LDL cholesterol: matakan jini na al'ada

LDL yana da ƙananan ƙwayoyin lipoprotein cholesterol. Shine babban hanyar safarar cholesterol a jikin mutum. Wannan abu mafi yawanci ana alakanta shi da p-lipoproteins, wanda aka kirkira a cikin karamin hanji da hanta.

A cikin jinin mutum, LDL cholesterol yana ɗaukar fats (gami da cholesterol) daga sel zuwa tantanin halitta. Akwai ra'ayi cewa jigon LDL yana da dangantaka da yuwuwar ci gaba da ƙwayar cutar atherosclerosis fiye da matakin cikakken cholesterol. Magani ya yi bayanin wannan ta hanyar cewa ita wannan guntun da ke da alhakin haifar da cholesterol ga dukkan gabobin da jijiyoyin.

Bai wa yanayin yanayin jijiyoyin bugun jini na mahaifa, wanda ya tashi saboda dalilai daban-daban (haɓaka mai ƙarfi, hawan jini, ƙwayar sigari, wacce ta shiga jiki lokacin shan sigari), ana lura da ɓacin rai.

Kwayoyin LDL na ganuwar jijiyoyin jini. Hakanan, an canza su a ƙarƙashin rinjayar yanayin gida na tsari mai kumburi da samuwar filayen atherosclerotic wanda ya takaita lumen a cikin tasoshin kuma yana haifar da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, wanda ke da haɗari musamman ga ciwon sukari mellitus.

Wataƙila abubuwan haɗari don farawar atherosclerosis sun haɗa da:

• shekarun maza daga shekaru 45, da mata daga 55;
• gado (shari'ar bugun zuciya ko mutuwar kwatsam na mutane 'yan kasa da shekara 55 da mata yan kasa da 65);
• ciwon sukari mellitus;
• shan taba;
• hauhawar jini

Idan aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan abubuwan haɗarin ya faru, to, alamun da ake buƙata na LDL cholesterol a cikin jini zai zama waɗanda ke ƙasa da 3.37 μmol / L.

Duk ƙimar da ke cikin kewayon daga 3.37 zuwa 4.12 μmol / L za'a ɗauki su da haɗarin haɗari don haɓaka atherosclerosis matsakaici. Duk waɗannan bayanan da zasu fi 4.14 mmol / l za'a ɗauke su a matsayin babban matakin hadarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya, da kuma atherosclerosis.

Menene mahimmancin nazarin LDL?

Kamar yadda aka fada a baya, karancin lipoprotein cholesterol yana da kusanci sosai da yiwuwar bunkasa atherosclerosis. A saboda wannan dalili, yana da matukar muhimmanci a farko a fara sanin ko ya kasance cikin wani rukuni ne.

Ganin wannan, ya zama dole don ware cholesterol LDL, wanda shine atherogenic a cikin mafi yawan dalilai.

LDL cholesterol yana ɗaukar 2/3 na yawan ƙwayar plasma kuma shine ɓaɓɓe mafi ƙarfi a cikin cholesterol. Abubuwan da ke cikin su na iya kaiwa zuwa 45 ko ma 50 cikin dari.

Ta hanyar ƙayyade beta-cholesterol, likitocin suna yin hakan tare da LDL cholesterol. Girman barbashi zai kasance kusan 21-25 nm, wanda ke ba da damar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cholesterol (HDL) su shiga cikin bangon jijiyoyin jini tare da ƙima-yawa. Idan za a iya cire HDL da sauri daga bangon ta hanyar shingen endothelial, yana taimakawa kawar da mai, to LDL yana jinkirta tsawon lokaci a cikin su. Wannan shi ne saboda dangantakar zaɓaɓɓu don ƙwayoyin tsoka mai santsi da glucose-aminoglycans.

LDL cholesterol shine babban hanyar jigilar cholesterol, wanda yake wajibi ne ga ganuwar sel na jijiyoyin jini. Lokacin da yanayin cututtukan cuta ke faruwa, ta zama tushen tarin cholesterol a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini.

