
- Mafi kyawun abun ciki na sukari bayan cin abinci.
Sakamakon ciwon sukari yana tare da sigogi mai kyau na glucose. Wannan yanayin ba ya haifar da rikice-rikice kuma yana ba ka damar jagorancin salon rayuwa na al'ada. Don cimma sakamako mai kyau, yana da matukar muhimmanci a bi alƙawarin likita.
