Me yasa nau'in 1 da nau'in 2 ciwon sukari ya bayyana

Bayan wucewa da gwaje-gwaje da yawa, sun sami ciwo mai ban tsoro da magani tsawon rai, duk masu ciwon sukari suna tambayar kansu: "Me yasa ni? Shin wannan za'a iya guje masa? Amsar ba ta da kyau: a mafi yawan lokuta, ana iya hana cutar ta hanyar sanin abin da ya sa ciwon sukari ke faruwa da kuma daukar matakin da ya dace.

Nau'in cuta na 2, wanda aka gano a cikin 90% na marasa lafiya, galibi shine sakamakon rayuwarmu. Ba abin mamaki ba shekaru da yawa ana ɗaukarsa cutar cuta ce ta masu arziki, kuma yanzu an ƙara samun ta a cikin ƙasashe masu daidaitaccen yanayin rayuwa. Rashin motsi, abinci mai ladabi, kiba - duk waɗannan sanadin ciwon sukari muke shirya wa kanmu. Amma yanayin rayuwarmu ba shi da wani tasiri kan ci gaban nau'in cuta ta 1, babu ingantacciyar hanyar rigakafin tukuna.

Abinda ke haifar da ciwon sukari

Yawan masu ciwon sukari a duniya yana ƙaruwa koyaushe. Cutar na tasowa a cikin mutane na kowane zamani, ba shi da kabilanci da jinsi. Abinda aka saba ga duk masu haƙuri shine babban matakin glucose a cikin tasoshin. Wannan ita ce babbar alamar cutar sankara, in ba tare da ita ba za a gano cutar. Dalilin cin zarafin shine karancin insulin, hormone wanda ke tsarkake jinin glucose, yana motsa motsi cikin sel. Abin sha'awa, wannan rashi na iya zama cikakke kuma dangi.

Ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini zai zama abin da ya wuce

• Normalization na sukari -95%
• Cirewa kan jijiyoyin mara wuya - 70%
• Cire zuciyar mai karfin zuciya -90%
• Rabu da cutar hawan jini - 92%
• Increasearuwar kuzarin rana, inganta bacci da dare -97%

Tare da cikakken insulin daina yin aiki a cikin farji. Tare da dangi, ƙarfe kuma yana aiki lafiya, kuma matakin insulin a cikin jini yana da girma, kuma ƙwayoyin sun ƙi yarda da shi kuma da taurin kai basu barin glucose a ciki. Ana lura da raunin dangi a farkon nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, cikakke - a farkon halarta na farko na nau'in 1 da kuma nau'in cutar ta tsawo. Bari muyi kokarin gano menene dalilai ke haifar da irin wannan sakamako kuma mu tsokani cigaban ciwon sukari.

Type 1 ciwon sukari

An hada shi da insulin a cikin sel na musamman tsarin - sel sel, wanda suke a cikin sashin bayan farji - wutsiya. A cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, an lalata ƙwayoyin beta, wanda ke dakatar da samar da insulin. Yawan sukari na jini yana ƙaruwa yayin da sama da kashi 80% na sel suka shafi. Har zuwa wannan lokacin, tsari yana faruwa ba a lura da shi ba, sauran sel masu lafiyayyan suna daukar ayyukan waɗanda aka lalata.

A matakin girma na sukari, kowane magani ya riga ya zama mara amfani, hanya guda daya ta fita shine insulin maye gurbin maganin. Zai yuwu a gano tsarin lalacewa a farkon matakin kawai ta hanyar kwatsam, alal misali, yayin gwaji kafin tiyata. A wannan yanayin, zaku iya rage ci gaban ciwon sukari tare da taimakon immunomodulators.

An rarraba nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari zuwa kashi biyu, dangane da sanadin lalacewar ƙwayoyin beta:

1. 1A yana faruwa ta hanyar aiki mai amfani da kansa. Da wuya magana, wannan kuskure ne daga kariyarmu, wanda yayi la'akari da sel ɗinsa kuma ya fara aiki akan halakar su. A lokaci guda, sel kusa da alpha sel suna haɓaka glucagon da ƙwayoyin delta waɗanda ke samar da somatostatin ba su wahala. Saurin aiwatarwa a cikin mutane daban-daban ya bambanta sosai, alamu na iya bayyana bayan 'yan watanni, kuma bayan mako guda. Babban alamar da ke haɗaka da farawa na ciwon sukari mellitus 1A shine kasancewar halayen autoantibodies daban-daban a cikin jini. Mafi yawancin lokuta, ana samun rigakafin kwayoyin zuwa tsibirin islet (80% na lokuta) da kuma insulin (50%). Bayan an kammala aikin rigakafi, tsarin autoimmune ya tsaya, saboda haka, tare da tsawan ciwon sukari, ba'a gano ƙwayoyin rigakafi ba.
2. Ana kiran 1B idiopathic, yana faruwa a 10% na marasa lafiya. Yana da haɓaka ta asali: dakatarwar insulin, ƙwanƙwasa jini ya haɓaka, duk da kasancewar babu alamun aikin ciwan kansa. Abinda ke haifar da ciwon sukari 1B har yanzu ba a sani ba.

Ciwon sukari na 1 wani cuta ne na matasa da ke da rigakafi mai ƙarfi, yawancin lokaci yakan fara halarta a cikin samartaka. Bayan shekaru 40, haɗarin wannan nau'in ciwon sukari yayi ƙima. Cututtukan cututtuka, musamman rubella, mumps, mononucleosis, hepatitis, na iya zama sanadin. Akwai tabbaci cewa halayen rashin lafiyan, damuwa, ƙwayar cuta ta yau da kullun da cututtukan fungal na iya haifar da tsarin autoimmune.

