Idan ka yi tambaya game da abin da endocrinologist yake bi, nan da nan za su ambaci cututtukan thyroid da ciwon sukari, kuma za su yi daidai. Koyaya, yanayin ƙwarewar ƙwararrun likitocin suna da faɗi sosai. A cikin wannan kayan za ku sami duk tabbatattun shaidu don wannan.
Wani endocrinologist likita ne wanda ke da alaƙa da ganewar asali, magani da kuma rigakafin duk cututtukan da suka danganci aiki da tsarin endocrine da gabobinsa, sakin jijiyoyin kai tsaye cikin jini ko tsotse.
Aikin endocrinologist shine neman mafita mafi kyau don cikakken aiki na tsarin endocrin da kuma tantance hanyoyin da suka fi dacewa don kawar da matsaloli da gazawar da ta taso ga kowane yanayi.
Idan muka bincika ayyukan wannan kwararrun dalla-dalla, to ya tsunduma cikin masu zuwa:
- Yana gudanar da nazarin tsarin endocrine;
- Yana gudanar da bincike na abubuwan da ake binciken;
- Neman zaɓuɓɓuka don maganin su;
- Yana kawar da sakamako masu illa da cututtuka masu dangantaka.
Saboda haka, likitan ilimin likita endocrinologist yana magance duk cututtukan da suka tashi sakamakon rashin daidaituwa na hormonal. Hormones abubuwa ne masu alamta abubuwa wadanda wasu gabobin ke haifarwa kuma suka yadu ta hanyar jini a jiki baki daya. Mafi yawa suna aiwatar da "sadarwa" gabobin tare da juna. Tare tare da tsarin juyayi, kwayoyin halittu suna sarrafa mahimman matakai a jikin mutum - daga haɓakawa da haɓaka jiki zuwa metabolism da samuwar sha'awar jima'i. Tsarin endocrin yana da wuyar ganewa cewa ana iya bayyana ɓarna a ciki a cikin cututtuka daban-daban - daga ciwon suga, kiba da osteoporosis zuwa rashin haihuwa, alopecia da rikicewar tunani.
Yankunan Endocrinology
Endocrinology, kamar wurare da yawa na magani, suna da nasa ɓangarorin. Wadannan sun hada da:
Ilimin cututtukan dabbobi na yara. Wannan sashen yana bincika duk batutuwan da suka shafi balaga, ci gaban yara, abubuwan mamaki da kuma abubuwan da ke tattare da waɗannan hanyoyin. Hakanan, likitan yara na endocrinologist yana haɓaka hanyoyi da shirye-shiryen magani don wannan rukunin na shekaru, la'akari da duk fasalulluka.
Diabetology Tuni da sunan ya bayyana a sarari cewa wannan ɓangaren yana nazarin duk matsalolin da ke tattare da cututtukan sukari da kuma cututtukan da ke tattare da shi.
Ya kamata kuma a ambaci Andrology, saboda endocrinologists tare da urologists suna tsunduma cikin farfado da lafiyar namiji.
Kwararren likitancin endocrinologist ba wai kawai zai iya sanin alamun da kuma gano nau'ikan cutar ba, har ma ya dakatar da haɓakar cutar kuma ya hana ƙirƙirar cututtukan haɗin kai, kuma idan ya cancanta, zaɓi mafi matakan rigakafin.
A yanzu, diabetology (yin la'akari da yawan nazari da binciken da aka yi a wannan sashe na endocrinology) an riga an dauke shi wani horo ne daban.
Idan muka yi la’akari da siffofin wata cuta kamar su mellitus na zazzabin cizon sauro, yanayin dabi'un ta da kuma hadaddun magani, wanda a koda yaushe yana bukatar tsarin kula da mutum, wannan wani sabon abu ne na halitta.
Domin likita likita ne na endocrinologist, dangane da abin da yake yi, yana iya zama likitan yara, balagaggu, ko diabetologist.