Saboda wannan, a cikin nau'in na biyu na hyperlipoproteinemia, wanda ke haɓaka matakan haɓaka na beta-cholesterol, da wuri kuma ana ambatar atherosclerosis, har ma da cututtukan zuciya na zuciya, sau da yawa ana iya lura.

Gano ƙwayoyin LDL cholesterol ya zama cikakken bayani. Idan an lura da ɓacewa mai mahimmanci daga al'ada, to za mu iya magana game da mummunan matsalolin kiwon lafiya.

Wadanne cututtukan cholesterol ne LDL suke yi?

Akwai alamomi da yawa don nazarin cholesterol LDL, alal misali:

1. atherosclerosis da wasu cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da shi (infarction na zuciya na zuciya, cututtukan zuciya);
2. cutar hanta
3. Nazarin binciken mutum wanda ke faruwa a matsayin wani ɓangare na wasu hanyoyin don gano bayanan furotin na mutum.

Binciken cholesterol na LDL ya zama dole don dubawa ko kuma inganta haɓaka aikin hanta, gami da sassan jikin zuciya. Wannan bincike baya bayar da shiri na musamman.

Kuna buƙatar kawai samar da shi a kan komai a ciki, kuma abincin da ya kamata a yi shi bai wuce sa'o'i 12-14 ba kafin gwajin da aka gabatar.

A cikin dakin likita, za a dauki karin jinni, kuma bincike zai dauki awanni 24.

Yadda za a yanke sakamakon da kanka?

Don sanin sakamakon binciken kafin ziyararka zuwa likitanka, ya kamata ka shafa teburin da ke ƙasa. K; Bugu da kari, akwai na'ura don auna sinadarin cholesterol, ta yadda a gida zaka iya samun amsar abubuwan da ke cikin ta.

Hanyar yanke shawara, wanda aka ɗauka azaman tushe, lissafi ne bisa ga tsarin Friedwald. Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su sun kasance:

• jimlar cholesterol;
• triglycerides;
• HDL cholesterol.

Valuesimar LDL tare da mahimmancin triglyceridemia (mafi girma daga 5.0 - 5.5 mmol / L) za a yi la'akari da rage yawan ƙaryar.

Ka'idojin Tunani:

Idan, sakamakon binciken, an samo bayanai waɗanda suke sama da ka'idodin da aka kafa, to a wannan yanayin zamu iya magana game da cututtuka:

• toshewar hanyar;
• kiba;
• na asali hypercholesterolemia (nau'in hyperlipoproteinemia IA, da kuma nau'ikan IIB), farkon raunuka na tasoshin jijiyoyin jini, jijiyar xanthoma;
• ciwon sukari mellitus;
• hypothyroidism;
• cututtukan nephrotic, da kuma gazawar na koda a cikin Tarihi;
• anorexia nervosa;
• Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome.

Hakanan za a nuna yawan alamu a lokacin daukar ciki, amfani da magunguna (diuretics, hana daukar ciki, androgens, glucocorticosteroids, progestins), kazalika da abincin da aka cika sosai da sinadarin lipids da cholesterol.

Mai nuna alama a ƙasa na al'ada zai iya zama halayyar irin wannan cututtukan:

1. hawan jini;
2. Raunin Reine;
3. na kullum cuta;
4. rashin daidaituwa na metabolism na mai (hypobetaproteinemia, abetaproteinemia, rashi alpha-lipoprotein, rashin LAT (lecithin cholesterol acyl synetatase), nau'in hyperlipoproteinemia 1, rashin lipoprotein lipase cofactor);
5. matsalolin maganin metabolism;
6. m danniya;
7. amosanin gabbai;
8. myeloma
9. matsalolin koda.

Wani irin wannan sakamakon zai samu tare da amfani da wasu ƙwayoyi (lovastatin, interferon, cholestyramine, thyroxine, neomycin, estrogen), tare da rage cin abinci mai wadataccen ƙwayoyin polyunsaturated, amma talaka cikin lipids da cholesterol.