A cikin kodan, ana tace glucose ta cikin glomeruli. Amma, duk da wannan, a cikin tubules na koda, yana kasancewa cikin jini gabaɗaya idan mutum yana da koshin lafiya. Wannan yana nuna cewa a cikin mutane masu lafiya, bai kamata a gano glucose a cikin fitsari ba. Zai iya ƙunsar kawai ragowar albarkatunsa, waɗanda ba a ƙayyade su ba yayin nazarin ƙwayoyin halittar fata ko kuma nazarin fitsari gaba ɗaya.
Yawan taro a cikin jini na iya nuna yanayin rashin lafiya. Matsayi na yau da kullun, ƙarancin al'ada na wannan alamar shine lambobi daga 8.8 zuwa 9.9 mmol / lita. Idan adadin sukari a cikin jini ya hauhawa, to, tubules na koda ba zai iya ɗaukar nauyinsu ba kuma ba zai iya mayar da duk glucose a cikin jini ba.
Sakamakon haka, glucose yana nan a cikin fitsari, kuma wannan yanayin a magani ana kiran shi glucosuria. Tare da shekaru, raguwa na sannu-sannu a ƙayyadadden matakin sukari na jini yana faruwa, kuma wannan ƙa'idodin zai iya raguwa tare da cututtukan koda daban-daban.
Dangane da abubuwan da aka ambata, kasancewar sukari a cikin fitsari ya kasance ne saboda haɓakar abun ciki a cikin jini ko raguwa a ƙwanƙwarar renal, a kowane yanayi, an keta ƙa'idar. Likitocin sun rarraba glucosuria cikin siffofin da yawa:
- Alimentary glucosuria - yana haɓaka saboda amfani da abinci wanda ya ƙunshi yawancin carbohydrates, wanda ke nufin cewa matakan sukari na jini ya tashi a taƙaice.
- Shafin glucosuria - ana iya tantance sukari a cikin fitsari sakamakon yanayi na damuwa.
- Extrarenal glucosuria tsari ne wanda ake magana dashi wanda glucose a cikin fitsari ya bayyana tare da haɓaka abubuwan da ke cikin jini.
Hakanan, wani lokacin sukari a cikin fitsari na iya yin jinkiri yayin daukar ciki a cikin mata.
Gano glucose a cikin gwajin fitsari na iya hade da dalilai da yawa. Misali, hakan na faruwa ne tare da ciwon sukari kuma anan ga ka'idar sukari tuni ya nuna wata cuta. A wannan yanayin, sukari a cikin fitsari an ƙaddara shi ga marassa lafiya ko da a cikin kasala mai ƙarfi a cikin jini.
Mafi sau da yawa wannan na iya faruwa tare da mellitus na sukari-dogara da ciwon sukari. A cikin tubules na koda, ana iya amfani da sukari a cikin jini kawai lokacin da aka fallasa shi da wani enzyme na musamman da ake kira hexokinase (tsarin phosphorylation yana faruwa).
Amma tare da ciwon sukari, ana iya kunna wannan enzyme kawai tare da taimakon insulin. Abin da ya sa a cikin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 1, yawanci ƙarar koda yana raguwa. Idan ayyukan sclerotic suna haɓaka a cikin kyallen na kodan, to ko da tare da babban matakin glucose a cikin jini, ba za a gano shi a cikin fitsari ba.
Soda a cikin fitsari kuma na iya fitowa a sakamakon kamuwa da ciwon ciki. Hakanan, adadin wasu cututtuka na iya haifar da bayyanar glucose a cikin fitsari.
Glucosuria na asalin asali na iya faruwa sakamakon ayyukan ciwace-ciwace a cikin kwakwalwa, meningitis, bugun jini, encephalitis, da raunin kai.
Endocrine glucosuria sakamako ne sakamakon karuwar thyroxine, hormone girma, glucocorticosteroids da adrenaline. Ciwon zazzabi na haifar da cututtukan glucose da ke fama da zazzabi tare da zazzabi.
Bugu da ƙari, guba tare da wasu abubuwa (morphine, chloroform, phosphorus ko strychnine) yana haɓaka glucosuria mai guba, kuma tare da raguwa a ƙofar mafitsara, glucourur na koda.
Hakanan ana rarrabe Primary da sakandare glucosuria. Nau'in na farko yana haɓaka lokacin da yanayin glucose ya faɗi cikin jini ko rashinsa. Sakandare na iya lalacewa ta hanyar nephrosis, pyelonephritis, gazawar na koda, kuma daga nan ne cutar Girke.
Alamar yawan glucose a cikin fitsari tana da matukar muhimmanci, da yadda ta saba, domin yana iya nuna kasancewar kyawawan cututtuka a cikin maza da mata. Sabili da haka, idan mutum ya sami sukari a cikin fitsari, yana buƙatar gaggawa neman taimakon likita.
Sanadin gano glucose a cikin fitsari
Sugar a cikin fitsari na iya bayyana saboda cututtuka iri-iri. Babban abin da ke haifar da wannan abin mamakin shine ƙara yawan haɗuwa da glucose a cikin jini, wani yanki mai rikicewa da keɓaɓɓe ta hanyar kodan ko jinkirtawa cikin juyar da glucose a cikin tubules.
