Gwajin haƙuri a jiki shine nazari na musamman wanda zai baka damar duba ayyukan ƙwayar cutar. Gwajin sa yana girgiza zuwa gaskiyar cewa wani kashi na glucose yana shiga cikin jiki kuma bayan awa 2 jini yana zubarwa don bincike. Hakanan ana iya kiran wannan gwajin a matsayin gwajin-yawan suga-glucose, nauyin sukari, GTT, da GNT.
A cikin ƙwayar mutum, an samar da hormone na musamman, insulin, wanda ke iya ɗanɗana matsayin ƙarfin sukari a cikin jini ya rage shi. Idan mutum yana da ciwon sukari, to kashi 80 ko 90 cikin dari na dukkanin ƙwayoyin beta za su shafa.
Gwajin haƙuri na gwajin cuta na baka ne da na ciki, nau'in na biyu kuma yana da saukin ganewa.
Wanene ya nuna gwajin glucose?
Dole ne a yi gwajin haƙuri na glucose don tsayayya da sukari a matakin al'ada da kuma iyakar glucose matakan. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don rarrabe mellitus na ciwon sukari da kuma gano matsayin haƙuri haƙuri. Hakanan ana iya kiran wannan yanayin cutar sankara.
Bugu da ƙari, ana iya ba da umarnin gwajin haƙuri na glucose ga waɗanda suka yi aƙalla sau ɗaya sun kamu da hyperglycemia yayin yanayi mai damuwa, alal misali, bugun zuciya, bugun jini, huhu. GTT za'a yi shi ne kawai bayan an daidaita yanayin rashin lafiyar mutum.
Yayin da yake magana game da al'ada, mai nuna alama mai kyau akan komai a ciki zai kasance daga mil 3.3 zuwa 5.5 a kowace lita na jinin mutum, a haɗa. Idan sakamakon gwajin ya kasance adadi sama da milliyan 5,6, to a irin wannan yanayi za muyi magana game da wahalar glycemia, kuma a sakamakon 6.1, ciwon sukari yana tasowa.
Me ya kamata kula ta musamman ga?
Zai dace a san cewa sakamakon da aka saba amfani da su na glucose ba zai zama alamu ba. Zasu iya samarda sakamako na matsakaita, kuma ana bada shawarar ne kawai yayin maganin masu cutar sukari don sarrafa matakin glucose a cikin jinin mai haƙuri.
Kada mu manta cewa ana yin gwajin gwajin jini daga jijiya ta hanci da yatsa a lokaci guda, kuma akan komai a ciki. Bayan cin abinci, ana shan ƙoshin sukari daidai, wanda ke haifar da raguwa a matakin sa har zuwa miliyan 2.
Jarabawar jarabawa ce mai tsananin damuwa kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka bada shawarar sosai kar a fitar da shi ba tare da buƙatar ta musamman ba.
Ga wanda gwajin ya contraindicated
Babban abubuwan da ake amfani da su don gwajin haƙuri na gwajin sun hada da:
- mummunan yanayin gaba daya;
- tafiyar matakai masu kumburi a jiki;
- keta cin abincin abinci bayan tiyata a kan ciki;
- cututtukan acid da cutar ta Crohn;
- kaifi ciki;
- haɓakar bugun jini, huhun hanji da ciwon zuciya;
- malfunctions a cikin aiki na al'ada na hanta;
- kasa wadatar magnesium da potassium;
- amfani da steroids da glucocorticosteroids;
- hana daukar ciki;
- Cutar ta Cushing;
- hawan jini;
- liyafar beta-blockers;
- acromegaly;
- pheochromocytoma;
- shan phenytoin;
- thiazide diuretics;
- amfani da acetazolamide.
Yaya za a shirya jikin don gwajin haƙuri mai inganci mai ƙarfi?
Don sakamakon gwajin gwajin juriya tsakanin glucose ya zama daidai, ya zama dole a gaba, watau 'yan kwanaki kafin hakan, don cin abinci kawai waɗannan abincin da ke tattare da yanayin al'ada ko haɓaka carbohydrates.
Muna magana ne game da abincin da abun cikin su ya kasance daga giram 150 ko fiye. Idan kun bi tsarin abinci mai ƙarancin carbi kafin gwaji, to wannan zai zama babban kuskure, saboda sakamakon zai zama mai nuna ƙarancin ƙima na matakin sukari na mai haƙuri.
Bugu da kari, kimanin kwanaki 3 kafin binciken da aka gabatar, ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da irin wadannan magungunan ba: maganin hana haihuwa, thiazide diuretics, da glucocorticosteroids. Aƙalla awanni 15 kafin GTT, bai kamata ku sha giya ku ci abinci ba.
