Taimako ga masu fama da cutar siga

Cutar cutar sankara ce daga mummunan tasirin ciwon sukari kan aikin koda. Ma'anar ta haifar da babban rarrabuwa game da gazawar koda kuma yana daya daga cikin rikice-rikice masu cutar ciwon sukari, wanda ke kayyade ci gaba game da mai haƙuri.

Yanayin abin da ya faru

Babu cikakkun bayanai game da abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta a wannan matakin a cikin ci gaban magani. Duk da cewa matsalolin koda ba su da alaƙa da matakan glucose na jini kai tsaye, mafi yawan masu ciwon sukari da ke kan jerin masu jira don haɓakar koda. A wasu halaye, ciwon sukari ba ya haɓaka irin wannan yanayi, saboda haka akwai ra'ayoyi da yawa don abin da ya faru na cutar rashin lafiya ta hanta.

Ka'idodin kimiyya na cigaban cutar:

• Ka'idar halittar jini. Mutanen da suke da takamaiman tsarancin ƙwayar cuta a ƙarƙashin rinjayar hemodynamic da rikice-rikicewar halayyar halayyar cututtukan ƙwayar cutar sankara ciwon sukari na haɓaka cututtukan koda.
• Tsarin rayuwa. Dindindin ko tsawan lokaci mai yawa na sukari na jini (hyperglycemia) yana tsokanar damuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin abubuwan capillaries. Wannan yana haifar da matakan da ba a iya juyawa cikin jiki, musamman, lalata ƙwayar koda.
• Ka'ida mai kwakwalwa. A cikin cututtukan ciwon sukari, ƙwaƙwalwar jini a cikin kodan yana da rauni, wanda ke haifar da samuwar hauhawar cikin jini. A farkon matakan, an samar da hauhawar jini (haɓakar haɓakar fitsari), amma ana maye gurbin wannan yanayin da sauri ta hanyar lalata saboda gaskiyar cewa ana katange hanyoyin ta hanyar tsoka.

Ci gaban ilimin cuta an inganta shi sosai ta hanyar tsawan tsoka, magungunan da ba a sarrafa su ba, shan sigari da sauran halaye marasa kyau, da kurakurai a cikin abinci mai gina jiki, yawan kiba da kumburi a cikin gabobin dake kusa (misali, cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta).

Hakanan an san cewa maza sun fi maza su kirkirar wannan nau'in cutar ta mata fiye da mata. Za'a iya bayanin wannan ta hanyar tsarin halittar jiki, da kuma karancin hukuncin da ya bayar na shawarar da likita ga maganin cutar.

Matsayi na Ciwon Ciwon Mara

Cutar ta danganta da jinkirin ci gaba. A cikin lokuta da ba kasafai ba, cutar ta ci gaba cikin watanni da dama bayan bayyanar cutar sankarar mellitus kuma yawanci ƙarin rikice-rikice na cutar sun taimaka ga wannan. Mafi sau da yawa, wannan yana ɗaukar shekaru, lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka ke ƙaruwa a hankali, yawanci marasa lafiya ba su ma iya lura da rashin jin daɗin da ya bayyana. Don sanin daidai yadda wannan cuta ke tasowa, yakamata a yi gwajin jini da fitsari lokaci-lokaci.

Akwai matakai da yawa na ci gaban cutar:

