Insulin cikin sauri na mutum yana fara aiki a cikin mintuna 30-45 bayan allura, nau'ikan insulin na zamani (Apidra, NovoRapid, Humalog) - har ma da sauri, suna buƙatar minti 10-15 ne kawai. Apidra, NovoRapid, Humalog ba insulin na ɗan adam bane, amma kawai analogues ne mai kyau.
Bugu da ƙari, idan aka kwatanta da insulin na halitta, waɗannan kwayoyi sun fi kyau saboda an gyara su. Godiya ga ingantaccen tsari, waɗannan magungunan, da zarar sun shiga jiki, da sauri suna rage yawan sukarin jini.
Ana inganta samfuran insulin-gajere na gajeran aiki musamman don hanzarta dakatar da aikin glucose jini. Wannan yanayin yakan faru ne lokacin da mai ciwon sukari yana son cin abinci mai sauri a cikin jikin mutum.
A aikace, abin takaici, wannan ra'ayin bai baratar da kanta ba, tunda amfani da kayayyakin da aka haramta wa masu ciwon sukari, a kowane yanayi, yana tayar da sukari na jini.
Koda lokacin da kwayoyi irin su Apidra, NovoRapid, Humalog suna cikin arsenal na mai haƙuri, mai ciwon sukari yakamata yaci abinci mara nauyi. Ana amfani da analogs na insulin na insulin a cikin yanayi inda ake buƙatar rage matakan sukari da wuri-wuri.
Wani dalili kuma da ya sa yakamata a wasu lokuta yin amfani da insulin ultrashort shine lokacin da ba zai yiwu a jira lokacin da aka tsara na mintuna 40-45 kafin cin abinci, wanda ya zama dole don fara aiwatar da insulin na yau da kullun.
Ana buƙatar allurar insulin mai sauri ko mai ƙarfi kafin abinci don waɗannan masu ciwon sukari waɗanda ke haifar da hauhawar jini bayan cin abinci.
Ba koyaushe ba ne tare da ciwon sukari, rage cin abinci na karas da ƙwayoyi da kuma tebur suna da sakamako daidai. A wasu halaye, waɗannan matakan suna ba wa haƙuri haƙuri kawai na taimako.
Masu ciwon sukari na 2 suna da ma'ana don gwada insulin na dogon lokaci yayin jiyya. Wataƙila kasancewa da lokaci don hutu daga shirye-shiryen insulin, ƙwanƙarin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta yana narkewa kuma zai fara samar da insulin da kansa da kansa yana zubar da glucose a cikin jini ba tare da allurar rigakafin farko ba.
A kowane yanayin asibiti, yanke shawara game da nau'in insulin, yawan suttura da sa'o'in shigarwar ana yin shi ne kawai bayan mai haƙuri ya yi cikakken duba kansa na glucose na jini aƙalla kwanaki bakwai.
Don tara tsarin, duka likitan da mara lafiyar dole ne suyi aiki tuƙuru.
Bayan duk, ingantaccen ilimin insulin kada ya kasance iri ɗaya ga daidaitaccen magani (1-2 injections kowace rana).
Azumin insulin da sauri
Ultrashort insulin yana fara aikinsa tun da wuri fiye da yadda jikin ɗan adam yake sarrafawa don rushewa da ɗaukar sunadarai, waɗanda wasu daga cikinsu ake canza su zuwa glucose. Sabili da haka, idan mai haƙuri ya bi tsarin abincin carb, insulin gajeriyar magana, ana sarrafa shi kafin abinci, ya fi:
- Apidra
- Rankaiwal,
- Humalogue.
Dole ne a gudanar da insulin azumin 40-45 kafin abinci. Wannan lokacin alama ce, kuma ga kowane haƙuri an saita shi daidai gwargwado. Tsawan lokacin aiwatar da gajeren zango yakai kimanin awa biyar. Wannan lokacin ne jikin mutum yake buƙatar cikakken narke abincin da aka ci.