Abin da gabobin shiga cikin tsarin endocrine
- Hypothalamus (wannan sashin na diencephalon shima yana da alhakin sarrafa zafin jiki, yunwar da kishirwa);
- Tsarin ciki na huhun ciki (karamin ciwan mahaifa, wanda girmansa bai wuce pea ba, amma wannan baya hana shi kasancewa babban gabobin tsarin endocrin da kuma sanya asirin da yake wajaba don ci gaban, metabolism da haihuwa);
- Pineal gland shine yake, ko kuma shine tasirin hancin ciki (wanda yake a cikin tsintsiya tsakanin babba da bututun tsakiyar cikin kwanon rufin midbrain, yana sakin abubuwanda ke sanya jinkirin aikin glandon har zuwa lokacin balaga);
- Gefar thyroid (tana haifar da kwayoyin halittar da ke shafar dukkanin sel da kyallen takarda na jiki);
- Pancreas (yana samar da insulin da wasu abubuwa don narkewar abinci);
- Adrenal gland (taimaka sarrafa jini, metabolism, amsawa ga danniya da kuma homon da jima'i;
Aikin likita shine kawar da duk wani rashin aiki a cikin aikinsu.
Wadanne cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan mahaukata ne suke bi?
Jerin cututtukan da wannan likita ke bi dasu suna da yawa. Ga manyan wadanda:
- Ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce da ke tasowa daga asalin karancin insulin a jiki.
- Ciwon sukari insipidus cuta ne sanadiyyar lalacewa daga cututtukan hanji da na hypothalamus, wanda mai haƙuri ya koka da yawan jin ƙishirwa, yawan urination akai-akai.
- Cutar kansa ta kansa kansa cuta cuta ce wacce guntuwar thyroid ke faɗaɗa saboda karancin aidin a jiki.
- Acromegaly shine yawan haɓakar hormone girma.
- Cutar Hisenko-Cushing cuta ce ta endocrine wacce tsokanar ta ke haifar da rashin isasshen aiki na glandar adrenal.
- Rashin daidaituwa a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar baƙin ƙarfe - a cikin ƙwayar jini, maida hankali ga wannan samfurin alama ko an wuce shi ko a saukar da shi.
Idan zamuyi magana game da wasu rikice-rikice waɗanda ke faruwa a kan cututtukan baya na cututtukan da ke sama, the endocrinologist shima yana maganin:
- Kiba
- rikicewar cututtukan zuciya;
- rauni na tsoka;
- gynecomastia (fadada nono a cikin maza);
- hypogonadism (kasawa ga samuwar kwayoyin halittar jima'i, wanda ya bayyana ta rashin ci gaban gabobin);
- canje-canje a cikin haila a cikin ƙwayoyin jima'i, alal misali, cututtukan Turner, ciwo na Klinefelter;
- cin zarafin jinsi;
- rashin ƙarfi da rashin daidaituwa a cikin maza;
- rage libido;
- rashin haihuwa
- alopecia;
- haila rashin daidaituwa;
- PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome a cikin mata);
- hyperhidrosis.
Abin da ke faruwa a gwajin endocrinologist
Idan mai haƙuri ya zo wurin likita a karo na farko, to likita zai fara sauraron korafinsa kuma ya tattara tarihin likita (tarihin likita), wanda yanayin mai haƙuri a halin yanzu da alamun da ke damunsa za a rubuta su a fili.
Sannan likitan zai bincika mara lafiyar, ya fitar da jijiyoyin kansa, glandon hancin, kuma idan ya cancanta, za'a kuma bincikar kwayoyin halittar. Mafi m, likita kuma za su rubuta game da gwaje-gwajen jini: za su taimaka wajen keɓe ko tabbatar da zargin kowane irin cuta. Jerin na iya hadawa da gwajin jini na biochemical, gwajin jini ga hodar iblis, da kuma jima'i. Hakanan za a ba wa mata bayani a kan wace ranar sake zagayowar ta wajaba don bayar da gudummawar jini.
Ba tare da faduwa ba, za a saurara zuciyar kuma a auna karfin jini. Bayan haka, dangane da abin da binciken ya nuna da kuma sakamakon binciken, za a yanke hukunci ko ana buƙatar ƙarin nazarin - MRI, duban dan tayi, CT, huda.