• Asymptomatic mataki, a cikin abin da pathological alamun cutar suna gaba daya ba ya nan. Iyakar abin da aka sani shine ƙara ƙira a cikin tace ƙyallen. A wannan matakin, matakin microalbuminuria bai wuce 30 MG / rana ba.
• Mataki na farko na Pathology. A wannan lokacin, microalbuminuria ya kasance a matakin da ya gabata (ba fiye da 30 mg / rana ba), amma canje-canje marasa canje-canje a tsarin gabobin sun bayyana. Musamman, ganuwar capillaries sun yi kauri, da kuma abubuwan da ke tattare da kodan, wadanda ke da alhakin samar da jini ga sashin, ya fadada.
• Matsayi na microalbuminuria ko prenephrotic yana tasowa a cikin kimanin shekaru biyar. A wannan lokacin, mai haƙuri ba shi da damuwa da kowane alamu, sai dai in an ɗan ƙara haɓakar hawan jini bayan motsa jiki. Hanya guda daya da za'a iya yanke hukunci game da cutar zai zama maganin urinalysis, wanda zai iya nuna karuwar albuminuria a cikin kewayon daga 20 zuwa 200 MG / ml a cikin wani yanki na fitsari safe.
• Matsayi na nephrotic shima yana tasowa a hankali. Ana lura da Proteinuria (furotin a cikin fitsari) akai-akai, gutsuttsuran jini lokaci-lokaci suna bayyana. Hauhawar jini kuma ya zama na yau da kullun, tare da kumburi da anemia. Abun kirfa a wannan lokacin yana ɗaukar karuwa a ESR, cholesterol, alpha-2 da beta-globulins, beta lipoproteins. Lokaci-lokaci, urea mai haƙuri da matakan creatinine suna ƙaruwa.
• An bayyana matakin tashar jirgin kasa ta hanyar ci gaban lalacewa na koda. Tacewa da aikin tattarawar hanta ya ragu sosai, wanda ke haifar da canje-canje a cikin kwayoyin halittar. A cikin fitsari, an gano furotin, jini har ma da abubuwan silsila, waɗanda ke nuna ɓarnar lalacewar tsarin motsa jiki.

Yawancin lokaci, ci gaban cutar zuwa matakin tashar yana ɗaukar shekaru biyar zuwa ashirin. Idan an dauki matakan da suka dace don kula da kodan, za'a iya guje ma yanayi mai mahimmanci. Bayyanar cututtuka da lura da cutar tana da wahala asymptomatic farko, saboda a farkon matakai ne masu fama da cutar sankarar mahaifa ke yanke hukunci ne kwatsam. Abin da ya sa, tare da nazarin cututtukan sukari, ya zama dole a kula da ƙididdigar fitsari kuma a kai a kai gwajin da ake buƙata.

Abubuwa masu Hadarin da ke haifar da Ciwon Mara na Ciwon Mara

Duk da cewa manyan abubuwanda ke haifar da bayyanar cutar dole ne a neme su a cikin ayyukan tsarin cikin gida, sauran dalilai na iya kara hadarin bunkasa irin wannan ilimin. Lokacin da kake sarrafa marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari, yawancin likitoci ba tare da gajiyawa ba da shawarar su sa ido a kan yanayin tsarin ƙwayar cuta kuma suna gudanar da gwaje-gwaje a kai a kai tare da ƙwararrun kwararrun likitocin (nephrologist, urologist, da sauransu).

Abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban cutar:

• Ruwan jini na yau da kullun da ba'a sarrafa shi ba;
• Cutar rashin lafiyan da ba ta haifar da ƙarin matsaloli (matakin haemoglobin da ke ƙasa da 130 a cikin marasa lafiyar);
• Hawan jini, bugun jini;
• Choarin cholesterol da triglycerides a cikin jini;
• Shan taba da kuma shan giya (abubuwan maye).

Kyakkyawan salon rayuwa da abinci, kazalika da tallafi mai ƙarfi don daidaita matakan sukari na jini, zai taimaka rage mummunan tasirin.

Alamomin cutar

Ma'anar ciwo a farkon matakin zai taimaka wajen gudanar da lafiya cikin aminci, amma matsalar ita ce farkon cutar asymptomatic. Bugu da kari, wasu manuniya na iya nuna wasu matsalolin rashin lafiya. Musamman, alamun bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta suna kama da cututtuka irin su pyelonephritis na kullum, glomerulonephritis, ko tarin fuka. Duk waɗannan cututtukan za'a iya rarrabe su azaman na yara na yara, sabili da haka, don ingantaccen ganewar asali, cikakken bincike ya zama dole.

Alamomin cutar:

• Increaseara yawan jini a cikin jini - hauhawar jini;
• Rashin damuwa da jin zafi a cikin ƙananan baya;
• Cutar ƙarancin rashin ƙarfi na bambance-bambancen karatu, wani lokacin a cikin latent form;
• Rashin narkewar abinci, tashin zuciya da kuma rashin ci;
• Gajiya, bacci da rauni gaba ɗaya;
• Kumburi daga wata gabar jiki da fuska, musamman zuwa ƙarshen rana.
• Mutane da yawa marasa lafiya suna koka game da bushe fata, itching da rashes a kan fuska da jiki.

