Tsarin sukari na jini a cikin matasa 13 shekaru shine 3.3-5.5 mmol / l, tare da waɗannan alamun suna aiki na yau da kullun na gabobin ciki, haɓaka, haɓaka ta jiki da ta kwakwalwa.
Pewarewar jiki a cikin balaga shine haɓakar samar da abubuwan haɓaka na jijiyoyin jini da canzawar yanayin jima'i, wannan lokacin ana ɗaukar lokacin canji ne daga ƙuruciya zuwa samartaka, sabili da haka, ƙididdigar alamu na rayuwa yana fuskantar manyan canji.
Ga yaro da aka yi laƙabi da shi game da ciwon sukari, shekaru 13 zuwa 16 ne mafi haɗari. Idan ba a gano cutar a kan lokaci ba kuma ba a fara ba da magani ba, to cutar za a iya farawa da ci gaban ketoacidosis har zuwa hauhawar jini.
Ta yaya jiki ke kula da glucose na jini?
Bodywararren lafiyar jiki yana ɗanɗuwa hawa da sauka a matakan glucose bayan cin abinci, musamman ma mai wadataccen abinci a cikin carbohydrates mai sauƙi - sukari, 'ya'yan itatuwa, ruwan' ya'yan itace, zuma, kayan kwalliya da burodi. A wannan yanayin, glycemia yana tashi da sauri, idan samfuran sun ƙunshi sitaci (hatsi, dankali) ko fiber na shuka (kayan lambu, bran), to, sukarin jini ya tashi a hankali.
A kowane hali, bayan aikin narkewar narkewar abinci, ana canza dukkanin carbohydrates zuwa glucose, yana shiga cikin jini na hanjinsu. Sannan, a ƙarƙashin tasirin insulin hormone na ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, sel suna haɗuwa da glucose daga jini kuma suna amfani dashi don makamashi.
Adadin da ba lallai ba ne don ci gaba da aiki a cikin wannan lokacin an adana shi a cikin nau'i na glycogen a cikin hanta da ƙwayoyin tsoka. Jiki yana cin wannan ajiyar tsakanin tsakanin abinci. Tare da rashin glucose a cikin jini, hanta tana iya samar da ita daga amino acid da mai.
Dukkanin matakan metabolism yana tasiri da tsarin hormonal. Babban tasirin hypoglycemic shine insulin, kuma hormones daga glandon adrenal, glandon thyroid, hormones na pituitary suna haɓaka shi.
Ana kiransu contrainsular. Wadannan kwayoyin sun hada da:
- Halin girma - hormone girma.
- Adrenaline, adrenal cortisol.
- Hormones na thyroid - thyroxine, triiodothyronine.
- Karin Alfa Glucagon
Sakamakon ƙaruwar ƙwayar jijiyar damuwa da hormone girma, mellitus na matasa na ɗaya daga cikin bambance-bambancen da ke da wahalar cutar don magancewa.
Wannan ya faru ne saboda haɓakar insulin ƙwayar nama a ƙarƙashin rinjayar hyperfunction na endocrine gland hyperfunction da halaye na mutum mai haƙuri na 13-16 shekara.
Wanene yana buƙatar gwajin sukari na jini?
An tsara gwajin jini don sukari (glucose) idan akwai tsinkayar cutar sankarar mellitus wanda aka saka cikin kayan chromosome kuma ana yada shi daga kusancin dangi da ke fama da wannan cutar.
Mafi yawancin lokuta, a cikin samartaka, ana yin gwaji na nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari. Abubuwan da ke tattare da gano yanayin cutar na lokaci ya ta'allaka ne da cewa ci gabanta a farkon matakai yana da wuyar tantancewa ta alamun asibiti da kuma bincike.
Ana kiyaye matakin sukari na jini a cikin yaro muddin akwai ayyukan sel a cikin jijiyoyin. Sai bayan 90-95% daga cikinsu ana lalata su ta hanyar kumburi, kawai alamun bayyanar suna bayyana. Wadannan sun hada da:
- Babban ƙishirwa da haɓaka ci.
- Rage nauyi mara nauyi.
- Ciwon kai da danshi.
- Yawan fitsari.
- Itching na fata, ciki har da cikin perineum.
- M cututtuka da yawa.
- Rashin kamuwa da cututtukan fata da fitsari a jikin fatar.
- Rage hangen nesa.
- Gajiya
Ko da akwai ɗayan waɗannan alamun, ya kamata a bincika saurayi don ciwon sukari. Idan har ba a kula da waɗannan alamun ba, cutar tana ci gaba cikin sauri kuma abubuwan mamaki na ketoacidosis sun haɗu: tashin zuciya, zafin ciki, m da numfashi mara yawa, ƙanshi na acetone daga bakin.
Sakamakon jikin ketone mai guba ne sosai ga ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa, sabili da haka, a lokacin rana, halayyar na iya lalacewa.
A sakamakon haka, ƙwayar ketoacidotic ta haɓaka, wanda ke buƙatar sake tayar da hanzari.
Yaya za a wuce gwajin jini don sukari?