Ana amfani da insulin Ultrashort a cikin yanayin da ba a tsammani lokacin da dole ne a rage matakin sukari da sauri. Hadarin ciwon sukari ya haɗu daidai daidai lokacin da yawan haɓakar glucose a cikin jini ya karu, don haka ya zama dole a runtse shi zuwa al'ada da wuri-wuri. Kuma a wannan batun, hormone na ultrashort mataki yayi daidai.
Idan mai haƙuri ya kamu da ciwon sukari "mai sauƙi" (sukari yana ɗaukar kansa kuma yana faruwa da sauri), ba a buƙatar ƙarin injections na insulin a cikin wannan halin. Wannan mai yiwuwa ne kawai tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.
Ingantaccen insulin
Ultra-fast insulins sun hada da Apidra (Glulisin), NovoRapid (Aspart), Humalog (Lizpro). Wadannan kamfanoni guda uku ne ke samar da magungunan. Matsakaicin insulin na ɗan adam ɗan gajere ne, kuma ultrashort - waɗannan su ne analogues, wato, haɓakawa idan aka kwatanta da insulin na mutum.
Babban mahimmancin haɓaka shine cewa magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta marasa ƙarfi suna rage matakan sukari da sauri fiye da na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Tasirin yana faruwa na mintuna 5 zuwa 15 bayan allura. Ultrashort insulins an kirkiresu musamman don baiwa masu ciwon sukari lokaci zuwa lokaci don cin abinci a kan carbohydrates.
Amma wannan shirin bai yi tasiri ba a aikace. A kowane hali, carbohydrates suna haɓaka sukari da sauri fiye da koda na insulin matsanancin-gajere na zamani na iya rage shi. Duk da kasancewar sabbin nau'ikan insulin a kasuwannin magunguna, buƙatar abinci mai karancin carbohydrate ga masu ciwon sukari ya kasance dacewa. Wannan ita ce kawai hanyar da za a bi don kawar da mummunan rikice-rikice da cutar ta rashin hankali ke ciki.
Ga masu ciwon sukari nau'in 1 da 2, sakamakon rage cin abinci mai ƙayyadaddun carbohydrate, ana ɗaukar insulin ɗan adam mafi dacewa don yin allura kafin abinci, maimakon analogues na ultrashort. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa jikin mai haƙuri tare da ciwon sukari, yana ɗaukar fewan carbohydrates, da farko yana kariyar sunadarai, sannan kuma wani sashi daga cikinsu ya canza zuwa glucose.
Wannan tsari yana faruwa a hankali sosai, kuma aikin insulin ultrashort, akasin haka, yana faruwa da sauri. A wannan yanayin, kawai yi amfani da gajeren insulin. Farashin insulin ya zama minti 40-45 kafin cin abinci.
Duk da wannan, insulins-sauri mai sauri na iya zama da amfani ga masu ciwon sukari wadanda ke hana cin abinci mai narkewa. Idan mai haƙuri ya lura da matakin sukari mai girma sosai lokacin shan glucometer, a cikin wannan yanayin insulins na matsanancin sauri yana taimakawa sosai.
Ultrashort insulin na iya zuwa da hannu kafin abincin dare a cikin gidan cin abinci ko yayin tafiya lokacin da babu wata hanyar da za a jira lokacin da aka raba minti 40-45.
Mahimmanci! Ultra-short insulins suna aiki da sauri fiye da gajerun gajere. Dangane da wannan, allurai na ultrashort analogues na kwayar halitta yakamata suyi kasa sosai da daidai gwargwado na gajeran insulin dan adam.
Haka kuma, gwajin asibiti na magunguna sun nuna cewa tasirin Humalog yana farawa 5 mintuna kafin lokacin amfani da Apidra ko Novo Rapid.
Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfanin insulin insulin
Sabbin sabon analogs na insulin (idan aka kwatanta da gajeren kwayoyin halittar mutum) suna da fa'ida da wasu fa'ida.
Abvantbuwan amfãni:
- Earlierarshe mafi girma na aiki. Sabbin nau'ikan insulin ultrashort sun fara aiki da sauri - bayan allura bayan mintina 10-15.