A wasu halayen, alamomin na iya kama da na masu cutar siga, don haka marasa lafiya basa kula da su. Ya kamata a sani cewa duk masu ciwon sukari ya kamata a lokaci-lokaci suna da fuska na musamman waɗanda ke nuna kasancewar furotin da jini a cikin fitsari. Wadannan alamomin su ma alamun halayyar ci gaba ne na kasala, wanda zai taimaka wajen tantance cutar da wuri-wuri.

Cutar cutar sankarau na cutar kansa

Gano cutar a farkon matakin zai taimaka wajen tuntuɓar ƙwararren lokaci - masanin ilimin ƙwayar cuta. Baya ga nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje da ke taimakawa wajen tantance fitsari da sigogin jini a cikin marassa lafiya, ana amfani da kayan aiki na musamman da kuma binciken microscopic na kyallen kwayoyin jikin da abin ya shafa. Don tabbatar da ingantaccen ganewar asali, zaku iya aiwatar da matakai da yawa, iri iri da kuma dacewar su wanda likita ya ƙayyade.

Me zai taimaka wajen gano cutar:

• Nazarin duban dan tayi na kodan. Nau'in gwaji mai ban tsoro da ba da labari. Duban dan tayi ya nuna yiwuwar cigaban kwayoyin halittar, canji a girma, fasali da kuma yanayin yadda ake yin katuwar koda.
• Dopplerography na tasoshin kodan. An aiwatar dashi don sanin iya magana da gano yiwuwar cututtukan cututtukan da ke haifar da kumburi.
• Biopsy na ƙwayar koda. Ana yinsa ne a karkashin maganin sa barci, ana yin nazarin bayanan ne a karkashin wani madubi don gano alamun cutar.

An ƙayyade adadin filt ɗin duniya ba tare da lalacewa ba (a farkon cutar, yana ƙaruwa, sannan sannu a hankali ya tsaya gabaɗaya), kazalika mai nuna albuminuria. Ana yin lissafin ƙimar al'ada ne bisa ga tsari na musamman (alal misali, a cikin manya CKD-EPI, MDRD, Cockcroft-Gault, a cikin yara ƙirar Schwartz). Yawancin magunguna suna da gwaje-gwaje na gida don tantance ƙididdigar fitsari na al'ada. Duk da gaskiyar cewa tasirin su bai yi yawa sosai ba, har ma da irin wannan bincike zai taimaka wajen gano matsalolin da za su iya faruwa, bayan haka zaku iya bibiyar gwajin kwararru a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Ciwon Mara na Ciwon Mara

Babban ayyukan an yi niyya ne bisa daidaitaccen sukari na jini da kuma kula da jiki gaba ɗaya. Yawancin matakai na rayuwa a cikin mellitus na ciwon sukari suna faruwa gaba ɗaya daban, wanda ke haifar da rauni na gani, lalata jijiyoyin jiki da sauran matsalolin halayyar. A farkon matakan cutar, akwai damar gaske don daidaita halin da abinci da diyya ga masu ciwon sukari.

Matakan rigakafin ci gaban masu ciwon sukari:

• Tabbatar da hawan jini;
• Gudanar da matakin sukari;
• Salt-free da abinci abinci;
• Rage cholesterol na jini;
• Karyatar da munanan halaye;
• Ana iya samun aiki ta jiki;
• Rashin shan magungunan da ke shafar aikin kodan;
• Ziyara ta yau da kullun ga likitan nephrologist da gwaji.

Lokacin da alamun halayyar suka bayyana, matakan rigakafin su kadai ba zai isa ba, don haka yakamata ku nemi likitan ku game da magunguna masu dacewa. Bugu da kari, ya zama dole a sa ido kan fitsari da kirdadon jini don tabbatar da tasirin magani.