Don samun sakamakon da ya dace, kuna buƙatar shirya don binciken. Don yin wannan, a cikin kwanaki 2-3 kana buƙatar rage yawan abinci mai daɗi da mai mai daɗi, kawar da yawan abubuwan sha. Ranar gwajin, ba za ku iya shan taba, shan kofi ko shayi mai ƙarfi, ku sami karin kumallo. Zai fi kyau ka zo dakin gwaji da safe, kafin wannan za ka iya shan ruwan tsabta.
Idan an tsara magunguna, musamman magungunan hormonal, painkillers ko shafi tsarin jijiyoyi, to kafin binciken, ya kamata ku nemi shawarar likitan ku game da shawarar shan su, tunda ana iya gurbata bayanan. Za a iya jinkirta cutar a cikin zafin jiki, bayan raunin da ya ji ko konewa.
Valuimata bayanai ne ta hanyar kwararru. Tsarin sukari na jini a cikin yara ya dogara da shekaru: ga jariri ɗan shekara yana ƙasa da na saurayi. Canjin yanayin ilimin halittar jiki a cikin glycemia a cikin mmol / l a cikin yara ya dace da irin waɗannan alamomin: har zuwa shekara ta 2.8-4.4; daga shekara zuwa shekara 14 - 3.3-5.5. Raguwa daga ƙa'idar za'a iya ɗauka azaman:
- Har zuwa 3.3 - ƙarancin sukari na jini (hypoglycemia).
- Daga 5.5 zuwa 6.1 - tsinkayar cutar sankara, zazzabin bacci.
- Daga 6.1 - ciwon sukari.
Yawancin lokaci, sakamakon ma'aunin sukari guda ɗaya ba'a gano shi ba, ana maimaita binciken aƙalla sau ɗaya. Idan akwai zato na mellitus na sukari na latent - akwai alamun cutar, amma glycemia al'ada ce, ana samun hyperglycemia a ƙasa 6.1 mmol / l, to irin waɗannan yara an tsara su don gwaji tare da nauyin glucose.
Gwajin haƙuri a cikin glucose baya buƙatar shiri na musamman, yana da kyau kar a fara canza abinci da salon rayuwa kafin aiwatar da shi. Shi kuma ya mika wuya akan komai a ciki. Ana auna glycemia sau biyu - matakin farko na sukari bayan hutu na awa 10 a cikin abincin, kuma a karo na biyu 2 sa'o'i bayan haƙuri ya sha maganin tare da 75 g na glucose.
An tabbatar da bayyanar cututtukan sukari idan, ban da sukari mai azumi (sama da 7 mmol / L), hyperglycemia sama da 11.1 mmol / L bayan an gano motsa jiki. Idan ya cancanta, an bai wa matashi ƙarin bincike: nazarin fitsari don sukari, ƙuduri na jikin ketone don jini da fitsari, nazarin dabi'a na glycated haemoglobin, nazarin kwayoyin.
Sanadin jini mara nauyi
Yarinyar na iya samun ƙimar sukari mara ƙaranci don cututtukan ciki da hanji, malalarorption na abubuwan gina jiki, cututtukan cututtukan fata mai ɗorewa, cututtukan hanta ko ƙodan, guba, raunin kwakwalwa, rauni, da kuma ciwace-ciwace.
Bayyanar cututtuka na ragewan sukari na iya zama: tsananin fushi, hauhawar yunwar, haushi, hawaye, rawar jiki, rauni. Tare da mummunan hari, raɗaɗi da haɓaka ƙwaƙwalwa yana yiwuwa. Dalilin da ya fi haifar da cutar hypoglycemia shine yawan hauhawar cututtukan hypoglycemic.
Babban sukari na jini yawanci alama ce ta ciwon sukari. Bugu da kari, yana iya zama wata alama ce ta wani aiki mai yawa na glandar thyroid ko glandar adrenal, cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, matsananciyar cuta da cututtukan cututtukan fata, shan magungunan da ke kunshe da jijiyoyin jiki, magungunan anti-mai hana kumburi, diuretics da antihypertensives.
Dogaro da tsananin hyperglycemia yana haifar da irin wannan rikice-rikice:
- Hyperosmolar coma.
- Ketoacidosis a cikin ciwon sukari.
- Rashin daidaituwa.
- Rushewar jini sakamakon lalata bangon jijiyoyin bugun gini.
- Halakar ƙwayar ƙwayar koda tare da haɓakar rashin cinikin na koda.
- Rage hangen nesa saboda ilimin cututtukan fata na retina.
Tunda jikin saurayi yana da matukar damuwa ga hawa da sauka a cikin sukari na jini, tare da isasshen magani ga abin da ya saɓa wa matakin sukari na jini, waɗannan mara lafiyar sun kasance baya cikin ci gaba ta jiki da ta hankali, 'yan mata na iya samun karkacewa a cikin yanayin haila. Yara sau da yawa suna fama da cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da kuma cututtukan fungal.
Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don fara magani tare da insulin ko kwayoyin a cikin lokaci mai dacewa don rage sukari, rage cin abinci da aikin jiki, da saka idanu na yau da kullum na glycemia da metabolism metabolism.
Abinda ke nuna alamun glucose na jini al'ada ne zai gaya bidiyo a wannan labarin.