Yaya ake gudanar da gwajin?
Ana yin gwajin haƙuri na sukari don sukari da safe akan komai a ciki. Hakanan, kar a sha taba sigari kafin gwajin kuma kafin ƙarshen shi.
Da farko, ana ɗaukar jini daga jijiya na ciki a kan komai a ciki. Bayan wannan, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya sha 75 grams na glucose, a baya an narkar da shi a cikin mil 300 na tsarkakakken ruwa ba tare da gas ba. Ya kamata a cinye dukkan ruwayen a cikin mintuna 5.
Idan muna magana ne game da nazarin yara, to a wannan yanayin ana fasa glucose a cikin nauyin 1.75 na kilogram na nauyin yara, kuma kuna buƙatar sanin menene matakin sukari na jini a cikin yara. Idan nauyinta ya wuce kilogiram 43, to ana buƙatar ma'aunin takaddara don balagagge.
Ana buƙatar auna matakan glucose kowane rabin sa'a don hana tsallake kogin suga. A kowane irin lokaci, matakinsa bai wuce milimo 10 ba.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa yayin gwajin glucose, ana nuna duk wani aiki na jiki, kuma ba kawai kwance ko zaune a wuri ɗaya ba.
Me yasa za ku sami sakamakon gwajin da ba daidai ba?
Wadannan abubuwan zasu iya haifar da sakamako mara kyau na karya:
- ƙoshin glucose a cikin jini;
- cikakken ƙuntatawa na mutum a cikin carbohydrates a ranar Hauwa da gwajin;
- yawan motsa jiki.
Ana iya samun sakamako na tabbatacce na ƙarya idan:
- tsawan Azumi na mai haƙuri;
- saboda yanayin pastel.
Yaya ake tantance sakamakon gwajin glucose?
A cewar Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya ta 1999, sakamakon da wani gwajin haƙuri da aka yi a kan jinin dukkan alamu na jini ya nuna sune:
18 MG / dl = 1 Milimole a kowace lita na jini,
100 MG / dl = 1 g / l = 5.6 mmol,
dl = deciliter = 0.1 l.
A kan komai a ciki:
- za a yi la'akari da al'ada: kasa da 5.6 mmol / l (ƙasa da 100 mg / dl);
- tare da glycemia na azumi mai rauni: farawa daga mai nuna 5.6 zuwa 6.0 millimoles (daga 100 zuwa ƙasa da 110 mg / dL);
- don ciwon sukari: ƙa'idar ta fi 6.1 mmol / l (fiye da 110 mg / dl).
2 sa'o'i bayan shan glucose:
- na yau da kullun: ƙasa da milliyan 7.8 (ƙasa da 140 mg / dl);
- rashi mara kyau: daga matakin 7.8 zuwa 10.9 mmol (farawa daga 140 zuwa 199 mg / dl);
- ciwon sukari: sama da Mil 11 (mafi girma ko daidai yake da 200 mg / dl).
Lokacin kafa matakin sukari daga jinin da aka karɓa daga ƙwayar mara nauyi, a kan komai a ciki, alamomin zasu zama iri ɗaya, kuma bayan sa'o'i 2 wannan adadi zai zama 6.7-9.9 mmol kowace lita.
Gwajin ciki
Gwajin maganin haƙuri da aka bayyana za a gauraye shi da ba daidai ba tare da wanda aka yi a cikin mata masu juna biyu a lokacin daga 24 zuwa 28 makonni. An umurce shi da likitan ilimin mahaifa don gano abubuwan haɗari don cututtukan bacci a cikin mata masu juna biyu. Bugu da kari, irin wannan cutar za a iya ba da shawarar ta hanyar endocrinologist.
A cikin aikin likita, akwai zaɓuɓɓukan gwaji daban-daban: sa'a daya, sa'a biyu da wacce aka tsara don 3 hours. Idan zamuyi magana game da waɗancan alamun da ya kamata a saita lokacin shan jini a cikin komai a ciki, to waɗannan zasu zama lambobi ba ƙasa da 5.0.
Idan mace a cikin halin da ake ciki tana da ciwon sukari, to a wannan yanayin alamun za su yi magana game da shi:
- bayan awa 1 - fiye ko daidai da milliyan 10.5;
- bayan sa'o'i 2 - fiye da 9.2 mmol / l;
- bayan 3 hours - fiye ko daidai yake da 8.
A lokacin daukar ciki, yana da matukar muhimmanci a sanya idanu a kan matakin sukari na jini, saboda a wannan matsayin yaro a cikin mahaifar yana fuskantar nauyin sau biyu, kuma musamman, kumburinsa. Ari daɗi, kowa yana sha'awar wannan tambaya game da shin ko an gāji ciwon sukari.