Magunguna sun hada da:

• Angaukar angiotensin da ke canza masu hana enzyme (ACE). Waɗannan sun haɗa da kwayoyi kamar Enalapril, Ramipril da Thrandolapril.
• Musamman masu karɓar karɓar raɗaɗi don angiotensin (ARA). Daga cikin shahararrun: Irbesartan, Valsartan, Losartan.
• Don kula da tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, ana amfani da wakilai waɗanda ke daidaita abubuwan rage karfin jini.
• Tare da lalacewar koda mai rauni, ana bada shawara don shan magungunan detoxifying, sihiri da wakilan anti-azotemic.
• Don haɓaka matakin haemoglobin, ana amfani da magunguna na musamman, kazalika da wasu hanyoyin madadin. Yin amfani da takardar sayan magani dole ne a yarda da likitanka.
• Diuretics zai taimaka a cikin yaƙin ƙwayoyin cuta, tare da rage yawan ruwan da ake ci.

Wadannan kudade suna daidaita tsarin jini da hauhawar jini, rage karfin jini da rage jinkirin ci gaba da cutar. Idan ilimin likita kadai bai isa ba, ana batun batun ƙarin hanyoyin Cardinal na tallafin koda.

Mara Lafiya

Symptomsamalan bayyanar cututtuka na incipient renal gazawar ba kawai lalata gwaje-gwaje gwaje-gwaje, amma kuma yanayin mai haƙuri. A ƙarshen ƙarshen cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cutar hanta, aikin koda yana da rauni sosai, saboda haka sauran hanyoyin magance matsalar suna buƙatar yin la'akari.

Hanyoyin Cardinal sune:

• Ciwon ciki ko koda. Yana taimakawa wajen cire kayan lalata daga jiki. Ana maimaita hanya bayan kusan kwana ɗaya, irin wannan taimakon mai amfani yana taimaka wa mai haƙuri ya zauna tare da wannan cutar ta dogon lokaci.
• Tsarin diyya. A ɗan kadan daban-daban manufa fiye da hemodialysis hardware. Ana aiwatar da irin wannan hanyar a ɗan lokaci kaɗan (kusan kowane kwana uku zuwa biyar) kuma baya buƙatar kayan aikin likita.
• Juyawa tayi. Canza ɓangaren mai bayarwa don haƙuri. Ayyukan tasiri, abin takaici, har yanzu ba a gama gari sosai a ƙasarmu ba.

A cikin matakai na gaba na cutar, marasa lafiya suna da raguwar buƙatar insulin. Wannan wata alama ce mai firgitarwa game da ci gaban cuta. Abin da ya sa yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da matakan sukari na al'ada. A wannan matakin, har ma ana tura marasa lafiyar marasa aikin insulin zuwa wurin da ya dace.

Prognosis don ciwon sukari nephropathy

Duk da abubuwan da aka tsara musamman don yin rigakafi da lura da cutar ta masu ciwon suga, yawancin masu cutar sukari suna fuskantar munanan sakamakon wannan cutar. A wasu halaye, hanya guda kawai don ceton ran mai haƙuri ita ce a sami tallafin ƙwayar cutar koda. Irin waɗannan ayyukan suna da fasali da yawa, tsawon lokacin farfadowa da babban farashi. Bugu da ƙari, haɗarin sake haɓaka cutar nephropathy yana da girma sosai, don haka ya fi kyau kar a ƙaddamar da canjin cutar zuwa wani matakin ci gaba.

Hasashen marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar sankarau ne na kwarai. Cutar na tasowa sannu a hankali, kuma idan kun bi shawarar likitan kuma kuyi maganin sukari, marassa lafiya bazasu ma san irin waɗannan matsalolin ba.

Nephropathy a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus yana faruwa sau da yawa, yayin da ba wanda ya san ainihin ƙudurin dalilin abubuwan da ke haifar da irin wannan ilimin. An sani cewa tare da haɓaka matakan sukari na jini, gazawar koda na haɓaka sau da yawa, kuma ƙarin abubuwan da ke haifar da takaici suna ba da gudummawa ga wannan. Don ware ci gaban lalacewar ƙwayar cutar koda da kuma haɗarin mutuwa, ya wajaba a kula da sigogin fitsari, kazalika da yin amfani da magani don magance sukari na jini.