Don ƙarin sanin ainihin abubuwan da suka fi haifar da kasancewar glucose a cikin fitsari, lallai ne a gano cututtukan da ke shafar bayyanar ta.
Da farko dai, wadannan sun hada da:
- ciwon sukari, wani lokacin zazzabin latent,
- mummunan cutar hanta
- cututtukan zuciya
- da kuma mummunan guba tare da chloroform, carbon monoxide, phosphorus ko morphine.
Bugu da kari, glucosuria ta haɓaka tare da haushi daga ƙarshen damuwa na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya saboda cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar hanji, raunin kwakwalwa, raunin hanji, ko matsanancin damuwa.
Daga cikin manyan dalilai, hanyoyin rashi a cikin tubules na koda ko glomeruli wanda ke faruwa a cikin cututtukan m, glomerulonephritis, intephitial nephritis a duka jima'i masu ƙarfi da cikin mata kuma ya kamata a ambata.
Glucose a cikin fitsari a cikin yara
Idan an gano sukari a cikin fitsarin yaro, to wannan yakamata a ɗauka azaman alama ce mai matukar tsoro, tunda yana da haɗari fiye da lokacin da glucose a cikin jini ya hau.
Babban taro na glucose a cikin fitsari a cikin yara yana da dalilai na kansa kuma yana iya nuna yanayin pathological na tsarin endocrine, sabili da haka, a cikin irin wannan yanayin, ya kamata koyaushe ku nemi likita (endocrinologist).
Hakanan, glucosuria na yara na iya faruwa tare da cututtuka na kodan ko cututtukan fata, kuma a wasu lokuta zai iya zama lalacewar farji, bayyanar cututtukan waɗanda zasu bayyana kansu sosai.
A wasu yanayi, gwajin fitsari a cikin yara na iya ba da sakamakon karya, alal misali, dalilin shine cewa a gabanin cewa yaro ya sha dogon lokacin rigakafin ƙwayar cuta, ya ci yawancin alamomi a gabanin gwaje-gwajen, ko kuma ya ɗauki ƙwayar Vitamin mai yawa. Saboda haka, tare da irin wannan sakamakon, likita ya kamata ya fara fitar da dukkan yiwuwar. kurakurai kuma, idan ya cancanta, aika don sake bincikawa.
Alamomin cutar
A cikin maza da mata, al'ada, har ma da alamun glucose, na iya bambanta dangane da shekaru, abinci, salon rayuwa da sauran dalilai da yawa. Idan an lura da karuwar sukari sau ɗaya, to, kada ku damu, amma kuna buƙatar sake farfadowa.
Tare da yawan sukari mai yawa a cikin fitsari, alamomin masu zuwa suna faruwa:
- - karfin ji da ƙishirwa;
- - sha'awar bacci kullun;
- - asarar nauyi mara tsammani;
- - urination akai-akai;
- - haushi da itching a cikin farjin mace;
- - jin gajiya;
- - bushe fata.
Idan aƙalla ɗayan waɗannan alamun ke faruwa, to kuna buƙatar zuwa asibiti, kuyi bincike kuma ku gano cutar, ku faɗi abin da sukari yake ciki ga maza da mata.
Yadda za'a tantance kasancewar sukari a fitsari
Don bincike, kuna buƙatar tattara fitsari safe a cikin kwalbar gilashi mai tsabta, bushe. Volumeaƙƙarwar abu ya kamata ya zama aƙalla mil mil 150.
Dole ne a rufe wannan akwati tare da murfi kuma a kawo shi dakin gwaje-gwaje kamar haka. Kafin tattara fitsari, dole ne a wanke perineum da ruwa mai dumi ta amfani da sabulu mai tsaka tsaki. Dole ne a yi wannan don microorganism masu rushe glucose da sauri kada su shiga fitsari. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa babu wani magana ta ketare a cikin fitsari da aka kawo wa dakin gwaje-gwaje.
Hakanan kuna buƙatar yin ƙoƙarin kawo kayan don bincike ba a ƙarshen sa'o'i shida ba bayan ranar tarin.
Wani lokaci ana buƙatar gwajin fitsari na yau da kullun. Wannan yana nufin cewa a duk tsawon ranar ana tattara fitsari a cikin busasshiyar kwalba, duhu duhu. Wannan bincike yana ba ku damar samun cikakkiyar cikakkiyar bayani game da tattarawar glucose a cikin fitsari. Amma a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, na yawan adadin kayan don binciken, ana daukar milili 150 kawai, wanda za'a aiwatar da ƙarin ayyukan.
A zamanin yau, an tsara wasu hanyoyin don gano sukari a cikin fitsari na maza da mata. Misali, ana amfani da mafita na alamu ko rariyoyi don wannan dalilin. Irin waɗannan hanyoyin ana kiransu hanyoyin gwajin inganci, amma sanannun hanyoyin kuma ana san ku waɗanda za su ba ku damar tantancewa da ƙididdigar yawan adadin glucose a cikin fitsari.