Masana kimiyya sun bayyanar da wani halin gado game da ci gaban cutar 1. Samun dangi na kusa da ciwon sukari yana ƙara haɗarin ta hanyar umarni mai girma. Idan ɗaya daga cikin mutane biyu da ke da cutar sankara guda (tagwaye) sun kamu da ciwon sukari, a cikin 25-50% na lokuta zai faru a karo na biyu. Duk da tabbatacciyar alaƙa da kwayoyin halittar jini, 2/3 na masu ciwon sukari basu da dangi mara lafiya.

Type 2 ciwon sukari

Babu wata ka'idar da aka yarda da ita gaba ɗaya me yasa nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ya bayyana. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yanayin cutar iri-iri. An samo hanyar haɗi tare da lahani na ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma tare da salon rayuwar marasa lafiya.

A kowane hali, farkon ciwon sukari yana tare da:

• jurewar insulin - cin zarafin amsawar sel zuwa insulin;
• matsaloli tare da insulin kira. Na farko, akwai bata lokaci idan babban adadin glucose ya shiga jini, ana iya gano shi ta amfani da gwajin haƙuri a cikin suga. Sannan akwai canje-canje a cikin samar da insulin basal, wanda shine dalilin da yasa sukari mai azumi ke tsiro. Loadarin hauhawar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana haifar da raguwa a cikin adadin ƙwayoyin beta, har zuwa dakatar da aikin insulin. An kafa shi: mafi kyawun ciwon sukari ana rama shi, ƙwayoyin beta mafi tsayi za su yi aiki, daga baya mai haƙuri zai buƙaci maganin insulin.

Abinda take hakki na iya faruwa:

Farkon cutar sankarau a cikin maza da mata

A cikin duka duniya, ana lura da mellitus na sukari tare da iri ɗaya a cikin maza da mata. Dogaro da haɗarin cutar a kan jima'in mutum za'a iya samo shi ne kawai a cikin wasu rukunin shekaru:

• a ƙarami, haɗarin kamuwa da rashin lafiya ya fi yawa cikin maza. Wannan ya faru ne saboda halayen rarraba mai a jiki. Ga maza, nau'in kiba na ciki (kitse mai kiba) halayya ce. A cikin mata, da farko, kwatangwalo da gindi sun haɓaka, an sanya mai mai ƙarancin haɗari - subcutaneous. A sakamakon haka, maza masu ɗauke da BMI na 32 da mata masu ɗauke da BMI na 34 suna da yanayin kamuwa da cutar gudawa;
• bayan shekaru 50, kaso na mata masu fama da ciwon sukari na 2 suna tashi sosai, wanda ake dangantawa da farawar menopause. Wannan lokacin shine yawanci tare da rage karfin metabolism, karuwa a jiki kuma karuwa a yawan lipids a cikin jini. A halin yanzu, akwai hali zuwa menopauseuse, saboda haka, rikicewar carbohydrate a cikin mata suma sun zama ƙarami;
• Nau'in nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 a cikin mata yana farawa sama da na maza. Rashin haɗarin yara na mata dabam dabam sun bayyana:

Kamar yadda ake iya gani daga tebur, yawancin 'yan matan suna yin rashin lafiya a lokacin da suke makaranta. A cikin yara maza, ganiya gangara ta kan saurayi.

• mata sun fi maza kamuwa da cututtukan kansa, don haka 1A ciwon sukari ya fi yawa a cikin su;
• maza sun fi mace yawan amfani da giya, yayin da karancin kulawa ga matsayin lafiya. Sakamakon haka, suna haifar da cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata na jiki - m kumburi a cikin farji. Cutar sankarar mellitus na iya faruwa idan tsawan raunin ya ninka zuwa ƙwayoyin beta;

Abinda ke haifar da ciwon sukari a cikin yara

Babban abin da ya faru a cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari yana faruwa a cikin lokuta 2: daga haihuwa zuwa shekaru 6 kuma daga 10 zuwa 14 shekaru. A wannan lokacin ne abubuwanda ke haifar da motsa jiki wanda ke ba da nauyi ga cututtukan fata da tsarin garkuwar jiki. Ana ba da shawarar cewa a cikin jarirai sanadin hakan na iya zama ciyar da mutum, musamman tare da madara saniya ko mai daɗin ji. Cututtukan kamuwa da cuta suna da babban tasiri ga rigakafi.

Surgeunƙarin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin samari yana faruwa ne ta hanyar canje-canje na hormonal, karuwa a cikin ayyukan hormones, antagonists na insulin. A lokaci guda, ikon yara don tsayayya da damuwa yana raguwa, juriya na insulin na halitta ya bayyana.

Shekaru da yawa, cutar type 2 a lokacin ƙuruciya tana da matuƙar wuya. A cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata, yawan yara marasa lafiya a Turai sun ƙaru sau 5, akwai yuwuwar ci gaba. Kamar yadda yake a cikin manya, abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon sukari sune kiba, rashin motsa jiki, da haɓaka ƙarancin jiki.

Wani bincike game da salon rayuwa ya nuna cewa yara na zamani sun maye gurbin wasanni masu aiki tare da wasannin kwamfuta. Yanayin abinci na matasa ya canza sosai. Idan akwai zaɓi, ana fifiko ga samfuran da ke da kalori mai yawa, amma ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki: kayan ciye-ciye, abinci mai sauri, kayan zaki. Barungiyar cakulan ta zama abun ciye-ciye na al'ada, wanda ba a zata ba a ƙarni na ƙarshe. Sau da yawa tafiya zuwa gidan abinci mai sauri yana zama hanyar lada ga yaro saboda nasarorin, don bikin murnar da ya faru wanda ya shafi ɗabi'ar cin abincinsa a lokacin samartaka da girma.