Yaushe ya kamata endocrinologist ya bayyana?
Yaya za a tantance abin da za a yi shawara tare da wannan takamaiman likita? Akwai wasu alamu waɗanda ke nuna rashin damuwa da rashin aiki a cikin tsarin endocrine. Suna da takamaiman bayanai, amma suna da yawa kuma suna da yawa. Sabili da haka, sau da yawa bayyanar cututtuka na cututtukan tsarin endocrine yana da wuya.
An danganta lalacewa ga wasu cututtuka ko gajiya ta banal. Mafi yawan abubuwanda aka sani, masu sauƙin gane alamun cutar sun haɗa da:
- Girgiza mara nauyi da aka yi.
- Rashin daidaito a cikin al'ada, rashin haila ko rashin aiki sosai, tsawon lokaci.
- Gajiya mai zafi da rashin jin daɗi ba ga wani dalili bayyananne ba.
- Tachycardia.
- Rashin haƙuri da canje-canje na zazzabi, sanyi ko zafi.
- Jin gumi.
- Kwatsam canje-canje a cikin nauyi a kowace hanya kuma ba ga wani dalili bayyananne.
- Rashin ci.
- Damuwa, ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwa.
- Damuwa ko akasin haka, rashin bacci.
- Sau da yawa yanayin da ke ciki, rashin tausayi, rashin jin daɗi.
- Maƙarƙashiya, tashin zuciya.
- Nailsuntataccen kusoshi, gashi, fata mara kyau.
- Rashin haihuwa don dalilan da ba a sani ba.
Dukkanin alamun da ke sama suna nuna cewa wasu gabobin tsarin endocrine ba su aiki yadda yakamata.
Mafi sau da yawa, dalilin ya ta'allaka ne da rashin kyawun kwayar ko kuma take hakkin tsarin metabolism.
Yadda ake gane ciwon sukari
Wannan cuta ita ce mafi yawan dalilin ziyartar endocrinologist, kuma mafi haɗari. Wadannan alamu da abubuwan mamaki zasu sa kuyi tunanin cewa ya kamata ku ziyarci wannan likita:
- Fata mai bushe da ƙishirwa koyaushe;
- M itching da ciwon sukari na fata da mucous membranes;
- Kushin fata, rauni na warkar da raunuka;
- Urin saurin hanzari;
- Gajiya, rauni na tsoka;
- Ciwon kai da ke hade da kwatsam na yunwar;
- Sharpara yawan ci, duk da asarar nauyi;
- Rashin gani.
Rashin damuwa a cikin tsokoki maraƙi wani lokaci ana lura dashi - zafi da cramps.
Yaushe za a nuna likita ga yaro
Abin takaici, ana cin zarafin tsarin endocrine a cikin yara koyaushe kamar manya. Kyakkyawan abu shine cewa an samu nasarar yi masu magani. Bringaro yaro ga likitan dabbobi na endocrinologist idan:
Yana sananne a baya a ci gaban jiki da kwakwalwa.
Yana da rauni mai rauni - yawanci yana rashin lafiya, yana fama da rashin lafiyar jiki.
Balaga yana gudana tare da cututtukan cuta - an lura da wuce gona da iri ko asarar nauyi mai yawa, halayen sakandare na haɓaka da talauci, da sauransu.
Mafi sau da yawa, ana iya magance matsaloli ta hanyar kwararru a farkon matakin, yana tsara yanayin yanayin rashin haihuwa na matashi.
A cikin wane yanayi ne masanin ilimin endocrinologist ya buƙaci ziyarar
Ko da babu alamun damuwa da alamu, wannan likitan zai ci gaba da bayyana sau da yawa a rayuwarsa. Wannan ya zama dole idan:
An shirya yin juna biyu ta haihu.
Kuna buƙatar zaɓar rigakafi;
Karshe yazo.
A shekaru 40+, maza da mata don dalilai na prophylactic ya kamata su ziyarci endocrinologist sau ɗaya a shekara.