- A m mataki na wani ɗan gajeren shiri bayar da mafi alh assri kimanta abinci da jiki, idan da haƙuri haƙuri bi low-carbohydrate rage cin abinci.
- Yin amfani da insulin da ake amfani da shi ya dace sosai lokacin da mara haƙuri ba zai iya sanin ainihin lokacin cin abinci na gaba ba, alal misali, idan yana kan hanya.
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su ga abinci mai ƙayyadaddun carbohydrate, likitoci sun ba da shawarar cewa marassa lafiya, kamar yadda suka saba, amfani da ɗan gajeren insulin ɗan adam kafin abinci, amma ci gaba da ƙura da ƙwayar a cikin shirye don lokuta na musamman.
Misalai:
- Matsayin glucose na jini ya sauka kasa da bayan allurar gajeren insulin na yau da kullun.
- Dole ne a gudanar da gajeren insulins na mintuna 40-45 kafin a fara cin abinci. Idan baku lura da wannan lokacin ba kuma ku fara cin abinci a baya, ɗan taƙaitaccen shiri ba zai sami lokacin fara aiwatarwa ba, kuma zub da jini zai yi tsalle.
- Saboda gaskiyar cewa shirye-shiryen insulin na ultrafast yana da kololuwa, yana da matukar wahala a lissafta adadin carbohydrates da dole ne a cinye yayin abinci domin kasancewawar glucose a cikin jini al'ada ce.
- Iceabi'a yana tabbatar da cewa nau'ikan insulin waɗanda suke aiki da rashin ƙarfi a kan glucose a cikin jini fiye da gajeru. Sakamakonsu ba shi da faɗi faɗi koda kuwa za a allura da ƙananan allurai. Babu buƙatar magana game da manyan allurai a wannan batun.
Marasa lafiya yakamata su lura cewa nau'ikan insulin masu ƙarfi sunfi ƙarfi akan waɗanda suke sauri. Rukunin Humaloga zai rage sukarin jini sau 2 2.5 da karfi fiye da 1 na guntun insulin. Apidra da NovoRapid kusan sau 1.5 suna da ƙarfi fiye da insulin gajere.
Dangane da wannan, kashi na Humalog ya zama daidai da kashi 0.4 na insulin cikin sauri, da kuma maganin Apidra ko NovoRapida - kusan ⅔ kashi. Ana ɗaukar wannan sigar nuna alama ce, amma an ƙaddara yawan sashi a kowane yanayi na gwaji.
Babban burin da kowane mai ciwon sukari yakamata yayi shine don ragewa ko hana gaba daya bayan jini. Don cimma burin, allurar kafin cin abinci ya kamata a yi tare da isasshen iyaka lokacin, shine, jira aikin insulin kuma sai kawai a fara cin abinci.
A gefe guda, mai haƙuri yana ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa miyagun ƙwayoyi sun fara rage yawan sukarin jini daidai lokacin da abinci ya fara ƙaruwa da shi. Koyaya, idan allurar tayi kyau sosai a gaba, sukarin jini na iya raguwa da sauri fiye da abinci zai iya ƙaruwa da shi.
A aikace, an tabbatar da cewa yin allurar gajeren insulin ya kamata a yi mintuna 40-45 kafin cin abinci. Wannan dokar ba ta yin amfani da su ga masu ciwon sukari da ke da tarihin cututtukan ciwon sukari (mai saurin narkewa bayan cin abinci).
Lokaci-lokaci, amma, duk da haka, marasa lafiya suna zuwa waɗanda waɗanda gajeran insulins suke shiga cikin jini musamman a hankali saboda wasu dalilai. Wadannan marasa lafiya dole ne suyi allurar insulin kimanin awanni 1.5 kafin abinci. A dabi'ance, wannan ba shi da wahala. Na irin waɗannan mutane ne cewa yin amfani da maganin rashin ƙarfi na insulin analogues ana amfani dasu. Mafi saurin su shine Humalog.
